The present invention provides a heterocyclic compound and an organic light-emitting device including the heterocyclic compound. The organic light-emitting devices using the heterocyclic compounds have high-efficiency, low driving voltage, high luminance and long lifespan.

Organic light-emitting device

A system and method for variable power transfer in an inductive charging or power system. In accordance with an embodiment the system comprises a pad or similar base unit that contains a primary, which creates an alternating magnetic field. A receiver comprises a means for receiving the energy from the alternating magnetic field from the pad and transferring it to a mobile device, battery, or other device. In accordance with various embodiments, additional features can be incorporated into the system to provide greater power transfer efficiency, and to allow the system to be easily modified for applications that have different power requirements. These include variations in the material used to manufacture the primary and/or the receiver coils; modified circuit designs to be used on the primary and/or receiver side; and additional circuits and components that perform specialized tasks, such as mobile device or battery identification, and automatic voltage or power-setting for different devices or batteries.

System and method for inductive charging of portable devices

Starting from Tesla's principles of wireless power transfer a century ago, this critical review outlines recent magneto-inductive research activities on wireless power transfer with the transmission distance greater than the transmitter coil dimension. It summarizes the operating principles of a range of wireless power research into 1) the maximum power transfer and 2) the maximum energy efficiency principles. The differences and the implications of these two approaches are explained in terms of their energy efficiency and transmission distance capabilities. The differences between the system energy efficiency and the transmission efficiency are also highlighted. The review covers the two-coil systems, the four-coil systems, the systems with relay resonators and the wireless domino-resonator systems. Related issues including human exposure issues and reduction of winding resistance are also addressed. The review suggests that the use of the maximum energy efficiency principle in the two-coil systems is suitable for short-range rather than mid-range applications, the use of the maximum power transfer principle in the four-coil systems is good for maximizing the transmission distance, but is under a restricted system energy efficiency (<;50%); the use of the maximum energy efficiency principle in relay or domino systems may offer a good compromise for good system energy efficiency and transmission distance on the condition that relay resonators can be placed between the power source and the load.

A Critical Review of Recent Progress in Mid-Range Wireless Power Transfer

A detection method for use in a primary unit of an inductive power transfer system, the primary unit being operable to transmit power wirelessly by electromagnetic induction to at least one secondary unit of the system located in proximity to the primary unit and/or to a foreign object located in said proximity, the method comprising: driving the primary unit so that in a driven state the magnitude of an electrical drive signal supplied to one or more primary coils of the primary unit changes from a first value to a second value; assessing the effect of such driving on an electrical characteristic of the primary unit; and detecting in dependence upon the assessed effect the presence of a said secondary unit and/or a foreign object located in proximity to said primary unit.

Inductive power transfer

A portable inductive power source, power device, or unit, for use in powering or charging electrical, electronic, battery-operated, mobile, and other devices is disclosed herein. In accordance with an embodiment the system comprises a pad or similar base unit that contains a primary, which creates an alternating magnetic field by means of applying an alternating current to a winding, coil, or any type of current carrying wire. A receiver comprises a means for receiving the energy from the alternating magnetic field from the pad and transferring it to a mobile or other device. In some embodiments the receiver can also comprise electronic components or logic to set the voltage and current to the appropriate levels required by the mobile device, or to communicate information or data to and from the pad. Embodiments may also incorporate efficiency measures that improve the efficiency of power transfer between the charger and receiver.

Inductive power source and charging system

An inductive power pad (100) includes a plurality of transmitting inductors (120) and a respective plurality of detector circuits (140). Each transmitting inductor (120) is operable to provide inductive energy to a power receiver circuit (150). Each detector circuit (140) corresponds to one of the plurality of transmitting inductors (120) and each detector circuit (140) is operable to electromagnetically sense a power receiver circuit (150) in proximity thereto. Each detector circuit upon electromagnetically sensing a power receiver circuit, is further operable to control switching of its corresponding transmitting inductor to a power supply (130), thereby providing a supply voltage to said corresponding transmitting inductor, said supply voltage operable to generating inductive energy (110) for transmission to said power receiver circuit.

Inductive power system and method of operation

Inductive power transmission is proposed more and more also for consumer applications. In this work, limitations with respect to efficiency of the whole magnetic system are investigated. The power efficiency of a given structure is dependent on resonant matching and on the load impedance. First, the matching conditions for optimal power efficiency are derived. Then the achievable efficiency for inductive transmission structures with varying distance and size ratios are investigated. Recent publications on inductive power transmission are evaluated and discussed based on these results. As a conclusion, inductive power transmission in a larger space (e.g. a whole room) is very inefficient. On the other hand, inductive power transmission at a surface can be efficient as conventional power supplies. Based on this insight, an inductive power transmission pad has been designed and built, with the purpose to charge mobile devices like mobile phones. It can charge an arbitrary number of devices and allows free positioning of the devices on the pad. It consists of an array of planar transmitter coils and has a size of 20 cm x 26 cm. It can detect the position of a receiver and activates only the coils underneath a receiver.

Limitation of inductive power transfer for consumer applications

A modular power transmitting system comprises multiple transmitter modules being connected together for transmitting power inductively to a receiver. The transmitter module is connected with other transmitter modules for transmitting power inductively to the receiver, wherein the transmitter module (40) comprises at least one transmitter cell (30), each transmitter cell having one transmitter coil (33) by which the transmitter cell transmitting power to the receiver, the transmitter module having an outer periphery (45) being shaped so as to fit to neighboring transmitter modules for forming an power transmitting surface, the at least one transmitter cell being arranged such that the power transmitting surface is constituted by an uninterrupted pattern of adjacent transmitter coils extending in said surface, and interconnection units (110,111) for connecting with neighboring transmitter modules for sharing a power supply.

Transmitter module for use in a modular power transmitting system

The invention relates to a floor covering (100) comprising: a plurality of coils (110), each coil (110) being operable to supply inductive energy to a power receiver circuit (200); wherein the plurality of coils comprises a transmitter area occupying the largest area of the floor covering (100); and a charging current through the coils is operable to generate said inductive energy.

Floor covering and inductive power system

The apparatus 10 for electromagnetic energy transfer comprises a charging fixture 1 with a contact surface 4 and a generator coil 2 forming a resonator circuit with a capacitance. The charging fixture 1 is preferably arranged as an elongated bar whereon a plurality of chargeable electronic devices 5 can be arranged. In order to implement electromagnetic energy transfer from the charging fixture 1 to the electronic device 5 the latter has to be arranged with a pick-up circuit for generating secondary alternating current in a loop, preferably a secondary resonator circuit. In order to fix a position of the electronic device 5 on the charging bar 1, the charging bar is preferably arranged with a projection 3 extending in a plane of the contact surface 4. The electronic device 5 can be shaped to be hanged on the projection and removed from it in accordance with arrow 6.

Eberhard Waffenschmidt

Papers

Inductive power system and method of operation

Limitation of inductive power transfer for consumer applications

Transmitter module for use in a modular power transmitting system

Floor covering and inductive power system

An apparatus, a system and a method for enabling electromagnetic energy transfer