Showing papers by "Eve Chiapello published in 2016"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors define three periods associated with conventional calculation systems that may shape investment decisions: the actuarial convention at the end of the 19th century, the mean-variance convention during the 1970s, and the marketconsistent convention since the 1990s.
Abstract: »Die drei Perioden der finanztechnischen Quantifizierung: ein konventionentheoretischer Ansatz zur Analyse der finanztechnischen Metrologie«. This article presents a conventionalist interpretation of the financialization of the economy. We define three periods, each one associated with conventional calculation systems that may shape investment decisions. Each of these periods begins with the adoption by financial practitioners of a new “convention” to make investment decisions: the actuarial convention at the end of the 19th century, the mean-variance convention during the 1970s, and the marketconsistent convention since the 1990s. These conventions are rooted in finance theory developments and are associated with different financing circuits for economic activity. When a new convention arises, it does not mean the disappearance of the old one, which can still be used by some practitioners for certain given matters, but it can also redefine some financial professions by fragmenting them according to the convention followed, and it can finally also give rise to new professions.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the tensions entre l'utilisation d'indicateurs and l'exercice du pouvoir, en soulignant l'ambivalence of cette relation, le chiffre etant tantot craint, tantot desire.
Abstract: Aussi bien dans les Etats qu’au niveau international, il est devenu courant de s’appuyer sur des indicateurs pour fixer des objectifs quantifies et evaluer l’evolution de l’action publique et des fonctionnements administratifs. La recherche en sciences sociales qui traite du developpement des indicateurs de performance est abondante et releve de traditions intellectuelles variees. Beaucoup assimilent ce mouvement a une composante du tournant neo-liberal et a une manifestation du New Public Management. Ce dossier explore les tensions entre l’utilisation d’indicateurs et l’exercice du pouvoir, en soulignant l’ambivalence de cette relation, le chiffre etant tantot craint, tantot desire. Trois dimensions interdependantes sont distinguees pour analyser le gouvernement par les indicateurs : les enjeux de savoir, les logiques de pouvoir et les formes de publicisation qui leur sont associees. Les quatre textes rassembles portent principalement sur le suivi des resultats de politiques publiques, nationales ou internationales, abordes par des auteurs relevant de plusieurs disciplines. Ils rappellent que l’elaboration d’indicateurs participe de la construction des problemes publics pris en charge. Ils confirment l’interet des analyses qui prennent au serieux d’une part la fabrication des nombres et les conventions de calcul retenues et, d’autre part, les dispositifs de gouvernement dans lesquels ils s’inscrivent. Enfin, ils montrent que le gouvernement par les indicateurs debouche sur des formes nouvelles de bureaucratisation.
16 citations
01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: In this paper, the contribution of IFRS to the process of financialization of capitalism can be analyzed from several angles, such as a process of morphological transformation of capitalism, and a gradual colonisation by specific "financialised" techniques and calculation methods.
Abstract: The contribution of IFRS to the process of financialization of capitalism can be analysed from several angles. We first propose two meanings that can be assigned to the concept of financialization: first as a process of morphological transformation of capitalism, and second as a gradual colonisation by specific “financialised” techniques and calculation methods. We then show that in many respects IFRS can be regarded as “financialised” standards. Finally we highlight some contributions of IFRS to the morphological transformation of capitalism (that is changes in distribution of wealth and power). As a result, IFRS can be seen as much financialised as financialising standards.
16 citations