Edward Canuel

Bio: Edward Canuel is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Soft law & Hard law. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 2 citations.

Sustainable Development, Natural Resource Extraction, and the Arctic: The Road Ahead

Abstract: Sustainable development has emerged as an integral nexus, linking together critically important global issues including environmental stewardship and economic growth. Understanding sustainable development demands a close analysis of evolving definitions, conceptual applications, and areas of convergence and divergence within international, regional, and domestic institutions. The import and impact of hard law and soft law must additionally be explored to understand the application of sustainable development to the Arctic. This Article suggests a three-tier framework to assist the multiplicity of stakeholders with diverse equities to navigate the socio-economic and legal hurdles and potential associated with Arctic development. First, a trend has emerged where soft law is effectively “hardening.” Second, the guiding role of domestic law must not be underestimated. The final tier proposes that multidisciplinary Arctic approaches are integral and yield efficiencies. Taken together, this framework provides guidance for novices and experts alike when considering Arctic sustainable development. Copyright © 2016 by Edward Canuel. * Dr. Canuel is a U.S. Foreign Service Officer with extensive international legal experience, particularly involving comparative contract, energy, and Arctic law. Dr. Canuel was named the U.S. government’s candidate to lead the Arctic Council Secretariat in 2012, and is a member of Aarhus University’s Arctic Research Centre. He received his B.A. in Political Science and Philosophy from Boston College (summa cum laude) and his Juris Doctor from Boston College. He was awarded his Master of Laws (Business Law) from Osgoode Hall, where he was subsequently named a Visiting Scholar. Dr. Canuel received his Ph.D. in international private law from the University of Oslo. He served as the State Department Visiting Professor at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. Dr. Canuel is an Adjunct Professor at American University and an Honorary Professor of Aarhus University. Note that this document does not express the views of the U.S. government. ARTICLE 2 CANUEL (DO NOT DELETE) 6/14/2016 2:05 PM 32 ALASKA LAW REVIEW [33:1

Resource curse and sustainable development in petroleum states of Africa: the case of Nigeria

Abstract: There has been a plethora of research and policies aimed at salvaging Nigeria from its inability to benefit from the significant amount of proceeds from its endowed resources without success. This is largely due to reliance on a degree of institutional capacity, which is widely absent thus making the country susceptible to various challenges. The objective of the paper is to show the importance of both human and psychological factors in determining the ability of a resource-endowed state to sustainably develop. Using secondary data analyses, it contends that while scholars’ view of the problem of resource curse as an economic challenge and building strong institutions cannot be ignored, these require human beings with the capability for development, political commitment or will and positive attitudes in addition to government support in the area of effective policy formulation and implementation of codes of conduct and ethics for enhanced mineral resources utilization.

Planning for a sustainable Arctic: regional development in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Russia)

Abstract: In the framework of regional sustainable development (RSD), reconciling economic, social, and ecological goals and activities is one of the top priorities for policy-makers involved in regional planning (Coelho et al. 2010). Public regulators who define the “rules of the game” for public and private companies need to interpret and operationalize sustainable development (SD) before it can enter policy practice. A typical approach is to develop a system of sustainability indicators that can determine whether the past growth of an economy has been sustainable. Regional planners can design SD indicators that account for regional specificity to inform future policy choices (Van Zeijl-Rozema et al. 2011). For instance, a region’s location, size, or available factors of production could have an impact on the community’s values, concerns, and options for the future (Gustavson et al. 1999; Coelho et al. 2010). The special properties of the Arctic regions, such as remoteness from the centers of production and consumption, ultra-small population, and resource abundance coupled with the fragile Arctic nature require adequate treatment when developing and analyzing pathways toward sustainable development.