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Author

Erdin Ibraim

Other affiliations: École Normale Supérieure
Bio: Erdin Ibraim is an academic researcher from University of Bristol. The author has contributed to research in topics: Natural rubber & Consolidation (soil). The author has an hindex of 26, co-authored 97 publications receiving 1950 citations. Previous affiliations of Erdin Ibraim include École Normale Supérieure.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a model for coupling the effects of fibres with the stress-strain behavior of unreinforced soil is proposed for coupling a fiber stiffness matrix with the tensile strain.

225 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the response to ambient vibrations, harmonic excitation and shock loading is recorded on intact buildings but also after their structure or their vicinity was modified, and the advantage of integrating these data in the vulnerability assessment is presented and discussed in the next paper.
Abstract: Recent results of in situ measurements and their interest for a seismic assessment of existing buildings are presented and analysed. The present paper (Part I) is devoted to the experimental programme. The response to ambient vibrations, harmonic excitation and shock loading is recorded on intact buildings but also after their structure or their vicinity was modified. These tests aim to identify the dynamic behaviour of ordinary intact buildings built in a conventional practise. Moreover, taking advantage of their demolition, it was possible (through these tests) to determine the actual influence of the light work elements, full precast facade panels, bearing masonry walls, and the presence of neighbouring joined buildings. These experiments realized on real buildings show that information gathered from ambient measurements provide reliable and efficient data of real interest for a clear understanding of the actual building behaviour. The advantage of integrating these data in the vulnerability assessment is presented and discussed in the next paper (Part II). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

115 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a series of general strain increments with different orientations of principal strain and different imposed angles of dilation were performed on an analogue two-dimensional granular material in a special laboratory apparatus.
Abstract: Tests have been performed on an analogue two-dimensional granular material in a special laboratory apparatus that allows the application of general stress or strain conditions. Digital image correlation of pairs of consecutive photographs taken during the tests has enabled fields of displacement and hence strain to be determined. Thus direct observation of internal displacements and strains has been possible for a series of general strain increments with different orientations of principal strain and different imposed angles of dilation. This analysis has successfully provided clear evidence of evolving internal structures of deformation. The observed evolving structures consist of bands of localised deformation and ‘cells’ of low deformation between the bands. The orientations of the identified localised features and cells are seen to depend on the applied strain path. The characteristic features and dimensions of the bands have been approximately identified.

110 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that reinforcement inclusions reduce the potential for the occurrence of liquefaction in both compression and extension triaxial loadings and convert a strain softening response (typical for a loose unreinforced sand) into a strain hardening response.

109 citations


Cited by
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01 May 1993
TL;DR: Comparing the results to the fastest reported vectorized Cray Y-MP and C90 algorithm shows that the current generation of parallel machines is competitive with conventional vector supercomputers even for small problems.
Abstract: Three parallel algorithms for classical molecular dynamics are presented. The first assigns each processor a fixed subset of atoms; the second assigns each a fixed subset of inter-atomic forces to compute; the third assigns each a fixed spatial region. The algorithms are suitable for molecular dynamics models which can be difficult to parallelize efficiently—those with short-range forces where the neighbors of each atom change rapidly. They can be implemented on any distributed-memory parallel machine which allows for message-passing of data between independently executing processors. The algorithms are tested on a standard Lennard-Jones benchmark problem for system sizes ranging from 500 to 100,000,000 atoms on several parallel supercomputers--the nCUBE 2, Intel iPSC/860 and Paragon, and Cray T3D. Comparing the results to the fastest reported vectorized Cray Y-MP and C90 algorithm shows that the current generation of parallel machines is competitive with conventional vector supercomputers even for small problems. For large problems, the spatial algorithm achieves parallel efficiencies of 90% and a 1840-node Intel Paragon performs up to 165 faster than a single Cray C9O processor. Trade-offs between the three algorithms and guidelines for adapting them to more complex molecular dynamics simulations are also discussed.

29,323 citations

01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: In this article, the authors deal with the dynamic ASPECTS of the sub-subject: MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS of systems SUBJECTED to INDEPENDENT VIBRATIONS by means of MATHEATICAL MODELS.
Abstract: PART 1 DEALS WITH THE DYNAMIC ASPECTS OF THE SUBJECT: MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF SYSTEMS SUBJECTED TO INDEPENDENT VIBRATIONS BY MEANS OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS. THE ANALYTICAL SYSTEMS USED ARE NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS, HYDRODYNAMICS AND NUMERICAL METHODS. PART 2 EXAMINES SEISMIC MOVEMENTS, THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF STRUCTURES AND THE BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE SEISMIC DESIGN OF STRUCTURES.

675 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the history, benefits, applications, and possible executive problems of using different types of natural and/or synthetic fibers in soil reinforcement through reference to published scientific data are reviewed.

577 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the onset and evolution of localised deformation processes in sand with grain-scale resolution was observed and quantified by combining state-of-the-art X-ray micro tomography imaging with 3D volumetric digital image correlation techniques.
Abstract: The objective of this work was to observe and quantify the onset and evolution of localised deformation processes in sand with grain-scale resolution. The key element of the proposed approach is combining state-of-the-art X-ray micro tomography imaging with three-dimensional volumetric digital image correlation techniques. This allows not only the grain-scale details of a deforming sand specimen to be viewed, but also, and more importantly, the evolving three-dimensional displacement and strain fields throughout loading to be assessed. X-ray imaging and digital image correlation have been in the past applied individually to study sand deformation, but the combination of these two methods to study the kinematics of shear band formation at the grain scale is the first novel aspect of this work. Moreover, the authors have developed a completely original grain-scale volumetric digital image correlation method that permits the characterisation of the full kinematics (i.e. three-dimensional displacements and rotations) of all the individual sand grains in a specimen. The results obtained using the discrete volumetric digital image correlation confirm the importance of grain rotations associated with strain localisation.

503 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the different approaches as found in literature over the last 25 years is critically reviewed and the calibration of specific parameters discussed, with the aim to work towards a more standardised and validated approach.

411 citations