Flor Elisa Morales Marroquín

Bio: Flor Elisa Morales Marroquín is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Steady state (electronics) & Intensity (physics). The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 6 publications receiving 10 citations.

High-density Lipoprotein Antioxidant Responses To High-intensity Interval And Steady-state Moderate-intensity Exercise: 3262 Board #23 May 30, 9

Abstract: RESULTS: There were no differences between CHO and PLA trials in the first and second quarter drills. During the third quarter there was a trend (30.2±4.5 to 31.0±4.6s; p=0.08) for a faster full court combination drill in CHO. During the fourth quarter the key combination drill was completed faster in CHO (40.7±4.4 to 42.8±4.1s p=0.002). Additionally, there was a trend for faster completion of the lane slide drill in the CHO trial (36.5±2.2s to 38.1±2.1s; p=0.07). CONCLUSION: Although there were no differences in drill performance during the first two quarters, there is evidence that CHO intake led to faster completion of various third and fourth quarter drills. These data suggest that CHO intake during a basketball game may lead to performance improvements in the latter moments of a game.

High-Density Lipoprotein Antioxidant Responses to High-Intensity Interval and Steady-State Moderate-Intensity Exercise

Abstract: High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) may impart health benefits beyond what is acquired through moderate-intensity steady state exercise (SSE). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), an antioxidant associated with highdensity lipoprotein (HDL), may be altered with exercise; however, it is unclear whether HIIE provides a greater stimulus for increasing PON1 antioxidant activity than a comparable or greater amount of SSE. PURPOSE: Determine the influence of HIIE on PON1 concentration and activity relative to a comparable amount of moderate-intensity SSE and a dose that is half that of SSE. METHODS: Seventeen male participants (age 27.8 + 6.4 yr; weight 80.6 + 9.0 kg; BMI 25.1 + 2.4 kg/m2; %fat = 19 + 5; VO2max 52.1 + 7.5 ml/kg/min) underwent HIIE by treadmill running (90% and 40% of VO2reserve in 3:2 min ratio) to expend 500 kcals (H500); HIIE to expend 250 kcals (H250), and; SSE at 70% VO2reserve to expend 500 kcals (M500) in a randomized crossover design. Intensities of all exercise conditions averaged 70% VO2reserve. Blood measures of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in copper reducing equivalents, HDL ( g/mL), apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1: g/L), PON1 concentration (PON1c: g/mL) and arylesterase activity (PON1a: kU/L) were obtained just before, immediately after, 2 hr and 24 hr after exercise. Significant differences were determined using 3 by 4 repeated measures ANOVAs. Effect sizes were calculated to determine the magnitude of dependent variable responses to exercise. RESULTS: Pre-exercise HDL concentration was lower in H250 and increased most in H250 versus other exercise conditions (p < 0.001, ES = 0.83). Other antioxidant responses were similar across exercise conditions. ApoA1 (+ 8.0%) and PON1a (+ 9.3%) increased immediately after exercise and remained elevated 24 hr after exercise (p < 0.0001 for each; ApoA1 ES = 0.85, PON1a ES = 0.57). PON1c was increased 2.4% above baseline at 2 hr post-exercise (p = 0.0296, ES = 0.18) and TAC was elevated 8.6% above baseline at 24 hr post-exercise (p = 0.0227, ES = 0.48). SUMMARY: HDL and HDL antioxidant properties are transiently potentiated by HIIE with as little as 250 kcals of energy expenditure. HDL antioxidant activity and total antioxidant capacity are elevated with HIIE and SSE of moderate intensity in a similar manner and are observed for up to 24 hr after exercise.

Brachial Artery FMD And Endothelial Responses To High-intensity Interval And Steady-State Moderate-Intensity Exercise: 1139 Board #4 June 1, 3: 15 PM - 5: 15 PM.

