Falah H. Hanoon

Bio: Falah H. Hanoon is an academic researcher from Thi Qar University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Density functional theory & Band gap. The author has an hindex of 6, co-authored 19 publications receiving 72 citations.

Ab initio calculation of vibrational absorption and circular dichroism spectra using density functional force fields

Abstract: : The unpolarized absorption and circular dichroism spectra of the fundamental vibrational transitions of the chiral molecule, 4-methyl-2-oxetanone, are calculated ab initio. Harmonic force fields are obtained using Density Functional Theory (DFT), MP2, and SCF methodologies and a 5S4P2D/3S2P (TZ2P) basis set. DFT calculations use the Local Spin Density Approximation (LSDA), BLYP, and Becke3LYP (B3LYP) density functionals. Mid-IR spectra predicted using LSDA, BLYP, and B3LYP force fields are of significantly different quality, the B3LYP force field yielding spectra in clearly superior, and overall excellent, agreement with experiment. The MP2 force field yields spectra in slightly worse agreement with experiment than the B3LYP force field. The SCF force field yields spectra in poor agreement with experiment.The basis set dependence of B3LYP force fields is also explored: the 6-31G* and TZ2P basis sets give very similar results while the 3-21G basis set yields spectra in substantially worse agreements with experiment. jg

Vaccination Greatly Reduces Disease, Disability, Death and Inequity worldwide/La Vaccination Reduit Fortement la Morbidite, Les Incapacites, la Mortalite et Les Inegalites Dans L'ensemble Du monde/La Vacunacion Reduce Considerablemente la Morbilidad, Las Discapacidades, la Mortalidad Y Las Inequidades En Todo El Mundo

Abstract: Introduction Vaccination has greatly reduced the burden of infectious diseases Only clean water, also considered to be a basic human right, performs better (1) Paradoxically, a vociferous antivaccine lobby thrives today in spite of the undeniable success of vaccination programmes against formerly fearsome diseases that are now rare in developed countries (2) Understandably, vaccine safety gets more public attention than vaccination effectiveness, but independent experts and WHO have shown that vaccines are far safer than therapeutic medicines (2,3) Modern research has spurred the development of less reactogenic products, such as acellular pertussis vaccines and rabies vaccines produced in cell culture Today, vaccines have an excellent safety record and most "vaccine scares" have been shown to be false alarms (4,5) Misguided safety concerns in some countries have led to a fall in vaccination coverage, causing the re-emergence of pertussis and measles (6) Putative vaccine safety issues are commonly reported while reviews of vaccine benefits are few A Medline search over the past five years using the keywords "vaccine risks" scored approximately five times as many hits (2655 versus 557) as a Medline search using "vaccine benefits" as keywords (7) This reflects the fact that negative aspects of vaccination get much more publicity than positive aspects How one addresses the antivaccine movement has been a problem since the time of Jenner The best way in the long term is to refute wrong allegations at the earliest opportunity by providing scientifically valid data This is easier said than done, because the adversary in this game plays according to rules that are not generally those of science This issue will not be further addressed in this paper, which aims to show how vaccines are valuable to both individuals and societies, to present validated facts, and to help redress adverse perceptions Without doubt, vaccines are among the most efficient tools for promoting individual and public health and deserve better press (8) Disease control benefits Eradication Unless an environmental reservoir exists, an eradicated pathogen cannot reemerge, unless accidentally or malevolently reintroduced by humans, allowing vaccination or other preventive measures to be discontinued While eradication may be an ideal goal for an immunization programme, to date only smallpox has been eradicated, allowing discontinuation of routine smallpox immunization globally Potentially, other infectious diseases with no extrahuman reservoir can be eradicated provided an effective vaccine and specific diagnostic tests are available Eradication requires high levels of population immunity in all regions of the world over a prolonged period with adequate surveillance in place (9) The next disease targeted for eradication is polio, which is still a global challenge (10) Although high coverage with oral polio vaccine (OPV) has eliminated type 2 poliovirus globally, transmission of types 1 and 3 continues in limited areas in a few countries OPV-caused paralytic disease, directly or by reversion to virulence, and persistent vaccine-virus excretion in immunodeficient individuals are problems yet to be solved Global use of monovalent type 1 and type 30PV and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) may eventually be required (10) Elimination Diseases can be eliminated locally without global eradication of the causative microorganism In four of six WHO regions, substantial progress has been made in measles elimination; transmission no longer occurs indigenously and importation does not result in sustained spread of the virus (11) Key to this achievement is more than 95% population immunity through a two-dose vaccination regimen Combined measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine could also eliminate and eventually eradicate rubella and mumps (11) Increasing measles immunization levels in Africa, where coverage averaged only 67% in 2004, is essential for eradication of this disease …

A Review on Recent Advancements of Graphene and Graphene-Related Materials in Biological Applications

Abstract: Graphene is the most outstanding material among the new nanostructured carbonaceous species discovered and produced. Graphene’s astonishing properties (i.e., electronic conductivity, mechanical robustness, large surface area) have led to a deep change in the material science field. In this review, after a brief overview of the main characteristics of graphene and related materials, we present an extensive overview of the most recent achievements in biological uses of graphene and related materials.

Magneto-transport in a mesoscopic ring with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions

Abstract: Electronic transport in a one-dimensional mesoscopic ring threaded by a magnetic flux is studied in presence of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions. A completely analytical technique within a tight-binding formalism unveils the spin-split bands in presence of the spin-orbit interactions and leads to a method of determining the strength of the Dresselhaus interaction. In addition to this, the persistent currents for ordered and disordered rings have been investigated numerically. It is observed that, the presence of the spin-orbit interaction, in general, leads to an enhanced amplitude of the persistent current. Numerical results corroborate the respective analytical findings.