Edward D. Schaefer

TL;DR: The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) is a hyperspectral imager on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft as discussed by the authors, which consists of three subassemblies, a gimbaled Optical Sensor Unit (OSU), a Data Processing Unit (DPU), and the Gimbal Motor Electronics (GME).

TL;DR: MDIS will acquire four main data sets at Mercury during three flybys and the two-Mercury-solar-day nominal mission: a monochrome global image mosaic at near-zero emission angles and moderate incidence angles, a stereo-complement map at off-nadir geometry and near-identical lighting, multicolor images at low incidence angles and targeted high-resolution images of key surface features.

TL;DR: The Gamma-Ray and Neutron Spectrometer (GRNS) was developed as part of the science payload for NASA's Discovery Program mission to the planet Mercury as mentioned in this paper, which was successfully launched more than six years before entering Mercury orbit to begin a one-year investigation.

TL;DR: The X-Ray Spectrometer (XRS) onboard the MESSENGER spacecraft has been used to measure the surface elemental composition of the terrestrial planets by observing the Kα lines for the elements Mg, Al, Si, S, Ca, Ti and Fe as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) as discussed by the authors is a two-dimensional (2D) offner spectrometer with a 2.12° field-of-view (FOV) to focus light on the entrance slit of a dual-spectrometer.