Felipe da Silva Paulitsch

Bio: Felipe da Silva Paulitsch is an academic researcher from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. The author has contributed to research in topics: Basal (medicine) & Insulin. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 13 publications receiving 37 citations.

Effects of Different Therapeutic Ultrasound Waveforms on Endothelial Function in Healthy Volunteers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different therapeutic 1-MHz ultrasound waveforms on endothelial function before and after cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition. Forty-two healthy volunteers aged 27.2 ± 3.8 y underwent interventions and an evaluation for endothelial function (n = 15; with COX inhibition, n = 15; duration of the vasodilator effect, n = 12) by technique flow-mediated dilation. Continuous ultrasound therapy (0.4 W/cm(2 SATA)), pulsed ultrasound therapy (20% duty cycle, 0.08 W/cm(2 SATA)) or placebo (equipment power off) was randomly applied over the brachial artery for 5 min. COX inhibition (aspirin) was carried out 30 min before treatments. In relation to the placebo, flow-mediated dilation increased by 4.8% using continuous ultrasound and by 3.4% using pulsed ultrasound. After COX, flow-mediated dilation was enhanced by 2.1% by continuous ultrasound and 2.6% by pulsed ultrasound. This vasodilation persisted for 20 min. Continuous and pulsed therapeutic 1-MHz ultrasound waveforms improved endothelial function in humans, which provided them with anti-inflammatory vascular effects.

Effects of different frequencies of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on venous vascular reactivity

Abstract: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a type of therapy used primarily for analgesia, but also presents changes in the cardiovascular system responses; its effects are dependent upon application parameters. Alterations to the cardiovascular system suggest that TENS may modify venous vascular response. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of TENS at different frequencies (10 and 100 Hz) on venous vascular reactivity in healthy subjects. Twenty-nine healthy male volunteers were randomized into three groups: placebo (n=10), low-frequency TENS (10 Hz, n=9) and high-frequency TENS (100 Hz, n=10). TENS was applied for 30 min in the nervous plexus trajectory from the superior member (from cervical to dorsal region of the fist) at low (10 Hz/200 μs) and high frequency (100 Hz/200 μs) with its intensity adjusted below the motor threshold and intensified every 5 min, intending to avoid accommodation. Venous vascular reactivity in response to phenylephrine, acetylcholine (endothelium-dependent) and sodium nitroprusside (endothelium-independent) was assessed by the dorsal hand vein technique. The phenylephrine effective dose to achieve 70% vasoconstriction was reduced 53% (P<0.01) using low-frequency TENS (10 Hz), while in high-frequency stimulation (100 Hz), a 47% increased dose was needed (P<0.01). The endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine) and independent (sodium nitroprusside) responses were not modified by TENS, which modifies venous responsiveness, and increases the low-frequency sensitivity of α1-adrenergic receptors and shows high-frequency opposite effects. These changes represent an important vascular effect caused by TENS with implications for hemodynamics, inflammation and analgesia.

Cold water immersion and inflammatory response after resistance exercises

Abstract: Introduction: High-intensity resistance exercises (RE) cause an inflammatory response that reduces functionality. Objective: To evaluate the effects of Cold Water Immersion (CWI) on leukocytosis, oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory markers and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) resulting from a RE session in untrained volunteers. Methods: Thirteen volunteers (aged 26 ± 5 years) who do not engage in RE were randomized and underwent Control RE and RE with CWI sessions. Exercise sessions (leg extension machine, squats and leg presses) consisted of four sets of 10 maximum repetitions (one-week interval between the assessment and the sessions). CWI consisted of immersion in water (15°C) to the umbilicus for 10 minutes immediately after the exercise session. Complete blood count, CRP, creatine kinase (CK) and lipoperoxidation (LPO) were assessed previously (baseline) and immediately, 30 minutes and 2 hours after RE. DOMS was assessed 24 hours after the sessions. Results: RE induced progressive leukocytosis (P<0.001). CRP was elevated 2 hours after exercise (P=0.008) only in the Control RE session. CK increased 30 minutes and 2 hours after exercise (P<0.001) in the Control session, whereas in the CWI session the increase was observed after 2 hours (P<0.001). LPO increased only in the Control session after 2 hours (P=0.025). CWI reduced DOMS by 57% (P<0.001). Conclusion: CWI slows the inflammatory response and reduces DOMS in untrained individuals undergoing RE. Level of Evidence I; Randomized Clinical Trial.

