Author
Farid Pazhoohi
Other affiliations: Oklahoma State University–Stillwater
Bio: Farid Pazhoohi is an academic researcher from University of British Columbia. The author has contributed to research in topics: Psychology & Attractiveness. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 31 publications receiving 1949 citations. Previous affiliations of Farid Pazhoohi include Oklahoma State University–Stillwater.
Topics: Psychology, Attractiveness, Perception, Medicine, Masculinity
Papers
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University of California, Santa Barbara1, University of Texas at Austin2, Dresden University of Technology3, University of Wrocław4, University of Tartu5, Gulu University6, Middle East University7, Stockholm University8, University of the Punjab9, University of Nigeria, Nsukka10, Istanbul University11, Franklin & Marshall College12, Norwegian University of Science and Technology13, University of Algiers14, Australian National University15, Russian Academy of Sciences16, Russian State University for the Humanities17, İzmir University of Economics18, University of Social Sciences and Humanities19, Université catholique de Louvain20, Ankara University21, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru22, Cumhuriyet University23, University of the Republic24, ISCTE – University Institute of Lisbon25, The Chinese University of Hong Kong26, National Autonomous University of Mexico27, University of Pécs28, University of Constantine the Philosopher29, University of Maribor30, University of Zagreb31, University of Malaya32, Central University of Finance and Economics33, University of Crete34, University of Primorska35, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology36, University of Amsterdam37, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart38, VU University Amsterdam39, University of Granada40, University of Delhi41, University of Havana42, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro43, University of Vienna44, Universiti Utara Malaysia45, Vilnius University46, University of British Columbia47, University of Sussex48, Romanian Academy49, Comenius University in Bratislava50, Slovak Academy of Sciences51, University of Monterrey52, SAS Institute53, DHA Suffa University54, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile55, South-West University "Neofit Rilski"56, University of São Paulo57, Kyung Hee University58, University of Ljubljana59
TL;DR: This work combines this large cross-cultural sample with agent-based models to compare eight hypothesized models of human mating markets and finds that this cross-culturally universal pattern of mate choice is most consistent with a Euclidean model of mate preference integration.
Abstract: Humans express a wide array of ideal mate preferences. Around the world, people desire romantic partners who are intelligent, healthy, kind, physically attractive, wealthy, and more. In order for these ideal preferences to guide the choice of actual romantic partners, human mating psychology must possess a means to integrate information across these many preference dimensions into summaries of the overall mate value of their potential mates. Here we explore the computational design of this mate preference integration process using a large sample of n = 14,487 people from 45 countries around the world. We combine this large cross-cultural sample with agent-based models to compare eight hypothesized models of human mating markets. Across cultures, people higher in mate value appear to experience greater power of choice on the mating market in that they set higher ideal standards, better fulfill their preferences in choice, and pair with higher mate value partners. Furthermore, we find that this cross-culturally universal pattern of mate choice is most consistent with a Euclidean model of mate preference integration.
1,827 citations
University of California, Santa Barbara1, University of Texas at Austin2, University of Wrocław3, Dresden University of Technology4, Opole University5, University of Tartu6, Gulu University7, Middle East University8, Stockholm University9, University of the Punjab10, University of Nigeria, Nsukka11, Istanbul University12, Franklin & Marshall College13, Norwegian University of Science and Technology14, University of Algiers15, Australian National University16, Russian State University for the Humanities17, Russian Academy of Sciences18, İzmir University of Economics19, University of Social Sciences and Humanities20, Université catholique de Louvain21, Ankara University22, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru23, Cumhuriyet University24, University of the Republic25, ISCTE – University Institute of Lisbon26, The Chinese University of Hong Kong27, National Autonomous University of Mexico28, University of Pécs29, University of Maribor30, University of Zagreb31, University of Malaya32, Central University of Finance and Economics33, University of Crete34, University of Primorska35, University of Amsterdam36, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart37, VU University Amsterdam38, University of Granada39, University of Delhi40, University of Havana41, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro42, University of Vienna43, Universiti Utara Malaysia44, Vilnius University45, University of British Columbia46, Centre national de la recherche scientifique47, Romanian Academy48, Slovak Academy of Sciences49, Comenius University in Bratislava50, University of Monterrey51, DHA Suffa University52, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile53, South-West University "Neofit Rilski"54, University of São Paulo55, Kyung Hee University56, University of Ljubljana57
TL;DR: Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), this work attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives, finding neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries.