Abstract: Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is a nitric oxide-dependent measure of conduit artery endothelial function that is potentiated by moderateand high-intensity steady state exercise (SSE) for up to an hour after exercise; however, it is unclear whether high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) provides a longer-lasting stimulus for enhancing FMD or greater oxidative and nitrative stress on the vascular endothelium than a comparable or greater amount of SSE. PURPOSE: Determine the influence of HIIE on post-exercise brachial artery FMD and the relationship between FMD and markers of endothelial function relative to a comparable amount of moderate-intensity SSE and a dose that is half that of SSE. METHODS: Seventeen male participants (age 27.8 + 6.4 yr; weight 80.6 + 9.0 kg; BMI 25.1 + 2.4 kg/m2; VO2max 52.1 + 7.5 ml/kg/min) underwent HIIE by treadmill running (90% and 40% of VO2reserve in 3:2 min ratio) to expend 500 kcals; HIIE to expend 250 kcals, and; SSE at 70% VO2reserve to expend 500 kcals in a randomized crossover design. All exercise conditions averaged 70% VO2reserve. Ultrasound measurements of brachial artery FMD and blood measures of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in copper reducing equivalents, apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA1: g/L), PON1 concentration (PON1c: g/mL), arylesterase activity (PON1a: kU/L), soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1: ng/mL) and nitrotyrosine (NT: nM) were obtained just before and 2 hr after exercise. FMD responses to exercise were analyzed using 3 (condition) by 2 (sample point) repeated measures ANOVAs. Pearson product-moment correlations of change variables (2 hr post-exercise – pre-exercise values) were calculated to determine relationships between FMD responses and blood variable responses to exercise. RESULTS: Brachial artery FMD responses were unaltered 2 hr after exercise in all three conditions (p > 0.05). FMD responses were correlated with changes in PON1c (r = 0.221, p < 0.0001) and inversely with changes TAC (r = -0.170, p < 0.0001). Changes in s-VCAM1 were correlated with change in NT (r = 0.423, p < 0.0001) and inversely with changes in PON1c (r = -0.177, p < 0.0001). SUMMARY: Brachial artery FMD is unaltered 2 hr after HIIE or SSE of moderate duration in young fit men and does not appear to be related to responses in other markers of endothelial function.

3-nitrotyrosine And Soluble Vascular And Intracellular Adhesion Molecule Responses To High-intensity Interval And Steady-state Moderate-intensity Exercise: 626 Board #22 May 27, 2

Abstract: Vascular endothelium may respond differently to high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) when compared to moderate-intensity steady state exercise (SSE). We hypothesized that greater sympathetic stimulation of soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and greater oxidative and nitrative stress on the vascular endothelium may transiently result from HIIE. PURPOSE: Determine the influence of HIIE on sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and 3-nitrotyrosine (NT), a marker of nitric oxide-dependent reactive nitrogen species and nitrative stress, relative to a comparable amount of moderate-intensity SSE and a dose that is half that of SSE. METHODS: Seventeen male participants (age 27.8 + 6.4 yr; weight 80.6 + 9.0 kg; BMI 25.1 + 2.4 kg/m2; %fat = 19 + 5; VO2max 52.1 + 7.5 ml/kg/min) underwent HIIE by treadmill running (90% and 40% of VO2reserve in 3:2 min ratio) to expend 500 kcals (H500); HIIE to expend 250 kcals (H250), and; SSE at 70% VO2reserve to expend 500 kcals (M500) in a randomized crossover design. Intensities of all exercise conditions averaged 70% VO2reserve. Blood measures of sVCAM-1 (ng/mL), sICAM-1 (ng/mL), NT (nM), epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NE) in pg/mL, were obtained just before, immediately after, 2 hr and 24 hr after exercise. Significant differences were determined using 3 by 4 repeated measures ANOVAs. Effect sizes were calculated to determine the magnitude of dependent variable responses to exercise. RESULTS: HIIE resulted in 2 to 2.5 fold greater EPI responses immediately after exercise versus SSE (p = 0.0059, H250 ES = 1.89; H500 ES = 3.04). NE increased an average of 5.4 times above pre-exercise values across all exercise conditions (p < 0.0001). NT decreased immediately after HIIE (H250 ES = 0.39; H500 ES = -0.97) and returned to baseline by 2 hr post-exercise; whereas, NT was elevated 111% 2 hr (ES = 2.46) and remained 24 hr after SSE (p = 0.0001). sVCAM-1 was unchanged with HIIE but increased 6% immediately following moderate-intensity SSE and remained elevated 24 hr post-exercise (p < 0.0005, ES = 1.01). SUMMARY: Our results are in direct opposition to our hypothesis. Transient elevations in NT and sVCAM-1 after moderate-intensity SSE but not HIIE of similar average intensity and duration may indicate unique effects of interval exercise. NT and sVCAM-1 were not elevated after HIIE in spite of a greater sympathetic response than what was observed after moderate-intensity SSE.

