Author
F. Bulos
Other affiliations: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley
Bio: F. Bulos is an academic researcher from Stanford University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Electron–positron annihilation & Annihilation. The author has an hindex of 18, co-authored 19 publications receiving 2928 citations. Previous affiliations of F. Bulos include Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory & University of California, Berkeley.
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, a very sharp peak was observed in the cross section of the Hadron at a center-of-mass energy of 3105 ± 3.3 GeV.
Abstract: We have observed a very sharp peak in the cross section for ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{hadrons}, {e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}$, and possibly ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ at a center-of-mass energy of 3105\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0003 GeV The upper limit to the full width at half-maximum is 13 MeV
1,008 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have found events of the form {e}+}+{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuredmath{\rightarrow}{e]^{\ifmmode\pm\p\else\textpm\fi{}}+{\ensemblemath{\mu}}^{\enuremath{\mp}}+\mathrm{missing}energy}$, in which no other charged particles or photons are detected.
Abstract: We have found events of the form ${e}^{+}+{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}+{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{\mp}}+\mathrm{missing}\mathrm{energy}$, in which no other charged particles or photons are detected. Most of these events are detected at or above a center-of-mass energy of 4 GeV. The missing-energy and missing-momentum spectra require that at least two additional particles be produced in each event. We have no conventional explanation for these events.
717 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the jet-axis angular distribution integrated over azimuthal angle is proportional to $1+(0.78 + 0.12) + 1.78.
Abstract: We have found evidence for jet structure in ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{hadrons}$ at center-of-mass energies of 6.2 and 7.4 GeV. At 7.4 GeV the jet-axis angular distribution integrated over azimuthal angle was determined to be proportional to $1+(0.78\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.12){cos}^{2}\ensuremath{\theta}$.
323 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a second sharp peak was observed in the cross section of the Hadron at a center-of-mass energy of 3695 GeV at half-maximum.
Abstract: We have observed a second sharp peak in the cross section for ${e}^{+}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\mathrm{hadrons}$ at a center-of-mass energy of 3695\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0004 GeV The upper limit of the full width at half-maximum is 27 MeV
216 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the properties of 105 events of the form e + + e − → e + − + μ ∓ + missing energy, in which no other charged particles or photons are detected.
103 citations
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TL;DR: This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics, using data from previous editions.
12,798 citations
Technische Universität München1, Novosibirsk State University2, Cornell University3, University of California, Davis4, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory5, Argonne National Laboratory6, Fermilab7, Florida State University8, Indiana University9, Brookhaven National Laboratory10, Wayne State University11, University of Paris-Sud12, GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research13, Ohio State University14, University of Regensburg15, University of Ferrara16, Polish Academy of Sciences17, University of Bari18, Max Planck Society19, Lancaster University20, Peking University21, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility22, University of Auvergne23, University of Cincinnati24, Stanford University25, University of Alberta26, Forschungszentrum Jülich27, University of Hawaii28, Illinois Institute of Technology29, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory30, École Polytechnique31, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics32, CERN33, Université catholique de Louvain34, Pratt Institute35, University of São Paulo36, Seoul National University37, Tsinghua University38, Stony Brook University39, University of Valencia40, University of Milan41, Tohoku University42, University of Minnesota43
TL;DR: The early years of this period were chronicled in the Quarkonium Working Group (QWG) CERN Yellow Report (YR) in 2004, which presented a comprehensive review of the status of the field at that time and provided specific recommendations for further progress as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A golden age for heavy-quarkonium physics dawned a decade ago, initiated by the confluence of exciting advances in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and an explosion of related experimental activity. The early years of this period were chronicled in the Quarkonium Working Group (QWG) CERN Yellow Report (YR) in 2004, which presented a comprehensive review of the status of the field at that time and provided specific recommendations for further progress. However, the broad spectrum of subsequent breakthroughs, surprises, and continuing puzzles could only be partially anticipated. Since the release of the YR, the BESII program concluded only to give birth to BESIII; the B-factories and CLEO-c flourished; quarkonium production and polarization measurements at HERA and the Tevatron matured; and heavy-ion collisions at RHIC have opened a window on the deconfinement regime. All these experiments leave legacies of quality, precision, and unsolved mysteries for quarkonium physics, and therefore beg for continuing investigations at BESIII, the LHC, RHIC, FAIR, the Super Flavor and/or Tau-Charm factories, JLab, the ILC, and beyond. The list of newly found conventional states expanded to include h(c)(1P), chi(c2)(2P), B-c(+), and eta(b)(1S). In addition, the unexpected and still-fascinating X(3872) has been joined by more than a dozen other charmonium- and bottomonium-like "XYZ" states that appear to lie outside the quark model. Many of these still need experimental confirmation. The plethora of new states unleashed a flood of theoretical investigations into new forms of matter such as quark-gluon hybrids, mesonic molecules, and tetraquarks. Measurements of the spectroscopy, decays, production, and in-medium behavior of c (c) over bar, b (b) over bar, and b (c) over bar bound states have been shown to validate some theoretical approaches to QCD and highlight lack of quantitative success for others. Lattice QCD has grown from a tool with computational possibilities to an industrial-strength effort now dependent more on insight and innovation than pure computational power. New effective field theories for the description of quarkonium in different regimes have been developed and brought to a high degree of sophistication, thus enabling precise and solid theoretical predictions. Many expected decays and transitions have either been measured with precision or for the first time, but the confusing patterns of decays, both above and below open-flavor thresholds, endure and have deepened. The intriguing details of quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions that have emerged from RHIC have elevated the importance of separating hot- and cold-nuclear-matter effects in quark-gluon plasma studies. This review systematically addresses all these matters and concludes by prioritizing directions for ongoing and future efforts.
1,354 citations
1,177 citations
TL;DR: Recently, the LHCb Collaboration discovered two hidden-charm pentaquark states, which are also beyond the quark model as discussed by the authors, and investigated various theoretical interpretations of these candidates of the multiquark states.
1,083 citations