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F. S. Barbosa

Bio: F. S. Barbosa is an academic researcher from Universidade de Pernambuco. The author has contributed to research in topics: Schistosomiasis & Population. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 5 publications receiving 73 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A seven-year project for the control of schistosomiasis due to S. mansoni was launched in November 1960 in the small village of Pontezinha, county of Cabo, state of Pernambuco and shows that a successful degree of control has been achieved in the project area.
Abstract: A seven-year project for the control of schistosomiasis due to S. mansoni was launched in November 1960 in the small village of Pontezinha, county of Cabo, state of Pernambuco. Control measures were limited to environmental sanitation and a community health education programme. Human infection rates were progressively reduced in the project area. Surveys made in 1967 and 1968 show that a successful degree of control of schistosomiasis has been achieved in the project area. Studies on snail population dynamics and on natural infection of small mammals captured in the area were made. The average monthly cost of the project was US $1,402·00, or an equivalent of US $0·98 per month per protected person.

47 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cross-section studies on prevalence and morbidity of schistosomiasis mansoni are presented for the county of Sao Lourenco da Mata, state of Pernambuco, as part of a long term project which is being carried out in Northeastern Brazil.
Abstract: Cross-section studies on prevalence and morbidity of schistosomiasis mansoni are presented for the county of Sao Lourenco da Mata, state of Pernambuco, as part of a long term project which is being carried out in Northeastern Brazil. The survey was made in the City of Sao Lourenco da Mata and in 8 rural localities. Prevalence of Schistosomiasis and other helminth infections were very high. Hepato-splenic for ms varied from 1 to 2 per cent.

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Os autores apresentam, os resultados de um inquerito clinico-nutricional e antropometrico realizado no periodo 1965 a 1967, em 11.283 individuos residentes nas zonas rural e urbana of tres Estados do nordeste brasileiro, diferenca estatisticamente significante entre criancas exibindo ou nao doenca carencial
Abstract: Os autores apresentam, os resultados de um inquerito clinico-nutricional e antropometrico realizado no periodo 1965 a 1967, em 11.283 individuos residentes nas zonas rural e urbana de tres Estados do nordeste brasileiro (Alagcas, Rio Grande do Norte e Pernambuco), com o objetivo de estudar o estado nutricional de populacoes residentes em areas endemicas de Esquistossomose mansonica. Chamam a atencao para a frequencia relativamente baixa de manifestacoes clinicas de doencas carenciais, apesar de tratar-se de regiao cujos baixos padroes sociais e economicos sao bastante conhecidos, sugerindo que a maioria dos individuos deve apresentar deficiencia nutricional apenas a nivel bioquimico. Dentre os sinais de doenca, carencial pesquisados, foram registrados com maior frequencia: estomatite angular, cicatrizes das comissuras labiais, atrofia das papilas linguais, gengivite, dermatite seborreica naso-labial e dermatite pelagrosa. De um modo geral, as manifestacoes clinicas de doenca carencial pareciam incidir com maior frequencia entre os individuos parasitados pelo S. mansoni. embora nao tenham sido encontrados resultados estatisticamente significativos. Os niveis de hemoglobina, pesquisados apenas em populacao rural do Estado de Pernambuco (Municipio de Sao Lourenco), foram muito baixos, nao havendo, contudo, diferenca estatisticamente significante entre criancas exibindo manifestacoes clinicas de carencia duplamente parasitadas, e aquelas apenas portadoras de esquistossomose. Estudo antropometrico sumario, realizado no grupo etario de 1 a 12 anos. e baseado na tomada de pese e altura, nao revelou diferenca estatisticamente significativa, entre criancas exibindo ou nao doenca carencial, e/ou ccm e sem Esquistossomose, contrariando achados de outros autores, e para cuja explicacao pode ser invocado o pequeno numero de formas graves (hepato-esplenicas) encontradas no campo, nesse grupo de idade. Os resultados do presente trabalho, por tratar-se de estudo preliminar, nao permitem inferir conclusoes definitivas, perem reforcam a suposicao do provavel papel desempenhado pela desnutricao na evolucao da Esquistossomose mansonica, sugerindo a necessidade de continuacao desses estudos, para uma melhor compreensao dos aspectos nutricionais das relacoes hospedeiro-parasito, nessa helmintose.

