Author
Elin Malmqvist
Bio: Elin Malmqvist is an academic researcher from Lund University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Lidar & Laser-induced fluorescence. The author has an hindex of 8, co-authored 22 publications receiving 267 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, a continuous-wave lidar system was used to monitor the flying insect diurnal activity and also the influence of changes in weather conditions, e.g., the occurrence of rain.
Abstract: Effective monitoring of flying insects is of major societal importance in view of the role of insects as indispensable pollinators, destructive disease vectors and economically devastating agricultural pests. The present paper reports on monitoring of flying agricultural pests using a continuous-wave lidar system in a rice-field location in Southern China. Using a Scheimpflug arrangement, range resolution over several 100 m long observational paths was achieved. The system operates with two perpendicularly polarized near-infrared lasers, which are activated intermittently, and back-scattered radiation from insects was recorded by a linear array detector placed after a linear polarizer. Our polarization sensitive system was used to monitor the flying insect diurnal activity and also the influence of changes in weather conditions, e.g., the occurrence of rain. Activity strongly peaked at dusk and rose again, although to a lower extent, just before dawn. At the onset of rainfall, a strong increase in insect counts occurred which was interpreted as the rain-induced bringing down of high-altitude migrant insects.
47 citations
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TL;DR: The results of the first Lidar study applied to continuous and simultaneous monitoring of aerial insects, bats and birds in China illustrate how common patterns of flight activity, e.g. insect swarming around twilight, depend on predation risk and other constraints acting on the faunal components.
Abstract: We present the results of, to our knowledge, the first Lidar study applied to continuous and simultaneous monitoring of aerial insects, bats and birds. It illustrates how common patterns of flight ...
46 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, an aquatic laser-diode-based inelastic light detection and ranging (lidar) system with unprecedented sensitivity, spatio-temporal resolution and number of spectral bands is presented.
Abstract: Monitoring the aquatic environment and the life of free-floating organisms remains on the borderline of our technical capabilities. Therefore, our insights into aquatic habitats, such as, abundance and behavior of organisms are limited. In order to improve our understanding of aquatic life, we have developed a low-cost inelastic hyperspectral lidar with unlimited focal depth and enough sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution to detect and resolve position and behavior of individual submillimeter organisms. In this work, we demonstrate elastic as well as molecular ranging by using the water Raman band, and by observing fluorescence from chlorophyll and from dye-tagged organisms. We present an aquatic laser-diode-based inelastic light detection and ranging (lidar) system with unprecedented sensitivity, spatiotemporal resolution and number of spectral bands. Our system offers new opportunities for quantitative in situ studies of aquatic organisms, and has the potential to considerably advance our understanding of biological life in aquatic systems. (Figure presented.). (Less)
46 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, an effective method for extracting fauna observations from atmospheric lidar data and reducing the observations to a set of descriptive parameters is presented, where the essential steps are walked through and a glimpse of the obtainable data product is presented.
Abstract: The pace at which the world's ecosystems and biodiversity of, e.g., pollinators decline is currently at a rate where it is challenging to document. In recent years, our group has made an effort to bridge the disciplines of laser remote sensing and biophotonics, and we have developed lidar methods for inventorying the biosphere. Here, we present an effective method for extracting fauna observations from atmospheric lidar data and reducing the observations to a set of descriptive parameters. Kilohertz-lidar data are used, the essential steps are walked through and a glimpse of the obtainable data product is presented.
43 citations
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TL;DR: In situ lidar classification of several insect families and their sexes based on their modulation signatures is demonstrated and how lidar-based monitoring of distinct mosquito activities could advance the understanding of vector ecology is demonstrated.
Abstract: Yearly, a quarter billion people are infected and a half a million killed by the mosquito-borne disease malaria. Lack of real-time observational tools for continuously assessing the unperturbed mosquito flight activity in situ limits progress toward improved vector control. We deployed a high-resolution entomological lidar to monitor a half-kilometer static transect adjacent to a Tanzanian village. We evaluated one-third million insect observations during five nights, four days, and one annular solar eclipse. We demonstrate in situ lidar classification of several insect families and their sexes based on their modulation signatures. We were able to compare the fine-scale spatiotemporal activity patterns of malaria vectors during ordinary days and an eclipse to disentangle phototactic activity patterns from the circadian mechanism. We observed an increased insect activity during the eclipse attributable to mosquitoes. These unprecedented findings demonstrate how lidar-based monitoring of distinct mosquito activities could advance our understanding of vector ecology.
28 citations
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01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a laser diagnostics for combustion temperature and species, but end up in infectious downloads, rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer.
Abstract: Thank you very much for reading laser diagnostics for combustion temperature and species. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite readings like this laser diagnostics for combustion temperature and species, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious virus inside their desktop computer.
109 citations
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: This elastic lidar theory practice and analysis methods will help people to face with some harmful bugs inside their laptop instead of enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon.
Abstract: Thank you very much for downloading elastic lidar theory practice and analysis methods. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their favorite readings like this elastic lidar theory practice and analysis methods, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful bugs inside their laptop.
91 citations
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Plymouth Marine Laboratory1, European Space Research and Technology Centre2, Airbus Defence and Space3, University of Cádiz4, IFREMER5, University of Oldenburg6, VU University Amsterdam7, University of Hawaii8, University of Auckland9, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration10, University of Western Australia11, Flemish Institute for Technological Research12, University of Plymouth13, University of the Aegean14, Utrecht University15
TL;DR: Steps needed to develop marine plastic debris detection by remote sensing platforms are proposed in terms of fundamental science as well as linkages to ongoing planning for satellite systems with similar observation requirements.
Abstract: Sustained observations are required to determine the marine plastic debris mass balance and to support effective policy for planning remedial action. However, observations currently remain scarce at the global scale. A satellite remote sensing system could make a substantial contribution to tackling this problem. Here, we make initial steps towards the potential design of such a remote sensing system by: (1) identifying the properties of marine plastic debris amenable to remote sensing methods and (2) highlighting the oceanic processes relevant to scientific questions about marine plastic debris. Remote sensing approaches are reviewed and matched to the optical properties of marine plastic debris and the relevant spatio-temporal scales of observation to identify challenges and opportunities in the field. Finally, steps needed to develop marine plastic debris detection by remote sensing platforms are proposed in terms of fundamental science as well as linkages to ongoing planning for satellite systems with similar observation requirements.
85 citations
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TL;DR: It is argued that Malagasy insectivorous bats have the potential to suppress agricultural pests and may contribute to higher agricultural yields and promote sustainable livelihoods.
71 citations
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TL;DR: A concept whereby laser radar observations of atmospheric fauna can be parameterized and table values for absolute cross sections can be catalogued to allow for the study of focal species such as disease vectors and pests is presented.
Abstract: In recent years, the field of remote sensing of birds and insects in the atmosphere (the aerial fauna) has advanced considerably, and modern electro-optic methods now allow the assessment of the abundance and fluxes of pests and beneficials on a landscape scale. These techniques have the potential to significantly increase our understanding of, and ability to quantify and manage, the ecological environment. This paper presents a concept whereby laser radar observations of atmospheric fauna can be parameterized and table values for absolute cross sections can be catalogued to allow for the study of focal species such as disease vectors and pests. Wing-beat oscillations are parameterized with a discrete set of harmonics and the spherical scatter function is parameterized by a reduced set of symmetrical spherical harmonics. A first order spherical model for insect scatter is presented and supported experimentally, showing angular dependence of wing beat harmonic content. The presented method promises to give insights into the flight heading directions of species in the atmosphere and has the potential to shed light onto the km-range spread of pests and disease vectors.
56 citations