Reabilitacao cardiaca em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de revascularizacao do miocardio

Abstract: INTRODUCAO: Os programas de reabilitacao cardiaca (PRC) vem diminuindo a morbidade e a mortalidade em pacientes apos cirurgias de revascularizacao do miocardio (CRM). OBJETIVO: Observar a adesao de pacientes submetidos a CRM isoladamente na fase tardia a um PRC e analisar a qualidade de vida e capacidade funcional antes e apos o treinamento fisico de tres meses de PRC. METODOS: Foram contatados todos os pacientes submetidos a CRM isoladamente no periodo de um ano para participarem de um PRC com duracao de tres meses com tres sessoes semanais de uma hora de duracao. Todos os pacientes realizaram exames bioquimicos de sangue, teste de forca muscular de uma repeticao maxima (1-RM) para membros superiores e inferiores, teste de caminhada dos 6 minutos (TC6) e responderam o questionario de qualidade de vida SF-36 antes e apos o treinamento. RESULTADOS: De todos os 86 pacientes contatados, apenas 13% (n = 11) concluiram o PRC. A media de idade foi 67 ± 9 anos. O sexo masculino foi predominante, 73% (oito homens). Nao houve alteracoes significativas nos exames bioquimicos laboratoriais. No TC6 houve um aumento significativo na distância percorrida (p = 0,014); quanto a forca muscular houve um aumento significativo na carga para o teste em membros superiores (p = 0,043); e no questionario SF-36 nao observamos diferencas significativas nos escores antes e depois dos tres meses de PRC. CONCLUSAO: A adesao ao PRC foi baixa, logo e de suma importância a divulgacao da participacao de pacientes que realizaram CRM nesses programas para proporcionar maior capacidade funcional.

Different frequencies of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on sympatho-vagal balance

Abstract: This study aims to evaluate the effects of TENS at different frequencies on autonomic balance in healthy volunteers. It is a case-control study, and was composed of fourteen healthy volunteers (5 women) with 28 (3.9) years old who underwent low (10 Hz 200ms -1 ) and high (100 Hz 200ms -1 ) frequency TENS. The interventions were randomized and applied for 30 minutes in the trajectory brachial nerve plexus from non-dominant member. Intensities were adjusted every 5 minutes and maintained below motor threshold. The autonomic balance was assessed before and after interventions by heart rate variability (HRV). TENS 10 Hz increased 10% sympathetic activity and decreased 10% parasympathetic activity; however, TENS 100 Hz showed opposite effects (p < 0.05). The sympatho-vagal balance increased with low frequency TENS and decreased with high frequency (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that different frequencies of TENS applied in the trajectory brachial nerve plexus modify cardiovascular autonomic responses. High frequency TENS reduces sympathetic activity and increases the parasympathetic, which favors beneficial effects on autonomic balance in healthy volunteers.

Creatine supplementation combined with resistance training in older men: body composition, muscular performance, and reported effects

Abstract: PURPOSE To study the effect of creatine (Cr) supplementation combined with resistance training on muscular performance and body composition in older men. METHODS Thirty men were randomized to receive creatine supplementation (CRE, N = 16, age = 70.4 +/- 1.6 yr) or placebo (PLA, N = 14, age = 71.1 +/- 1.8 yr), using a double blind procedure. Cr supplementation consisted of 0.3-g Cr.kg(-1) body weight for the first 5 d (loading phase) and 0.07-g Cr.kg(-1) body weight thereafter. Both groups participated in resistance training (36 sessions, 3 times per week, 3 sets of 10 repetitions, 12 exercises). Muscular strength was assessed by 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) for leg press (LP), knee extension (KE), and bench press (BP). Muscular endurance was assessed by the maximum number of repetitions over 3 sets (separated by 1-min rest intervals) at an intensity corresponding to 70% baseline 1-RM for BP and 80% baseline 1-RM for the KE and LP. Average power (AP) was assessed using a Biodex isokinetic knee extension/flexion exercise (3 sets of 10 repetitions at 60 degrees.s(-1) separated by 1-min rest). Lean tissue (LTM) and fat mass were assessed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS Compared with PLA, the CRE group had significantly greater increases in LTM (CRE, +3.3 kg; PLA, +1.3 kg), LP 1-RM (CRE, +50.1 kg; PLA +31.3 kg), KE 1-RM (CRE, +14.9 kg; PLA, +10.7 kg), LP endurance (CRE, +47 reps; PLA, +32 reps), KE endurance (CRE, +21 reps; PLA +14 reps), and AP (CRE, +26.7 W; PLA, +18 W). Changes in fat mass, fat percentage, BP 1-RM, and BP endurance were similar between groups. CONCLUSION Creatine supplementation, when combined with resistance training, increases lean tissue mass and improves leg strength, endurance, and average power in men of mean age 70 yr.

The endothelium and inflammation.

