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Showing papers by "Ernst Detlef Schulze published in 2017"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results from the Jena Experiment provide further evidence that diversity begets stability, for example stability against invasion of plant species, but unexpectedly some results also suggested the opposite, e.g. when plant communities experience severe perturbations or elevated resource availability.

266 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that the biogenic methane (13C ≤ −71‰) which formed before and during soil freezing is presently held in the permafrost, and that depending on the soil structure and freezing dynamics, this methane may have been displaced downwards tens of meters during freezing and accumulated in the lithological pockets.
Abstract: Evidences of highly localized methane fluxes are reported from the Arctic shelf, hot spots of methane emissions in thermokarst lakes, and are believed to evolve to features like Yamal crater on land. The origin of large methane outbursts is problematic. Here we show, that the biogenic methane (13C ≤ −71‰) which formed before and during soil freezing is presently held in the permafrost. Field and experimental observations show that methane tends to accumulate at the permafrost table or in the coarse-grained lithological pockets surrounded by the sediments less-permeable for gas. Our field observations, radiocarbon dating, laboratory tests and theory all suggest that depending on the soil structure and freezing dynamics, this methane may have been displaced downwards tens of meters during freezing and has accumulated in the lithological pockets. The initial flux of methane from the one pocket disclosed by drilling was at a rate of more than 2.5 kg C(CH4) m−2 h−1. The age of the methane was 8–18 thousand years younger than the age of the sediments, suggesting that it was displaced tens of meters during freezing. The theoretical background provided the insight on the cryogenic displacement of methane in support of the field and experimental data. Upon freezing of sediments, methane follows water migration and either dissipates in the freezing soils or concentrates at certain places controlled by the freezing rate, initial methane distribution and soil structure.

27 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: On a wood volume basis, deciduous trees unse more stem water than water-storing trees and water de pletion per wood weight is significantly correlated with the specific wood weight.
Abstract: The maximum water content, the relative water content and the water depletion of wood were studied in 41 species of a tropical deciduous forest during the dry season Ther is a significant correlation between the maximum water content and the specific wood weight Also, water de pletion per wood weight is significantly correlated with the specific wood weight On a wood volume basis, deciduous trees unse more stem water than water-storing trees These data are discussed with respect to the dominance of life forms in this forest type

19 citations


DOI
28 Sep 2017
TL;DR: The FLUXNET dataset as mentioned in this paper is a global network of micrometeorological tower sites that use eddy covariance methods to measure the exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere.
Abstract: FLUXNET is a global network of micrometeorological tower sites that use eddy covariance methods to measure the exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. This dataset provides information from the ORNL DAAC-hosted FLUXNET site database which was discontinued in 2016. The files provided contain a list of investigators associated with each tower site, site locations and environmental data, and a bibliography of papers that used FLUXNET data. For more up to date information on FLUXNET sites, see http://fluxnet.fluxdata.org/.

10 citations


01 Sep 2017
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors focus on the Auswirkungen der Waldbewirtschaftung auf die Biodiversitat in Mitteleuropa and stehen Buchenwalder aufgrund ihres gelegenen Verbreitungsschwerpunkts im Vordergrund der Diskussionen.
Abstract: Mit Ausnahme der Diskussionen zu den Auswirkungen zu hoher Schalenwilddichten wird in der Forstwirtschaft kaum ein Thema derzeit so leidenschaftlich diskutiert wie die Auswirkungen der Waldbewirtschaftung auf die Biodiversitat. Hierbei stehen Buchenwalder aufgrund ihres in Mitteleuropa gelegenen Verbreitungsschwerpunkts im Vordergrund der Diskussionen. Viele dieser Debatten munden letztlich in der Frage, ob und wenn ja wie viel der bislang bewirtschafteten Waldflache uber die bisher vorhandenen Naturwaldflachen hinaus aus der Nutzung genommen werden sollte.

1 citations