Emília Ficková

TL;DR: Perceptions of national character appear to be unfounded stereotypes that may serve the function of maintaining a national identity.

TL;DR: The authors found that cross-cultural variations in aging perceptions were associated with culture-level indicators of population aging, education levels, values, and national character stereotypes, and these associations were stronger for societal views on aging and perceptions of socioemotional changes than for perceptions of physical and cognitive changes.

TL;DR: With advancing age, sex differences found in adolescents increasingly converge toward adult patterns with respect to both direction and magnitude; girls display sex-typed personality traits at an earlier age than boys; and the emergence of sex differences was similar across cultures.

TL;DR: For instance, this article analyzed responses from 3,323 individuals across 26 nations (mean age = 22.3 years, 31% male) who were asked to rate the five-factor personality traits of typical men or women in three age groups (adolescent, adult, and older adult).

TL;DR: Aggregate scores were generalizable across gender, age, and relationship groups and showed convergence with culture-level scores from previous studies of self-reports and observer ratings of adults, but they were unrelated to national character stereotypes.