Abstract: Inflammation Research Association (BIRAs) and the British Society for Immunology (BSI) at the 1999 BSI and British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology Joint Congress in December in Harrogate. The organisers and chairs were Dr. Neville Punchard, Prof. Frank Kelly and Prof. Richard Bruckdorfer. In organising a one day event on such a topic as Inflammation and the vascular endothelium it is difficult to cover all the topics one would like, even with a packed programme of 30 minute presentations! Thus this meeting concentrated on providing a flavour of some of the more relevant, and “hotter” subjects. Following our usual “curry with the speakers” at the Rajput on the Thursday, our appetiser for the Friday was delivered by Dorian Haskard (NHLI, Imperial College London) on “Cytokine regulation of endothelial activation in chronic inflammation”. Leukocyte-endothelial interactions play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of inflammation. Recent evidence suggests that during inflammation the endothelium up-regulates expression of protective genes. Data presented showed a time-dependent increase in endothelial expression of decay accelerating factor (DAF) induced by TNFa and IFNg, thrombin, C5b-C9 and VEGF. Thus protective endothelial adaptation to chronic inflammation exists, with related mechanisms inhibiting persistent complement-mediated endothelial activation. This was followed by two starters, the first of which was entitled “Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in the kidney” and was given by Caroline Savage (University of Birmingham). Anti-neutrophil cytosplasmic antibodies (ANCA) appear to be involved in neutrophil activation and adherence to endothelium in early lesions in renal inflammation. ANCA can stimulate neutrophils to produce a wide range of proinflammatory mediators, including reactive oxygen species, chemokines and proteases. They can also increase neutrophil adhesion to endothelium. ANCAs can also increase neutrophil apoptosis, although in a dis-regulated fashion, and retention of activated neutrophils undergoing this dis-regulated apoptosis may contribute to endothelial cell damage in inflammation in the kidney. The second starter was entitled “Pulmonary inflammation following exposure to ambient air pollution” and was Inflamm. res. 49 (2000) 438–44

Effects of vitamin C on oxidative stress, inflammation, muscle soreness, and strength following acute exercise: meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials

Abstract: Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) seems to attenuate the overproduction of reactive species during and after exercises. Yet, no meta-analysis has summarized the magnitude of this effect. The objective of this study was to systematically review the effects of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, damage, soreness, and the musculoskeletal functionality after a single bout of exercise. Major electronic databases were searched, from inception to September 2019, for placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative stress parameters, inflammation markers, muscle damage, muscle soreness, and muscle functionality after a single bout of exercise in healthy volunteers. Random-effects modelling was used to compare mean changes from pre- to postexercise in participants that were supplemented with vitamin C versus placebo. Data were reported as standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 18 RCTs, accounting for 313 participants (62% males, median age = 24 years) were included. Vitamin C supplementation reduced lipid peroxidation immediately (SMD = − 0.488; 95% CI = − 0.888 to − 0.088), 1 h (SMD = − 0.521; 95% CI = − 0.911 to − 0.131) and between 1 and 2 h (SMD = − 0.449; 95% CI = − 0.772 to − 0.126) following exercise. Exercise induced interleukin-6 (IL-6) response was attenuated 2 h (SMD = − 0.764; 95% CI = − 1.279 to − 0.248) and between 1 and 2 h (SMD = − 0.447; 95% CI = − 0.828 to − 0.065) after exercise. No effects of vitamin C supplementation were found on creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol levels, muscle soreness, and muscle strength. Vitamin C supplementation attenuates the oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation) and inflammatory response (IL-6) to a single bout of exercise. PROSPERO (CRD42018094222).

Efecto del consumo excesivo de oxígeno después del ejercicio y de la tasa metabólica de reposo en el desgaste energético

Abstract: La creciente prevalencia de la obesidad y el sobrepeso resalta la necesidad de intervenciones para reverter ese cuadro. En ese contexto, la actividad fisica puede contribuir con un doble efecto, por medio de cambios fisiologicos agudos y cronicos: en la primera condicion se encuentra desgaste energetico del ejercicio y recuperacion (EPOC - consumo excesivo de oxigeno despues del ejercicio), y en la segunda se encuentra la tasa metabolica de reposo (TMR). De esta forma, el objetivo de este trabajo de revision ha sido el de investigar el efecto de EPOC y de TMR como coadyuvantes en los programas de adelgazamiento, buscando discutir los divergentes resultados encontrados en la literatura, en lo que se refiere a la magnitud y duracion de EPOC, asi como discutir el efecto del ejercicio en TMR. Los estudios demostraron, de una forma general, que el ejercicio de mayor intensidad es capaz de promover un mayor EPOC, al ser comparado con un ejercicio de intensidad menor y, cuando compararon el ejercicio de resistencia con el aerobico, se verifica un mayor EPOC en el primero. En relacion a las alteraciones de TMR, los resultados agudos muestran un aumento significativo, pero los resultados a largo plazo son mas discrepantes, debido a la dificultad de medir esa variable, sin superestimarla. En conclusion, la literatura apunta que la periodicidad de un entrenamiento que pueda maximizar tanto EPOC como TMR, que pueden ser importantes factores para adelgazamiento, a pesar del costo energetico de esas variables en una sesion de ejercicio se muestre pequeno, a largo plazo podra ser bastante significativo. Sin embargo, nuevos estudios deberan ser realizados con el intuito de confirmar estas evidencias.