Abstract: Considerable research has examined human mate preferences across cultures, finding universal sex differences in preferences for attractiveness and resources as well as sources of systematic cultural variation. Two competing perspectives-an evolutionary psychological perspective and a biosocial role perspective-offer alternative explanations for these findings. However, the original data on which each perspective relies are decades old, and the literature is fraught with conflicting methods, analyses, results, and conclusions. Using a new 45-country sample (N = 14,399), we attempted to replicate classic studies and test both the evolutionary and biosocial role perspectives. Support for universal sex differences in preferences remains robust: Men, more than women, prefer attractive, young mates, and women, more than men, prefer older mates with financial prospects. Cross-culturally, both sexes have mates closer to their own ages as gender equality increases. Beyond age of partner, neither pathogen prevalence nor gender equality robustly predicted sex differences or preferences across countries.
129 citations
University of Wrocław1, Macquarie University2, University of Tartu3, Gulu University4, Stockholm University5, International University, Cambodia6, University of the Punjab7, University of Texas at Austin8, University of Nigeria, Nsukka9, Istanbul University10, Franklin & Marshall College11, Norwegian University of Science and Technology12, University of Algiers13, Australian National University14, İzmir University of Economics15, University of Social Sciences and Humanities16, Université catholique de Louvain17, Ankara University18, University of California, Santa Barbara19, University of São Paulo20, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru21, ISCTE – University Institute of Lisbon22, University of Constantine the Philosopher23, University of Zagreb24, The Chinese University of Hong Kong25, University of Malaya26, Central University of Finance and Economics27, Palacký University, Olomouc28, University of Ljubljana29, Max Planck Society30, University of Niš31, University of Pécs32, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart33, VU University Amsterdam34, University of Granada35, University of Delhi36, University of Havana37, University of Maribor38, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro39, University of Vienna40, Dresden University of Technology41, Vilnius University42, University of British Columbia43, Comenius University in Bratislava44, Slovak Academy of Sciences45, University of Karachi46, University of Monterrey47, Aga Khan University Hospital48, DHA Suffa University49, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile50, Kyung Hee University51, Bahria University52
TL;DR: For instance, this article found that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people.
Abstract: Interpersonal touch behavior differs across cultures, yet no study to date has systematically tested for cultural variation in affective touch, nor examined the factors that might account for this variability. Here, over 14,000 individuals from 45 countries were asked whether they embraced, stroked, kissed, or hugged their partner, friends, and youngest child during the week preceding the study. We then examined a range of hypothesized individual-level factors (sex, age, parasitic history, conservatism, religiosity, and preferred interpersonal distance) and cultural-level factors (regional temperature, parasite stress, regional conservatism, collectivism, and religiosity) in predicting these affective-touching behaviors. Our results indicate that affective touch was most prevalent in relationships with partners and children, and its diversity was relatively higher in warmer, less conservative, and religious countries, and among younger, female, and liberal people. This research allows for a broad and integrated view of the bases of cross-cultural variability in affective touch.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of facial masks on facial emotion recognition of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and neutrality was investigated using a larger and more diverse sample of individuals.
Abstract: Facial expressions, and the ability to recognize these expressions, have evolved in humans to communicate information to one another. Face masks are equipment used in healthcare by health professionals to prevent the transmission of airborne infections. As part of the social distancing efforts related to COVID-19, wearing facial masks has been practiced globally. Such practice might influence affective information communication among humans. Previous research suggests that masks disrupt expression recognition of some emotions (e.g., fear, sadness or neutrality) and lower the confidence in their identification. To extend the previous research, in the current study we tested a larger and more diverse sample of individuals and also investigated the effect of masks on perceived intensity of expressions. Moreover, for the first time in the literature we examined these questions using individuals with autistic traits. Specifically, across three experiments using different populations (college students and general population), and the 10-item Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ-10; lower and higher scorers), we tested the effect of facial masks on facial emotion recognition of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and neutrality. Results showed that the ability to identify all facial expressions decreased when faces were masked, a finding observed across all three studies, contradicting previous research on fear, sad, and neutral expressions. Participants were also less confident in their judgements for all emotions, supporting previous research; and participants perceived emotions as less expressive in the mask condition compared to the unmasked condition, a finding novel to the literature. An additional novel finding was that participants with higher scores on the AQ-10 were less accurate and less confident overall in facial expression recognition, as well as perceiving expressions as less intense. Our findings reveal that wearing face masks decreases facial expression recognition, confidence in expression identification, as well as the perception of intensity for all expressions, affecting high-scoring AQ-10 individuals more than low-scoring individuals.
