Everett E. Gilbert

Bio: Everett E. Gilbert is an academic researcher from United States Department of the Army. The author has contributed to research in topics: Hexanitrostilbene & Detonator. The author has an hindex of 8, co-authored 28 publications receiving 183 citations.

Alternative Procedures for Preparing HMX

Abstract: Three new procedures are described for preparing HMX from hexamine, each involving acetylation followed by nitrolysis. One of these — involving DADN as intermediate — gives a better yield of HMX than the established Bachmann process on the basis of hexamine and acetic anhydride, but involves the use of sulfuric and polyphosphoric acids, which are not required in the Bachmann approach. It was shown that DADN can be produced rapidly and continuously on a pilot scale in good yields, and that spent acid recovery involves no unusual problems.

Destruction of waste explosive by hydrogenolysis

Abstract: A method for destroying organic explosives, such as RDX and HMX, by hydroolysis comprises contacting liquors containing waste explosive, produced in the manufacture and processing of the explosives, with hydrogen in the presence of a heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst, such as nickel-on-kieselguhr, for a sufficient period to destroy the explosives. The method is simple and economic and destroys the explosives, which are considered to be toxic, hazardous and non-biodegradable in soil and hence are not amenable to landfill or discharge into rivers etc., thereby eliminating or reducing the attendant pollution problems to acceptable levels.

Process for preparing 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane

Abstract: 1,3,5,7-TETRANITRO-1,3,5,7-TETRAAZACYLOOCTANE IS PREPARED BY NITROLYSIS OF A 1,3,5,7-TETRAACYL-1,3,5,7-TETRAAZACYLOOCTANE OR A 1,5-DIACYL-3,7-DINITRO11,3,5,7-TETRAAZACYCLOOCATNE WITH NITROGEN PENTOXIDE

Continuous process for concurrent production of dinitrotoluene and high-strength nitric acid

Abstract: Dinitrotoluene and nitric acid are concurrently produced by continuously roducing toluene, nitrogen dioxide and oxygen in a molar ratio of at least 4 mols nitrogen dioxide and 1 mol oxygen per mol toluene into a reaction zone containing a reaction medium comprising dinitrotoluene and 93-103% nitric acid, maintaining the resulting mixture of toluene, nitrogen dioxide, oxygen and reaction medium under a pressure of at least 100 psig and at a temperature up to about 100° C. until a reaction product containing dinitrotoluene and 93-103% nitric acid in the ratio of about 1 mol dinitrobenzene and 2 mols nitric acid is produced, and continuously removing said reaction product from the reaction zone.

Synthesis of multimeric MR contrast agents for cellular imaging.

Abstract: We have prepared a series of molecular multimeric MR contrast agents for cell labeling that are easy to synthesize, relatively low molecular weight, and biocompatible. The relaxivities of the agents range from 17 to 85 mM(-1) s(-1). Cellular uptake is concentration dependent and viability is excellent. MR images of cell pellets reveal a marked increase in observed signal intensity.

Computational Studies on Polynitrohexaazaadmantanes as Potential High Energy Density Materials

Abstract: Polynitrohexaazaadamantanes (PNHAAs) have been the subject of much recent research because of their potential as high energy density materials (HEDMs). The B3LYP/6-31G* method was employed to evaluate the heats of formation (HOFs) for PNHAAs by designing isodesmic reactions. The HOFs are found to be correlative with the number (n) and the space orientations of nitro groups. Detonation velocities (D) and detonation pressures (P) were estimated for PNHAAs by using the well-known Kamlet−Jacobs equations, based on the theoretical densities (ρ) and HOFs. It is found that D and P increase as n ranges from 1 to 6, and PNHAAs with 4−6 nitro groups meet the criteria of an HEDM. When n is over 6, ρ of PNHAAs slightly increases; however, the chemical energy of detonation (Q) decreases so greatly that both D and P decrease. The calculations on bond dissociation energies suggest that the N−N bond be the trigger bond during the pyrolysis initiation process of each PNHAA, and with increasing n, N−N bond dissociation ene...

Theoretical studies on the vibrational spectra, thermodynamic properties, detonation properties, and pyrolysis mechanisms for polynitroadamantanes.

Abstract: To look for high energy density materials (HEDM), the relationships between the structures and the performances of polynitroadamantanes (PNAs) were studied. The assigned infrared spectra of PNAs obtained at the density functional theory (DFT) B3LYP/6-31G* level were used to compute the thermodynamic properties on the basis of the principle of statistical thermodynamics. The thermodynamic properties are linearly related with the number of nitro groups as well as with the temperatures. Detonation properties of PNAs were evaluated by using the Kamlet-Jacobs equation based on the calculated densities and heats of formation for titled compounds, and it is found that only when the number of nitro groups of PNA is equal to or more than eight can it be possible for PNAs to be used as HEDMs. The relative stabilities of PNAs were studied by the pyrolysis mechanism using the UHF-PM3 method. The homolysis of the C-NO 2 bond is predicted to be the initial step of thermal decomposition. The activation energies (E a ) for the homolysis decrease with the number of nitro groups being increased on the whole. The stability order of dinitroadamantane isomers derived from the interactions among nitro groups is consistent with what is determined by E a . The relations between the E a 's and the electronic structure parameters were discussed. In combination with the stability, PNA (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10-) is recommended as the target of HEDM with insensitivity.