9 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: No presente trabalho sao apresentados os resultados iniciais sobre a infeccao n a ­ tu ra l de roedores daquela regiao, esperan­ do os autores that esta breve comunicacao possa despertar o interesse de investiga­ dores sobre o im portan te problem a epidemiologico da identificacao de reservatorios.
Abstract: Com excecao dos estudos feitos no P a ­ ra (3, 4, 5), Ceara (1) e em Sao Paulo (2), nada m ais se conhece, no Pais, sobre a infeccao n a tu ra l de anim ais por L e ish m a n ia do tipo hum ano. Por sugestao do Prof. P. C. C. G arnham , du ran te sua visita aos trabalhos de inves­ tigacao sobre a peste que estao sendo de­ senvolvidos nos lim ites dos municipios Teresopolis-Nova Friburgo, os autores pas­ saram a exam inar sistem aticam ente os anim ais capturados, com vistas a pesqui­ sa de lesoes leishm anioticas. No presente trabalho sao apresentados os resultados iniciais sobre a infeccao n a ­ tu ra l de roedores daquela regiao, esperan­ do os autores que esta breve comunicacao possa despertar o interesse de investiga­ dores sobre o im portan te problem a epidemiologico da identificacao de reservatorios n a tu ra is das leishm anioses hum anas. Foram exam inados 116 roedores, cap tu ­ rados na referida area de trabalho, d u ran ­ te os meses de setem bro e outubro de 1969. Nos anim ais que apresentavam lesoes aber­ tas, foram feitos esfregacos que eram, em seguida, corados pelo Giemsa para pes­ quisa do parasito. Por forca das circuns­ tâncias, im postas pela natu reza do tra b a ­ lho p ara o qual eram destinados os a n i­ m ais capturados, a presente investigacao foi lim itada ao exame direto das lesoes encontradas. As lesoes encontradas nos 5 O. eliurus foram sem pre do tipo ulceroso. As lesoes avancadas representavam grande destru i­ cao dos tecidos, necrose e in tensa infec­ cao secundaria por germes piogenicos. As figuras 1 a 3 m ostram as lesoes encon­ trad as no anim al (O. e liurus) n.° 22a. Este anim al apresentou, ao prim eiro exame, le­ soes extensas destru tivas da extrem idade da p a ta posterior esquerda com exposicao dos ossos, necrose e volumoso edema. Na m etade inferior da cauda deste anim al viam -se lesoes cicatriciais extensas com um a pequena a rea ulcerosa recoberta por um a crosta. A porcao distai da cauda es­ tava necrosada e, aparentem ente, cerca de um terco do apendice caudal havia si­ do perdido. No dorso deste mesmo anim al hava ainda lesao cicatricial com area de alopecia.

5 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In the technique described in th e present paper the error m en ticned above is eliminated and the num ber of containers can be greatly reduced.
Abstract: In the ordinary m ethods of testing molluscicides in th e laboratory each group of snails, usually 10, is placed in a glass or plastic Container in to w hich a certa in concentration of th e chem ical has been in troduced. The num ber of containers corresponds to the num ber of concentrations required in each tes t. Replications of th e tests are usually n ecessary in order to increase th e num ber of snails in each experim ent. In doing th a t, additienal containers are required. A common and im porta t error in mollusciciding laboratory experim ents results from the tendency of th e snails to crawl out of the toxic solutions in to w hich they have been im m ersed. As fa r as the experience of the au tho rs cif th e cu rren t paper is concerned there is no perfect device completely able to prevent the escape of the snails from the m olluscicide. In the technique described in th e present paper the error m en ticned above is eliminated and the num ber of containers can be greatly reduced.

1 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Prevalence, clinical spectrum, molecular epidemiology, and control of T. gondii in humans and animals in Brazil are reviewed to help biologists, public health workers, veterinarians, and physicians understand the severity of clinical toxoplasmosis in Brazilian children.
Abstract: SUMMARY Infections by the protozoan parasiteToxoplasma gondiiarewidely prevalent in humans and animals in Brazil The burden of clinical toxoplasmosis in humans is considered to be very high The high prevalence and encouragement of the Brazilian Governmentprovidesauniqueopportunityforinternationalgroupstostudytheepidemiologyandcontroloftoxoplasmosis in Brazil Many early papers on toxoplasmosis in Brazil were published in Portuguese and often not available to scientists in English-speaking countries In the present paper we review prevalence, clinical spectrum, molecular epidemiology, and control of T gondii in humans and animals in Brazil This knowledge should be useful to biologists, public health workers, veterinarians, and physicians Brazil has a very high rate of T gondii infection in humans Up to 50% of elementary school children and 50–80% of women of child-bearing age have antibodies to T gondii The risks for uninfected women to acquire toxoplasmosis during pregnancy and fetal transmission are high because the environment is highly contaminated with oocysts The burden of toxoplasmosis in congenitally infected children is also very high From limited data on screening of infants for T gondii IgM at birth, 5–23 children are born infected per 10000 live births in Brazil Based on an estimate of 1 infected child per 1000 births, 2649 children with congenital toxoplasmosis are likely to be born annually in Brazil Most of these infected children are likely to develop symptoms or signs of clinical toxoplasmosis Among the congenitally infected childrenwhoseclinicaldataaredescribedinthisreview,severaldiedsoonafterbirth,35%hadneurologicaldiseaseincluding hydrocephalus, microcephaly and mental retardation, 80% had ocular lesions, and in one report 40% of children had hearing loss The severity of clinical toxoplasmosis in Brazilian children may be associated with the genetic characteristics of T gondii isolates prevailing in animals and humans in Brazil