34 citations
University of Wrocław1, University of Tartu2, Gulu University3, Stockholm University4, University of the Punjab5, Westminster College (Pennsylvania)6, University of Nigeria, Nsukka7, Istanbul University8, Franklin & Marshall College9, Norwegian University of Science and Technology10, Australian National University11, University of Texas at Austin12, Russian Academy of Sciences13, Ankara University14, University of Social Sciences and Humanities15, Université catholique de Louvain16, University of California, Santa Barbara17, Dresden University of Technology18, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru19, Cumhuriyet University20, University of the Republic21, ISCTE – University Institute of Lisbon22, National Autonomous University of Mexico23, University of Constantine the Philosopher24, University of Maribor25, University of Zagreb26, The Chinese University of Hong Kong27, University of Malaya28, Huaqiao University29, University of Primorska30, University of Amsterdam31, University of Niš32, Opole University33, University of Pécs34, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart35, Middle East University36, VU University Amsterdam37, University of Monterrey38, University of Delhi39, University of Havana40, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro41, University of Vienna42, Universiti Utara Malaysia43, Vilnius University44, University of British Columbia45, Rio de Janeiro State University46, Slovak Academy of Sciences47, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin48, University of Gdańsk49, Aga Khan University Hospital50, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile51, Kyung Hee University52, Bahria University53, University of Ljubljana54, Cornell University55
TL;DR: This large-scale cross-cultural study with the use of Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale confirmed the cultural universality of the theoretical construct of love analyzed in this study.
Abstract: The Triangular Theory of Love (measured with Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale – STLS) is a prominent theoretical concept in empirical research on love. To expand the culturally homogeneous body of...
24 citations
Cited by
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University of Duisburg-Essen1, University of Düsseldorf2, Harvard University3, University of Warsaw4, University of Melbourne5, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research6, Johns Hopkins University7, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics8, The Turing Institute9, Western General Hospital10, BC Cancer Agency11, University of British Columbia12, ETH Zurich13, Delft University of Technology14, Leiden University Medical Center15, Broad Institute16, Georgia State University17, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies18, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology19, Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica20, Utrecht University21, University of Amsterdam22, Imperial College London23, Radboud University Nijmegen24, University Medical Center Groningen25, Wageningen University and Research Centre26, University of Connecticut27, European Bioinformatics Institute28, University of Cambridge29, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute30, Max Planck Society31, Saarland University32, Zuse Institute Berlin33, German Cancer Research Center34, Leiden University35, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University36, Princeton University37, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center38
TL;DR: This compendium is for established researchers, newcomers, and students alike, highlighting interesting and rewarding problems for the coming years in single-cell data science.
Abstract: The recent boom in microfluidics and combinatorial indexing strategies, combined with low sequencing costs, has empowered single-cell sequencing technology. Thousands-or even millions-of cells analyzed in a single experiment amount to a data revolution in single-cell biology and pose unique data science problems. Here, we outline eleven challenges that will be central to bringing this emerging field of single-cell data science forward. For each challenge, we highlight motivating research questions, review prior work, and formulate open problems. This compendium is for established researchers, newcomers, and students alike, highlighting interesting and rewarding problems for the coming years.
677 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the current status of knowledge on atmospheric microplastics, the methods for sample collection, analysis and detection, and the recommendations for atmospheric micro-plastic sampling and measurement are reviewed.
