Author
Ernst Detlef Schulze
Other affiliations: University of Idaho, University of Utah, University of Würzburg ...read more
Bio: Ernst Detlef Schulze is an academic researcher from Max Planck Society. The author has contributed to research in topics: Biodiversity & Ecosystem. The author has an hindex of 133, co-authored 670 publications receiving 69504 citations. Previous affiliations of Ernst Detlef Schulze include University of Idaho & University of Utah.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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University of Würzburg1, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation2, Technische Universität München3, Munich University of Applied Sciences4, University of Göttingen5, University of Marburg6, Bavarian Forest National Park7, Goethe University Frankfurt8, University of Oldenburg9, University of Bern10, University of Freiburg11, University of Zurich12, Max Planck Society13, Technische Universität Darmstadt14
TL;DR: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
2 citations
01 Jan 2001
2 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give an overview of the change of the German flora over time with special emphasis on species growing in forest habitats and present conflicts between forest management and nature protection.
Abstract: Die Arbeit gibt einen Uberblick uber die zeitliche Entwicklung der Flora in Deutschland mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der an Waldstandorte gebundenen Arten. Die Zahl der Pflanzenarten hat uber die Zeit kontinulierlich zugenommen. Dies ist vor allem eine Folge der Landnutzung, durch die auch einige gefahrdete Arten erhalten werden. In forstlich bewirtschafteten Waldern ist der Pflanzenartenvielfalt groser in als in Waldern unter Naturschutz. Keine der obligaten Waldarten ist in den letzten 250 Jahren durch die Waldbewirtschaftung verloren gegangen. Fur Arten mit besonderen Habitat-Anspruchen sind alternative Schutzprogramme zu einer Nicht-Bewirtschaftung notig, um spezielle Lebensraume zu erhalten.
Conflicts between forest management and nature protection
This study gives an overview of the change of the German flora over time with special emphasis on species growing in forest habitats. As a consequence of land use plant species numbers have continually increased. Land management has also maintained some endangered plant species. The plant diversity of managed forests is higher than that of unmanaged forests. Not a single obligate forest species has gone extinct over the past 250 years of forest management, the time span of formal records. For organisms with special habitat requirements alternative protection measures other than non-management are needed to maintain these habitats.
2 citations
01 Jan 2005
2 citations
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TL;DR: The ecology of the Melancholy Thistle (Cirsium helenioides, Asteraceae) is presented in a series of three papers: Phytosociology and synecology, autecology and heterophylly, and herbivores of the thistle heads (ROMSTÖCK, part 3).
Abstract: The ecology of the Melancholy Thistle (Cirsium helenioides, Asteraceae) is presented in a series of three papers: Phytosociology and synecology (REIF and WEISKOPF, part 1); autecology and heterophylly (WEISKOPF, ROMSTÖCK, REIF and SCHULZE, part 2); herbivores of the thistle heads (ROMSTÖCK, part 3). This first paper describes morphology, phenology, distribution, phytosociology and ecology of Cirsium helenioides. The areas studied are in the Fichtelgebirge and Frankenwald, Oberfranken, south-east Germany. In this area, the thistle occurs in grassland communities of the montane belt. Cirsium helenioides was found in 11 different plant communities above c. 550 m. Between 550 and 650 m, it was found most frequently in more nutrient-rich meadows, mainly in Geranio-Trisetetum, less frequently in Calthioncommunities and in a ,Poa-Trisetum-commumty\\ At higher altitudes, above c. 650 m, less nutrient-rich communities are more frequent; the thistle frequently was found also in these. Because of low fidelity, an association „Polygono-Cirsietum heterophylli” (Calth ion) cannot be established, at least in Oberfranken. But, this species may be used for geographical differentiation. Important site factors of the different plant communities with Cirsium helenioides were compared, using the indicator values (ELLENBERG 1974) of all species. The accompanying species indicate that 101 ©Floristisch-soziologische Arbeitsgemeinschaft; www.tuexenia.de; download unter www.zobodat.at
2 citations
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TL;DR: Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols used xiii 1.
