Author
Estelle Balbon
Bio: Estelle Balbon is an academic researcher from Centre national de la recherche scientifique. The author has contributed to research in topics: Ice sheet & Glacial period. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 4 publications receiving 1783 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, robust regressions were established between relative sea-level (RSL) data and benthic foraminifera oxygen isotopic ratios from the North Atlantic and Equatorial Pacific Ocean over the last climatic cycle.
1,908 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the penultimate termination of the last deglaciation was studied with focus on oceanographic changes in the eastern Nordic Seas and the influence of these changes on the surrounding ice sheets and vice versa.
36 citations
TL;DR: In the mid-latitudes of the North Atlantic Ocean, six large iceberg surges, called Heinrich events, have been recognized between 60 and 10 kyr BP as discussed by the authors, which are characterised by meltwater events associated with iceberg discharges from both the Laurentide and the Fennoscandian-Greenland ice sheets.
33 citations
01 Jan 1999
TL;DR: The north Atlantic ocean is involved in the rapid climatic changes observed during glacial times as discussed by the authors, and many paleoclimatic indicators, from surface hydrological reconstructions, to deep water chemistry proxies, clearly indicate that major reorganizations of the Atlantic happened together with, and to some extent are probably responsible for, abrupt climatic shifts recorded in Greenland ice, but also in many marine and continental sites around the world.
Abstract: The north Atlantic ocean is involved in the rapid climatic changes observed during glacial times. Indeed, many paleoclimatic indicators, from surface hydrological reconstructions, to deep water chemistry proxies, clearly indicate that major reorganizations of the Atlantic happened together with, and to some extent are probably responsible for the abrupt climatic shifts recorded in Greenland ice, but also in many marine and continental sites around the world.
4 citations
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TL;DR: The responses of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres differed significantly, which reveals how the evolution of specific ice sheets affected sea level and provides insight into how insolation controlled the deglaciation.
Abstract: We used 5704 14C, 10Be, and 3He ages that span the interval from 10,000 to 50,000 years ago (10 to 50 ka) to constrain the timing of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in terms of global ice-sheet and mountain-glacier extent. Growth of the ice sheets to their maximum positions occurred between 33.0 and 26.5 ka in response to climate forcing from decreases in northern summer insolation, tropical Pacific sea surface temperatures, and atmospheric CO2. Nearly all ice sheets were at their LGM positions from 26.5 ka to 19 to 20 ka, corresponding to minima in these forcings. The onset of Northern Hemisphere deglaciation 19 to 20 ka was induced by an increase in northern summer insolation, providing the source for an abrupt rise in sea level. The onset of deglaciation of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet occurred between 14 and 15 ka, consistent with evidence that this was the primary source for an abrupt rise in sea level ~14.5 ka.
2,691 citations
TL;DR: An undisturbed climate record from a North Greenland ice core, which extends back to 123,000 years before the present, within the last interglacial period, shows a slow decline in temperatures that marked the initiation of the last glacial period.
Abstract: High-resolution record of Northern Hemisphere climate extending into the last interglacial period
2,522 citations
TL;DR: From ∼1,000 observations of sea level, allowing for isostatic and tectonic contributions, this work quantified the rise and fall in global ocean and ice volumes for the past 35,000 years and provides new constraints on the fluctuation of ice volume in this interval.
Abstract: The major cause of sea-level change during ice ages is the exchange of water between ice and ocean and the planet's dynamic response to the changing surface load. Inversion of ∼1,000 observations for the past 35,000 y from localities far from former ice margins has provided new constraints on the fluctuation of ice volume in this interval. Key results are: (i) a rapid final fall in global sea level of ∼40 m in <2,000 y at the onset of the glacial maximum ∼30,000 y before present (30 ka BP); (ii) a slow fall to -134 m from 29 to 21 ka BP with a maximum grounded ice volume of ∼52 × 10(6) km(3) greater than today; (iii) after an initial short duration rapid rise and a short interval of near-constant sea level, the main phase of deglaciation occurred from ∼16.5 ka BP to ∼8.2 ka BP at an average rate of rise of 12 m⋅ka(-1) punctuated by periods of greater, particularly at 14.5-14.0 ka BP at ≥40 mm⋅y(-1) (MWP-1A), and lesser, from 12.5 to 11.5 ka BP (Younger Dryas), rates; (iv) no evidence for a global MWP-1B event at ∼11.3 ka BP; and (v) a progressive decrease in the rate of rise from 8.2 ka to ∼2.5 ka BP, after which ocean volumes remained nearly constant until the renewed sea-level rise at 100-150 y ago, with no evidence of oscillations exceeding ∼15-20 cm in time intervals ≥200 y from 6 to 0.15 ka BP.
1,558 citations
TL;DR: A hydraulic model of the water exchange between the Red Sea and the world ocean is used to derive the sill depth—and hence global sea level—over the past 470,000 years, finding that sea-level changes of up to 35 m occurred, coincident with abrupt changes in climate.
Abstract: The last glacial cycle was characterized by substantial millennial-scale climate fluctuations1,2,3,4,5, but the extent of any associated changes in global sea level (or, equivalently, ice volume) remains elusive. Highstands of sea level can be reconstructed from dated fossil coral reef terraces6,7, and these data are complemented by a compilation of global sea-level estimates based on deep-sea oxygen isotope ratios at millennial-scale resolution8 or higher1. Records based on oxygen isotopes, however, contain uncertainties in the range of ±30 m, or ±1 °C in deep sea temperature9,10. Here we analyse oxygen isotope records from Red Sea sediment cores to reconstruct the history of water residence times in the Red Sea. We then use a hydraulic model of the water exchange between the Red Sea and the world ocean to derive the sill depth—and hence global sea level—over the past 470,000 years (470 kyr). Our reconstruction is accurate to within ±12 m, and gives a centennial-scale resolution from 70 to 25 kyr before present. We find that sea-level changes of up to 35 m, at rates of up to 2 cm yr-1, occurred, coincident with abrupt changes in climate.
1,485 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that, for time scales relevant to anthropogenic warming, the rate of sea-level rise is roughly proportional to the magnitude of warming above the temperatures of the pre–Industrial Age, with a proportionality constant of 3.4 millimeters/year per °C.
Abstract: A semi-empirical relation is presented that connects global sea-level rise to global mean surface temperature. It is proposed that, for time scales relevant to anthropogenic warming, the rate of sea-level rise is roughly proportional to the magnitude of warming above the temperatures of the pre–Industrial Age. This holds to good approximation for temperature and sea-level changes during the 20th century, with a proportionality constant of 3.4 millimeters/year per °C. When applied to future warming scenarios of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, this relationship results in a projected sea-level rise in 2100 of 0.5 to 1.4 meters above the 1990 level.
1,433 citations