539 citations
Utrecht University1, National Research Council2, Sea Education Association3, University of Hawaii at Manoa4, Polytechnic University of Catalonia5, Shirshov Institute of Oceanology6, Russian Academy of Sciences7, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research8, University of Cádiz9, Brown University10, University of Oldenburg11, University of the Highlands and Islands12, Hobart Corporation13, Rochester Institute of Technology14, Kyushu University15, Imperial College London16, Wageningen University and Research Centre17, University of Delaware18, University of Bern19, University of Southampton20, National Physical Laboratory21, Institut de recherche pour le développement22, Plymouth Marine Laboratory23, Newcastle University24, University of Toulouse25, Paul Sabatier University26, California Institute of Technology27, Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology28, University of Oregon29, Korean Ocean Research and Development Institute30, Catholic University of the North31, University of Oxford32
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors comprehensively discuss what is known about the different processes that govern the transport of floating marine plastic debris in both the open ocean and the coastal zones, based on the published literature and referring to insights from neighbouring fields such as oil spill dispersion, marine safety recovery, plankton connectivity, and others.
Abstract: Marine plastic debris floating on the ocean surface is a major environmental problem. However, its distribution in the ocean is poorly mapped, and most of the plastic waste estimated to have entered the ocean from land is unaccounted for. Better understanding of how plastic debris is transported from coastal and marine sources is crucial to quantify and close the global inventory of marine plastics, which in turn represents critical information for mitigation or policy strategies. At the same time, plastic is a unique tracer that provides an opportunity to learn more about the physics and dynamics of our ocean across multiple scales, from the Ekman convergence in basin-scale gyres to individual waves in the surfzone. In this review, we comprehensively discuss what is known about the different processes that govern the transport of floating marine plastic debris in both the open ocean and the coastal zones, based on the published literature and referring to insights from neighbouring fields such as oil spill dispersion, marine safety recovery, plankton connectivity, and others. We discuss how measurements of marine plastics (both in situ and in the laboratory), remote sensing, and numerical simulations can elucidate these processes and their interactions across spatio-temporal scales.
408 citations
TL;DR: An intensification of extreme precipitation and flood events over all climate regions which increases as water availability increases from wet to dry regions and spatial and seasonal water availability becomes stronger as events become less extreme.
Abstract: The hydrological cycle is expected to intensify with global warming, which likely increases the intensity of extreme precipitation events and the risk of flooding. The changes, however, often differ from the theorized expectation of increases in water-holding capacity of the atmosphere in the warmer conditions, especially when water availability is limited. Here, the relationships of changes in extreme precipitation and flood intensities for the end of the twenty-first century with spatial and seasonal water availability are quantified. Results show an intensification of extreme precipitation and flood events over all climate regions which increases as water availability increases from wet to dry regions. Similarly, there is an increase in the intensification of extreme precipitation and flood with the seasonal cycle of water availability. The connection between extreme precipitation and flood intensity changes and spatial and seasonal water availability becomes stronger as events become less extreme.
400 citations
TL;DR: This review provides a detailed systematic compilation of the eco-friendly biological treatment solutions for remediation of PAHs such as microbial remediation approaches using bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, and co-cultures.
Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread across the globe mainly due to long-term anthropogenic sources of pollution. The inherent properties of PAHs such as heterocyclic aromatic ring structures, hydrophobicity, and thermostability have made them recalcitrant and highly persistent in the environment. PAH pollutants have been determined to be highly toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, and immunotoxicogenic to various life forms. Therefore, this review discusses the primary sources of PAH emissions, exposure routes, and toxic effects on humans, in particular. This review briefly summarizes the physical and chemical PAH remediation approaches such as membrane filtration, soil washing, adsorption, electrokinetic, thermal, oxidation, and photocatalytic treatments. This review provides a detailed systematic compilation of the eco-friendly biological treatment solutions for remediation of PAHs such as microbial remediation approaches using bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, and co-cultures. In situ and ex situ biological treatments such as land farming, biostimulation, bioaugmentation, phytoremediation, bioreactor, and vermiremediation approaches are discussed in detail, and a summary of the factors affecting and limiting PAH bioremediation is also discussed. An overview of emerging technologies employing multi-process combinatorial treatment approaches is given, and newer concepts on generation of value-added by-products during PAH remediation are highlighted in this review.
346 citations