3-Nitrotyrosine and Soluble Vascular and Intracellular Adhesion Molecule Responses to High-Intensity Interval and Steady-State Moderate-Intensity Exercise

Abstract: Vascular endothelium may respond differently to high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) when compared to moderate-intensity steady state exercise (SSE). We hypothesized that greater sympathetic stimulation of soluble vascular adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and greater oxidative and nitrative stress on the vascular endothelium may transiently result from HIIE. PURPOSE: Determine the influence of HIIE on sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and 3-nitrotyrosine (NT), a marker of nitric oxide-dependent reactive nitrogen species and nitrative stress, relative to a comparable amount of moderate-intensity SSE and a dose that is half that of SSE. METHODS: Seventeen male participants (age 27.8 + 6.4 yr; weight 80.6 + 9.0 kg; BMI 25.1 + 2.4 kg/m2; %fat = 19 + 5; VO2max 52.1 + 7.5 ml/kg/min) underwent HIIE by treadmill running (90% and 40% of VO2reserve in 3:2 min ratio) to expend 500 kcals (H500); HIIE to expend 250 kcals (H250), and; SSE at 70% VO2reserve to expend 500 kcals (M500) in a randomized crossover design. Intensities of all exercise conditions averaged 70% VO2reserve. Blood measures of sVCAM-1 (ng/mL), sICAM-1 (ng/mL), NT (nM), epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NE) in pg/mL, were obtained just before, immediately after, 2 hr and 24 hr after exercise. Significant differences were determined using 3 by 4 repeated measures ANOVAs. Effect sizes were calculated to determine the magnitude of dependent variable responses to exercise. RESULTS: HIIE resulted in 2 to 2.5 fold greater EPI responses immediately after exercise versus SSE (p = 0.0059, H250 ES = 1.89; H500 ES = 3.04). NE increased an average of 5.4 times above pre-exercise values across all exercise conditions (p < 0.0001). NT decreased immediately after HIIE (H250 ES = 0.39; H500 ES = -0.97) and returned to baseline by 2 hr post-exercise; whereas, NT was elevated 111% 2 hr (ES = 2.46) and remained 24 hr after SSE (p = 0.0001). sVCAM-1 was unchanged with HIIE but increased 6% immediately following moderate-intensity SSE and remained elevated 24 hr post-exercise (p < 0.0005, ES = 1.01). SUMMARY: Our results are in direct opposition to our hypothesis. Transient elevations in NT and sVCAM-1 after moderate-intensity SSE but not HIIE of similar average intensity and duration may indicate unique effects of interval exercise. NT and sVCAM-1 were not elevated after HIIE in spite of a greater sympathetic response than what was observed after moderate-intensity SSE.

The use of hypnosis as an auto-ethnographic modality in the exploration and management of overweight and obesity - selected case studies

