Esteban Andrés Abbona

Bio: Esteban Andrés Abbona is an academic researcher from National University of La Plata. The author has contributed to research in topics: Physics & Floodplain. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 11 publications receiving 76 citations. Previous affiliations of Esteban Andrés Abbona include National Scientific and Technical Research Council.

El uso de indicadores en la evaluación de sistemas agrícolas con un enfoque agroecológico: el caso de los viñateros de berisso, argentina

Abstract: El logro de un desarrollo sustentable requiere de sistemas agricolas sustentables, para lo cual, son necesarios mecanismos de evaluacion en tal sentido. Se analiza el uso de indicadores como herramienta para evaluar la sustentabilidad ecologica, aplicado dentro de un marco metodologico con enfoque agroecologico, y utilizado en los sistemas agricolas de vid en Berisso, Argentina. Palabras clave: agroecologia, agricultura sustentable, indicadores, sustentabilidad.

Uso de agroquímicos en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina: las consecuencias de un modelo agropecuario

Abstract: The use of agrochemicals in extensive systems (agriculture and livestock) and intensive systems (horticulture, floriculture and fruit production) were evaluated taking into account different regions and cropping patterns, at the request of the Ombudsman of the Buenos Aires Province. It was found that the amount and timing of agrochemicals application were in relationship to the activity (livestock, extensive farming, horticulture, floriculture, fruit production) with different crops, and to the production style chosen. It is concluded that conventional production models, are inherently dangerous, signaling the possibility of a potential risk to human health and damage to the environment in areas or regions with the highest proportion of these systems.

Semillas y saberes de los agricultores familiares. ¿Cuál es el rol de las ferias de intercambio en su reproducción y conservación?

Abstract: Una de las vias de ingreso de semillas a los agroecosistemas familiares proviene de ferias de intercambio. El interes por el estudio de dichas ferias ha permitido conocer y documentar tanto las semillas como saberes que circulan en las mismas. Sin embargo, el seguimiento en las quintas de las semillas intercambiadas es una deuda. Aun se desconoce si los agricultores familiares logran incorporar a sus producciones las semillas intercambiadas, los impedimentos que encuentran y los valores y sentidos que dan a esa diversidad una vez incorporada a sus quintas. Este trabajo indaga sobre estos aspectos tomando como referencia los intercambios ocurridos durante la I Feria Nacional de Semillas Nativas y Criollas “Sembrando Esperanza”. Se realizaron entrevistas semi-estructuradas a 9 agricultores familiares que participaron de este encuentro. Se relevo el material genetico intercambiado y se abordaron 5 ejes tematicos: saberes, destino de las semillas, conservacion, intercambio, soberania alimentaria. Los agricultores, realizaron en promedio 7 intercambios y se relevaron 61 muestras de semillas, cuyo destino principal fue la alimentacion (90%). Sembraron el 93% de las muestras alcanzando una reproduccion exitosa en el 79% de los casos. Los saberes compartidos por los agricultores se organizaron en categorias, siendo la principal el cultivo a campo y labores agronomicas. La vinculacion del libre acceso a semillas y saberes, la incorporacion de diversidad en las quintas, el elevado porcentaje de cultivos destinados a la alimentacion familiar y el exito en la reproduccion, refuerza la importancia de los encuentros de intercambio para fortalecer la independencia y soberania alimentaria de los agricultores familiares.

El balance simplificado de nutrientes como herramienta para evaluar la sustentabilidad del manejo de viñedos en berisso, argentina

Abstract: INTRODUCCION En la costa de Berisso, se realiza, desde principios de siglo XX, el cultivo de vid para la elaboracion de un vino artesanal. Los sistemas mas antiguos se ubican en las cercanias del Rio de la Plata, lo que determina que se inunden periodicamente durante las crecidas del mismo. Estos vinedos, poseen un sistema de drenaje compuesto por canales y zanjillos, que permite evacuar el agua. Se realiza una limpieza anual de los zanjillos y el producto de la misma se coloca al “pie” de las vides. Una caracteristica de estos sistemas, es que no se han fertilizado por decadas. A pesar de ello, los agricultores afirman que han mantenido una produccion estable. Se supone, que de alguna manera, estos vinedos tienen un flujo balanceado de nutrientes, requisito necesario para la sustentabilidad de los agroecosistemas (Gliessman, 2002). En esto, el Rio tendria un rol importante. En los ultimos anos, se estan implantando vinas nuevas, generalmente en una zona mas alta, donde no llegan las crecidas del Rio. A pesar de las diferencias ecologicas entre sistemas, los agricultores de esta zona replican el manejo de los sistemas de zona baja, el cual se desarrollo en coevolucion con el medio para esas condiciones, trasmitido por varias generaciones (100 anos). Sin embargo, la replicacion de ciertas tecnicas, sin conocer los principios por los cuales funcionan, puede generar, cuando se trasladan a otras condiciones ecologicas, problemas para la sustentabilidad de los sistemas. La falta de una vision sistemica en el manejo de los agroecosistemas impide la visualizacion de los flujos de nutrientes que intervienen en el funcionamiento de los mismos. En este sentido, los agricultores no perciben el rol del Rio en la dinamica de los nutrientes en los vinedos de zona baja. Esto conduciria a un agotamiento de los suelos de los sistemas altos, por una inadecuada reposicion de nutrientes (Stoorvogel, 2001), lo que implica una degradacion del capital natural. Resumos do II Congresso Brasileiro de Agroecologia

