F. E. Wielgolaski

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used an enormous systematic phenological network data set of more than 125 000 observational series of 542 plant and 19 animal species in 21 European countries (1971-2000) and concluded that previously published results of phenological changes were not biased by reporting or publication predisposition.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the intercept with the temperature axis by merging the two least squares rectilinear regression lines that can be found between plant development and mean air temperature (from the estimated best starting date) at r=+1 or −1.

TL;DR: There seemed to be a tendency for plants that are particularly dependent on warm weather for leaf bud break, e.g. the ash (Fraxinus excelsior), and flowering, and flowering of Corylus, bluebell (Campanula rotundifolia) and red currant, to be less dependent on other environmental factors for their development.

TL;DR: The North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI) for January and February appeared to have some predictive power for the date of occurrence of the recorded phases, and may be that the oscillations described by the index are of importance for the fulfilment of physiological chilling requirements needed to break bud dormancy.

TL;DR: The clear conclusion of the present study is that various plant species react differently to various climatic factors ("phenological interception"), even in different phenophases within the same species, which means that the various species are best fitted to certain climatic regions and should preferably be planted there if other growth factors are satisfactory.