Abstract: The increasing incidence of obesity around the world has become a major problem with health and economic implications for most countries, and one which currently available methods of weight management including diet, exercise and lifestyle advice all seem incapable of controlling. The premise of this project was that some instances of adult obesity could be due to adverse, unresolved childhood traumas and experiences the consequences of which were continuing to act subconsciously in those individuals to impede effective and maintained adult weight loss; and that hypnosis was an appropriate exploratory tool for identifying and resolving these problems to facilitate more effectual weight management. For this purpose a group of seven overweight female volunteers were invited to undertake a series of “state”, dissociative hypnosis sessions involving regression back through their childhood and early adulthood. The resulting recalled autobiography from each participant’s series of hypnosis sessions was recorded, transcribed and analysed to constitute a piece of narrative autoethnography of their childhood past. All seven participants in this project were able to utilise hypnosis effectively to enable them to recall barely remembered past events, feelings and connections which, they realised for the first time as adults, had had a major and long-lasting impact on how they felt about food, their body weight or their body image. Hypnotically recalled memories of guilt and anger were associated with dysfunctional family relationships and childhood eating experiences. For most of these participants the strength of the association between these past times and feelings, and their current long-term overweight problem came as a total surprise. Even in advance of any weight loss most participants were inspired by their discoveries and felt that the telling of this hidden story had had a transformative benefit for them in bringing about reconciliation with the past, understanding of the present and planning for their future. These narrative accounts and results suggest that hypnosis might have wider application for use as an ethnological modality in sociology and health studies more generally.

Acute partial sleep deprivation and high-intensity interval exercise effects on postprandial endothelial function

Abstract: Acute-total and chronic-partial sleep deprivation increase the risks for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiovascular function assessed by flow mediated dilation (FMD) is reduced after sleep deprivation. High-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) improves postprandial FMD. Sleep-deprived individuals may practice HIIE followed by a high-fat breakfast. This study investigated the acute-partial sleep deprivation (APSD) and HIIE interaction on postprandial FMD. Fifteen healthy males (age 31 ± 5 years) participated in: (a) reference sleep (~ 9.5 h) with no HIIE (RS), (b) RS and HIIE (RSX), and (c) APSD and HIIE (SSX). HIIE was performed in 3:2 min intervals at 90% and 40% of VO2 reserve. FMD was assessed the night before (D1), the morning of the next day (D2), 1 h (1hrPE) and 4 h post HIIE (4hrPE). FMD% change was lower at RS compared to both RSX (F1,14 = 23.96, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.631) and SSX (F1,14 = 4.8, p = 0.47, η2 = 0.253) at 1hrPE. RSX and SSX did not differ at 1hrPE (F1,14 = 0.2, p = 0.889, η2 = 0.001), but SSX elicited greater FDM responses. Absolute FMD change was lower at RS compared to both RSX (F1,14 = 21.5, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.606) and SSX (F1,14 = 7.01, p = 0.019, η2 = 0.336) at 1hrPE. RSX and SSX did not differ at 1hrPE (F1,14 = .03, p = 0.858, η2 = 0.002), but SSX elicited greater FDM responses. HIIE short-term effects on cardiovascular function remain cardioprotective even after an acute-partial sleep deprivation.

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Acute Partial Sleep Deprivation on Cardiac Autonomic Modulation.

Abstract: Sleep deprivation in healthy adults has been associated with disrupted autonomic nervous system function, which in turn has been linked to cardiovascular health. High-intensity interval exercise (H...

High-Intensity Interval Exercise Performance and Short-Term Metabolic Responses to Overnight-Fasted Acute-Partial Sleep Deprivation

Abstract: People practicing high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) fasted during the morning hours under a lack of sleep. Such a habit may jeopardize the health benefits related to HIIE and adequate sleep. Fifteen habitually good sleeper males (age 31.1 ± 5.3 SD year) completed on a treadmill two isocaloric (500 kcal) HIIE sessions (3:2 min work:rest) averaged at 70% VO2reserve after 9-9.5 h of reference sleep exercise (RSE) and after 3-3.5 h of acute-partial sleep deprivation exercise (SSE). Diet and sleep patterns were controlled both 1 week prior and 2 days leading up to RSE and SSE. HIIE related performance and substrate utilization data were obtained from the continuous analysis of respiratory gases. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with the baseline maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body fat percentage (BF%) as covariates at p < 0.05. No difference was observed in VO2max, time to complete the HIIE, VE, RER, CHO%, and FAT% utilization during the experimental conditions. Whether attaining an adequate amount of sleep or not, the fasted HIIE performance and metabolism were not affected. We propose to practice the fasted HIIE under adequate sleep to receive the pleiotropic beneficial effects of sleep to the human body.