Abstract: Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201
14,171 citations
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Western Washington University1, University of Alaska Fairbanks2, United States Forest Service3, University of Zurich4, Centre national de la recherche scientifique5, Natural Environment Research Council6, University of Notre Dame7, École Normale Supérieure8, Columbia University9, University of Helsinki10, United States Geological Survey11, University of Michigan12, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences13, Landcare Research14
TL;DR: Understanding this complexity, while taking strong steps to minimize current losses of species, is necessary for responsible management of Earth's ecosystems and the diverse biota they contain.
Abstract: Humans are altering the composition of biological communities through a variety of activities that increase rates of species invasions and species extinctions, at all scales, from local to global. These changes in components of the Earth's biodiversity cause concern for ethical and aesthetic reasons, but they also have a strong potential to alter ecosystem properties and the goods and services they provide to humanity. Ecological experiments, observations, and theoretical developments show that ecosystem properties depend greatly on biodiversity in terms of the functional characteristics of organisms present in the ecosystem and the distribution and abundance of those organisms over space and time. Species effects act in concert with the effects of climate, resource availability, and disturbance regimes in influencing ecosystem properties. Human activities can modify all of the above factors; here we focus on modification of these biotic controls. The scientific community has come to a broad consensus on many aspects of the re- lationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, including many points relevant to management of ecosystems. Further progress will require integration of knowledge about biotic and abiotic controls on ecosystem properties, how ecological communities are struc- tured, and the forces driving species extinctions and invasions. To strengthen links to policy and management, we also need to integrate our ecological knowledge with understanding of the social and economic constraints of potential management practices. Understanding this complexity, while taking strong steps to minimize current losses of species, is necessary for responsible management of Earth's ecosystems and the diverse biota they contain.
6,891 citations
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TL;DR: A doubling in global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses huge challenges for the sustainability both of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide to society.
Abstract: A doubling in global food demand projected for the next 50 years poses huge challenges for the sustainability both of food production and of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and the services they provide to society. Agriculturalists are the principal managers of global useable lands and will shape, perhaps irreversibly, the surface of the Earth in the coming decades. New incentives and policies for ensuring the sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services will be crucial if we are to meet the demands of improving yields without compromising environmental integrity or public health.
6,569 citations
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Macquarie University1, University of Minnesota2, Stanford University3, Simón Bolívar University4, Wageningen University and Research Centre5, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center6, University of Alaska Fairbanks7, VU University Amsterdam8, University of Zurich9, Centre national de la recherche scientifique10, Curtin University11, Tohoku University12, University of Wisconsin–Eau Claire13, Landcare Research14, University of Concepción15, University of Cape Town16, University of Tartu17, Polish Academy of Sciences18, University of Tokyo19, Utrecht University20, University of Western Australia21, Charles Darwin University22, Ural State University23, University of Toronto24, Texas A&M University25, University of Córdoba (Spain)26
TL;DR: Reliable quantification of the leaf economics spectrum and its interaction with climate will prove valuable for modelling nutrient fluxes and vegetation boundaries under changing land-use and climate.
Abstract: Bringing together leaf trait data spanning 2,548 species and 175 sites we describe, for the first time at global scale, a universal spectrum of leaf economics consisting of key chemical, structural and physiological properties. The spectrum runs from quick to slow return on investments of nutrients and dry mass in leaves, and operates largely independently of growth form, plant functional type or biome. Categories along the spectrum would, in general, describe leaf economic variation at the global scale better than plant functional types, because functional types overlap substantially in their leaf traits. Overall, modulation of leaf traits and trait relationships by climate is surprisingly modest, although some striking and significant patterns can be seen. Reliable quantification of the leaf economics spectrum and its interaction with climate will prove valuable for modelling nutrient fluxes and vegetation boundaries under changing land-use and climate.
6,360 citations
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01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: In this article, the physical and enzymatic bases of carbone isotope discrimination during photosynthesis were discussed, noting how knowledge of discrimination can be used to provide additional insight into photosynthetic metabolism and the environmental influences on that process.
Abstract: We discuss the physical and enzymatic bases of carbone isotope discrimination during photosynthesis, noting how knowledge of discrimination can be used to provide additional insight into photosynthetic metabolism and the environmental influences on that process
6,246 citations