Fang Liu

TL;DR: The physiological challenges as well as the advances and opportunities for buccal/sublingual drug delivery are highlighted, with particular attention given to new approaches which can extend dosage form retention time or can be engineered to deliver complex molecules such as proteins and peptides.

TL;DR: A better understanding of the acceptability of existing formulations highlights opportunities for the development of new and more acceptable medicines and facilitates safe and effective prescribing for the young and older populations.

TL;DR: Investigation of post-mortem in healthy guinea pigs, rabbits and pigs to assess their suitability for pre-clinical studies indicated the potential utility of these animal species in oral and colonic vaccination.

TL;DR: The development of a range of in vitro methods is outlined including disintegration/dissolution testing, in vitro mucoadhesion tests, in vivo residence time evaluation and permeability studies, and the suitability of commonly used animal models for in vivo evaluation is discussed.

TL;DR: The use of pH 6.8 physiological bicarbonate buffer (mHanks) provides more realistic and discriminative in vitro release assessment of enteric coated formulations compared to compendial phosphate buffer.