Author
Finn Wiedersheim-Paul
Bio: Finn Wiedersheim-Paul is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Uppsala model & Internationalization. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 3571 citations.
Topics: Uppsala model, Internationalization
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyse the internationalization of four Swedish firms (Sandvik, Atlas Copco, Facit and Volvo) and show that they sell more than two-thirds of their turnover abroad and have production facilities in more than one foreign country.
Abstract: Many firms start international operations when they are still comparatively small and gradually develop their operations abroad. This chapter analyses the internationalization of four Swedish firms — Sandvik, Atlas Copco, Facit and Volvo. All of them sell more than two-thirds of their turnover abroad and have production facilities in more than one foreign country. Of the four firms Sandvik is the oldest and also the one which first started its internationalization course. The first contacts with representatives were established in the 1860s. Sandvik's early start with representatives in foreign countries was an innovation at that time. Until then the Swedish iron and steel exporting had mainly been undertaken by trading firms. In 1905 Atlas produced the first air compressor. In 1917 the company was merged with another firm, producing diesel engines. Atlas Copco is five years younger than Sandvik but started the internationalization process considerably later.
3,697 citations
Cited by
More filters
TL;DR: In this paper, a model of the internationalization process of a firm focusing on the gradual acquisition, integration and use of knowledge about foreign markets and operations, and on the incrementally increasing commitments to foreign markets is developed.
Abstract: On the basis of empirical research, a model of the internationalization process of the firm is developed. The model focuses on the gradual acquisition, integration and use of knowledge about foreign markets and operations, and on the incrementally increasing commitments to foreign markets. In particular, attention is concentrated on the increasing involvement in the individual foreign country.
9,918 citations
TL;DR: The Uppsala internationalization process model was revisited in the light of changes in business practices and theoretical advances that have been made since 1977 as mentioned in this paper, and the change mechanisms in the revised model are essentially the same as those in the original version, although they add trust-building and knowledge creation, the latter to recognize the fact that new knowledge is developed in relationships.
Abstract: The Uppsala internationalization process model is revisited in the light of changes in business practices and theoretical advances that have been made since 1977. Now the business environment is viewed as a web of relationships, a network, rather than as a neoclassical market with many independent suppliers and customers. Outsidership, in relation to the relevant network, more than psychic distance, is the root of uncertainty. The change mechanisms in the revised model are essentially the same as those in the original version, although we add trust-building and knowledge creation, the latter to recognize the fact that new knowledge is developed in relationships.
3,700 citations
TL;DR: The contemporary relevance of the Uppsala Internationalisation Model is discussed in this article, which is a framework advanced by a number of Swedish colleagues describing the typical process of "going international".
Abstract: The contemporary relevance of the so‐called Uppsala Internationalisation Model is discussed. This is a framework advanced by a number of Swedish colleagues describing the typical process of “going international”. Johanson and Vahlne respond to the criticisms of the model they proposed in the 1970s and relate it to the Eclectic Paradigm Model and the Networking literature. The concepts of the advantage package and the advantage cycle in the internationalisation context are also introduced.
3,412 citations
TL;DR: A critical review of the cultural distance construct, outlining its hidden assumptions and challenging its theoretical and methodological properties, is presented in this article, where concrete steps aimed at enhancing rigor are delineated.
Abstract: Cultural distance is a widely used construct in international business, where it has been applied to foreign investment expansion, entry mode choice, and the performance of foreign invested affiliates, among others. The present paper presents a critical review of the cultural distance construct, outlining its hidden assumptions and challenging its theoretical and methodological properties. A comprehensive framework for the treatment of the construct is developed and concrete steps aimed at enhancing rigor are delineated.
1,734 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the phenomenon of Born Globals, i.e., companies that adopt an international or even global approach right from their birth or very shortly thereafter, and they consider this phenomenon as being in strong opposition to the traditional models of internationalization.
1,723 citations