E Pellizzari

Bio: E Pellizzari is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Conceptual framework & Conceptual model (computer science). The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 15 citations.

Conceptual framework for designing a national survey of human exposure.

Abstract: The development and implementation of a National Human Exposure Assessment Survey requires a sound conceptual framework in order to select the population for study, the chemicals of concern, and the media and routes of exposure requiring direct and indirect measurements. A three-level conceptual model is presented within a multidimensional space that provides the basic parameters needed to be considered in the design of such a study. The axis common to all three levels is the duration of exposure. A fundamental need in a national survey is information on environmentally relevant chemicals, the biological mechanisms and health responses, the types of personal contact, the environmental concentrations, the sources, and the populations at risk. Application of the model is appropriate for exposures that can lead to acute or chronic health effects. Five chemicals are used to illustrate the need for multimedia and multiroute exposure analyses of the general population.

Environmental copper: Its dynamics and human exposure issues

Abstract: This article provides an overview of the environmental patterns and dynamics of copper from the perspective of issues that affect our ability to examine current human exposures. It presents selected sum mary information on the levels of copper found in various media and exposure pathways from a variety of information sources, and discusses the breadth and the limitations of this information. The analysis presented focuses on the ability to provide quantitative values for both external metrics of exposures (microenvironmental levels) and internal biological markers of exposure. The status of the current information on environmental copper is placed within a conceptual framework that can be used to identify data gaps, assess the utility of current biological markers of exposure, and examine the need for systematic and consistent data-gathering studies to improve our ability to com plete exposure assessments. A primary concern is the exposure to copper through potable water supplies; this is considered withi...

The EXPOLIS study: implications for exposure research and environmental policy in Europe.

Abstract: Exposure analysis is a crucial part of effective management of public health risks caused by pollutants and chemicals in our environment. During the last decades, more data required for exposure analysis has become available, but the need for direct population based measurements of exposures is still clear. The current work (i) describes the European EXPOLIS study, designed to produce this kind of exposure data for major air pollutants in Europe, and the database created to make the collected data available for researchers (ii) reviews the exposure analysis conducted and results published so far using these data and (iii) discusses the implications of the results from the point of view of research and environmental policy in Europe. Fine particle (with 37 elements and black smoke), nitrogen dioxide, volatile organic compounds (30 compounds) and carbon monoxide inhalation exposures and exposure-related questionnaire data were measured in seven European cities during 1996-2000. The EXPOLIS database has been used for exposure analysis of these pollutants for 4 years now and results have been published in approximately 30 peer-reviewed journal papers, demonstrating the versatility, usability and scientific value of such a data set. The multipollutant exposure data from the same subjects in the random population samples allows for analyses of the determinants, microenvironments and sources of exposures to multipollutant mixtures and associations between the different air pollutants. This information is necessary and useful for developing effective policies and control strategies for healthier environment.

TRACKING MULTIPLE PATHWAYS OF HUMAN EXPOSURE TO PERSISTENT MULTIMEDIA POLLUTANTS: Regional, Continental, and Global-Scale Models

Abstract: ▪ Abstract Widespread observations of organic pollutant compounds in vegetation, soil, animals, and human tissue have motivated research on more accurate characterizations of chemical transport over regional, continental, and global scales. Efforts to assess human and ecosystem exposure to contaminants from multiple environmental media have been evolving over the last several decades. In this review, we summarize the development and evolution of the multimedia mass-balance approach to pollutant fate and exposure evaluation and illustrate some of the calculations used in multimedia assessments. The concepts that form the foundation of Mackay-type mass-balance compartment models are described, and the ongoing efforts to use multimedia models to quantify human exposures are discussed. A series of case studies of varying complexity are used to illustrate capabilities and limitations of selected multimedia approaches. We look to the future and consider current challenges and opportunities in the field of multi...