Nueva estrategia de integración de contenidos mediante la práctica profesional basada en la planificación de un establecimiento agropecuario

Abstract: Eje tematico 1: Problematicas y alternativas de mejora de la ensenanza e - Los enfoques y modalidades de integracion curricular

Modelling the effect of vegetation cover and different tillage practices on soil erosion in vineyards: a case study in vráble (slovakia) using watem/sedem

Abstract: Vineyards represent one of the most erosion-prone types of cultivated land. Because of this, cultivation practices are very important in reducing the soil erosion risk in vineyard regions. The aim of this paper was to assess the impact of various management practices on soil loss in vineyards. Effects of tillage, hoeing, rotavating and grass cover were evaluated in small vineyards located in southwestern Slovakia in the Vrable viticultural district. Erosion and deposition rates were estimated using the levelling method. This method is based on an evaluation of variability of the soil surface against vineyard poles measured between the year of pole insertion and the year of measurement. On the basis of the measured data, a WATEM/SEDEM distributed soil erosion model was calibrated, and the total soil loss from the vineyards under different management conditions was estimated. The model shows rather good performance in modelling soil erosion, but at the same time, it shows lower reliability in modelling soil deposition. Downslope tilled vineyards were the most eroded; the erosion in rotavated vineyards is somewhat reduced. The most protective tillage system is hoeing. Considerably lower soil loss was estimated with the use of vegetation cover between vine rows, which is in accordance with agro-environmental schemes supporting use of grass cover as an erosion prevention measure in vineyards. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An overview of the recent approaches to terroir functional modelling, footprinting and zoning

Abstract: Notions of terroir and their conceptualization through agro-environmental sciences have become popular in many parts of world. Originally developed for wine, terroir now encompasses many other crops in- cluding fruits, vegetables, cheese, olive oil, coffee, cacao and other crops, linking the uniqueness and quality of both beverages and foods to the environment where they are produced, giving the consumer a sense of place. Climate, geology, geomorphology and soil are the main environmental factors which make up the terroir ef- fect on different scales. Often considered immutable culturally, the natural components of terroir are actually a set of processes, which together create a delicate equilibrium and regulation of its effect on products in both space and time. Due to both a greater need to better understand regional-to-site variations in crop production and the growth in spatial analytic technologies, the study of terroir has shifted from a largely descriptive regional science to a more applied, technical research field. Furthermore, the explosion of spatial data availability and sensing technologies has made the within-field scale of study more valuable to the individual grower. The result has been greater adoption of these technologies but also issues associated with both the spatial and temporal scales required for practical applications, as well as the relevant approaches for data synthesis. Moreover, as soil microbial communities are known to be of vital importance for terrestrial processes by driving the major soil geochemical cycles and supporting healthy plant growth, an intensive investigation of the microbial organiza- tion and their function is also required. Our objective is to present an overview of existing data and modelling approaches for terroir functional modelling, footprinting and zoning on local and regional scales. This review will focus on two main areas of recent terroir research: (1) using new tools to unravel the biogeochemical cy- cles of both macro- and micronutrients, the biological and chemical signatures of terroirs (i.e. the metagenomic approach and regional fingerprinting); (2) terroir zoning on different scales: mapping terroirs and using remote- and proxy-sensing technologies to monitor soil quality and manage the crop system for better food quality. Both implementations of terroir chemical and biological footprinting and geospatial technologies are promising for the management of terroir units, particularly the remote and proxy data in conjunction with spatial statistics. Indeed, the managed zones will be updatable and the effects of viticultural and/or soil management practices might be easier to control. The prospect of facilitated terroir spatial monitoring makes it possible to address another great challenge in the years to come: the issue of terroir sustainability and the construction of efficient soil/viticultural management strategies that can be assessed and applied across numerous scales.