Faisal Khan

Bio: Faisal Khan is an academic researcher from College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific. The author has contributed to research in topics: Sleep disorder & Venous thrombosis. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 9 publications receiving 45 citations. Previous affiliations of Faisal Khan include Duke University & Harvard University.

Ocular ischemic syndrome: recent trends in medical management.

Abstract: Purpose of review To summarize general concepts of ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS), and present current scientific developments in delineating the pathogenesis and treatment of this disorder. Recent findings Recent studies suggest that OIS is associated with a significant risk of cerebrovascular, ocular, and systemic morbidity. Summary OIS is a serious blinding condition that occurs in the setting of carotid artery occlusion. Restoration of arterial perfusion and early diagnosis are critical for preserving visual function and reducing the risk of devastating ocular complications.

Neuromyelitis optica: current concepts and prospects for future management.

Abstract: Purpose of review To present an overview on the clinical manifestations and an update on the current management of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Recent findings NMO is associated with a significant risk of neurological, ocular and systemic morbidity. Many cases of NMO assume a relapsing course, which can lead clinicians to mistake the disease for multiple sclerosis. Distinguishing between the two diseases can be accomplished by recognizing the differences in clinical manifestations, observing the clinical course, obtaining serological testing and appreciating the MRI features. It is also important to maintain a high index of suspicion for NMO in the appropriate clinical setting. Summary Clinical features of NMO include visual loss, decreased coordination, widespread asthenia, paraplegia, quadriplegia, and sensory impairment. Severe cases can result in bladder and bowel impairment or fatal respiratory failure. Symptomatic treatment and the currently available therapeutic agents can control the disease in many patients. However, given the lack of a curative treatment, the prognosis of NMO remains poor in some patients underscoring the need for drug development and controlled clinical trials focused on improved treatment strategies.

Effect of time to pre‐emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt on patient outcome, a UK multicentre cohort study

Abstract: Pre‐emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (pTIPSS) should be considered within 72 hours following acute oesophageal variceal bleeding. However, recent studies highlight the difficulty in providing pTIPSS within this narrow timeframe. Delaying pTIPSS beyond 72 hours has not been studied.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Abstract: Headache, a common prodromal symptom of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, can also be a manifestation of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), secondary to COVID-19. CVT management continues to evolve, with direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) emerging as an alternative to warfarin. A 44-year-old Asian female, with no past medical history, presented to the emergency room (ER) with complaints of nonproductive cough and left-sided headache. She denied a history of COVID-19 vaccination, and SARS-CoV-2 testing (with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction) was positive. Non-contrast computed tomography (CT) of the head revealed left transverse sinus hyperdensity, consistent with dense vein sign, and magnetic resonance venography (MRV) confirmed the presence of thrombus. The initial treatment included subcutaneous enoxaparin with headache resolution, and she was discharged on apixaban. Five weeks later, a non-contrast head CT showed resolution of the dense vein sign and recanalisation of left transverse sinus was seen on MRV. This report has highlighted the need for increased awareness of coagulopathy and thrombotic events, including cerebral venous thrombosis, in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Unremitting headache, in context of SARS-CoV-2 infection, should be evaluated with appropriate neurovascular imaging. Controlled studies are required to compare the safety and efficacy of DOACs with warfarin for management of cerebral venous thrombosis.

Apneic disorders associated with heart failure: pathophysiology and clinical management.

Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases remain the most common cause of both morbidity and mortality in the industrialized world. The frequency of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) is significantly increased in individuals with cardiovascular diseases such as heart failure. Given the co-morbidities associated with SRBD coexisting with HF, prompt recognition and early management of SRBD is critical to improving the overall prognosis and quality of life in heart failure patients with concomitant SRBD.

Necrotizing meningoencephalitis of Pug Dogs associates with dog leukocyte antigen class II and resembles acute variant forms of multiple sclerosis

Abstract: Necrotizing meningoencephalitis (NME) is a disorder of Pug Dogs that appears to have an immune etiology and high heritability based on population studies. The present study was undertaken to identify a genetic basis for the disease. A genome-wide association scan with single tandem repeat (STR) markers showed a single strong association near the dog leukocyte antigen (DLA) complex on CFA12. Fine resolution mapping with 27 STR markers on CFA12 further narrowed association to the region containing DLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and, -DQB1 genes. Sequencing confirmed that affected dogs were more likely to be homozygous for specific alleles at each locus and that these alleles were linked, forming a single high risk haplotype. The strong DLA class II association of NME in Pug Dogs resembles that of human multiple sclerosis (MS). Like MS, NME appears to have an autoimmune basis, involves genetic and nongenetic factors, has a relatively low incidence, is more frequent in females than males, and is associated with a vascularly orientated nonsuppurative inflammation. However, NME of Pug Dogs is more aggressive in disease course than classical human MS, appears to be relatively earlier in onset, and involves necrosis rather than demyelination as the central pathobiologic feature. Thus, Pug Dog encephalitis (PDE) shares clinical features with the less common acute variant forms of MS. Accordingly, NME of Pug Dogs may represent a naturally occurring canine model of certain idiopathic inflammatory disorders of the human central nervous system.

Eye disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis: natural history and management

Abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and leading cause of disability in young adults. Vision impairment is a common component of disability for this population of patients. Injury to the optic nerve, brainstem, and cerebellum leads to characteristic syndromes affecting both the afferent and efferent visual pathways. The objective of this review is to summarize the spectrum of eye disorders in patients with MS, their natural history, and current strategies for diagnosis and management. We emphasize the most common disorders including optic neuritis and internuclear ophthalmoparesis and include new techniques, such as optical coherence tomography, which promise to better our understanding of MS and its effects on the visual system.