447 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The possible reasons for sex differences in mortality and disease susceptibility have been noted in many species of animals, including humans, and how they may have resulted from selective pressures are examined.

281 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The following paper deals with the better known human leishmaniases of the New World, and some new ones, and discusses the major historical events in the laborious task of elucidating their ecology and epidemiology.
Abstract: As the first species of Leishmania encountered were the agents of human visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis, it is understandable that studies on these parasites for a long time concentrated on those organisms commonly causing disease in man. Epidemiological studies over the past 20 years or so, however, have led to the inescapable conclusion that the genus Leishmania is comprised of numerous species of well adapted parasites, in a wide range of mammals, throughout most of those tropical and subtropical regions of the world where phlebotomine sandflies exist (Diptera: Psychodidae). Many of the leishmanias probably never gain entrance into man: due either to an incapacity to survive in his tissues, or (more likely) because the natural sandfly vectors do not feed on him. The leishmanias that do infect man are, nevertheless, among the greatest protozoological scourges of mankind, and a better understanding of their life-cycles may well help in future prevention or control of the diseases they cause. With few exceptions the leishmaniases are zoonoses, with a major source of infection in wild or domestic animals. In the Americas, the disease is essentially a rural one, and most commonly acquired by those penetrating forested or wooded regions. The following paper deals with the better known human leishmaniases of the New World, and some new ones, and discusses the major historical events in the laborious task of elucidating their ecology and epidemiology.

260 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It appears clear-cut from the review, that while chemotherapy has been and will remain the best option for morbidity control, sanitation has an important role to play not only to sustain the benefits of chemotherapy but also to protect the uninfected.

248 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Regular focal mollusciciding is likely to contribute significantly to the move toward elimination of schistosomiasis in high risk areas, and its impact on local transmission is typically strong, albeit incomplete.
Abstract: Background Programs for schistosomiasis control are advancing worldwide, with many benefits noted in terms of disease reduction. Yet risk of reinfection and recurrent disease remain, even in areas with high treatment coverage. In the search for means to better prevent new Schistosoma infections, attention has returned to an older strategy for transmission control, i.e., chemical mollusciciding, to suppress intermediate host snail species responsible for S. mansoni and S. haematobium transmission. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize prior experience in molluscicide-based control of Bulinus and Biomphalaria spp. snails, and estimate its impact on local human Schistosoma infection. Methodology/Principal Findings The review was registered at inception with PROSPERO (CRD42013006869). Studies were identified by online database searches and hand searches of private archives. Eligible studies included published or unpublished mollusciciding field trials performed before January 2014 involving host snails for S. mansoni or S. haematobium, with a primary focus on the use of niclosamide. Among 63 included papers, there was large variability in terms of molluscicide dosing, and treatment intervals varied from 3–52 weeks depending on location, water source, and type of application. Among 35 studies reporting on prevalence, random effects meta-analysis indicated that, on average, odds of infection were reduced 77% (OR 0.23, CI95% 0.17, 0.31) during the course of mollusciciding, with increased impact if combined with drug therapy, and progressively greater impact over time. In 17 studies reporting local incidence, risk of new infection was reduced 64% (RR 0.36 CI95% 0.25, 0.5), but additional drug treatment did not appear to influence incidence effects. Conclusion/Significance While there are hurdles to implementing molluscicide control, its impact on local transmission is typically strong, albeit incomplete. Based on past experience, regular focal mollusciciding is likely to contribute significantly to the move toward elimination of schistosomiasis in high risk areas.

99 citations