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Objectives:This guideline provides recommendations for the clinical management of schizophrenia and related disorders for health professionals working in Australia and New Zealand. It aims to encou...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0004867416641195

Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders

The FOCUS smartphone intervention was developed to provide automated real-time/real-place illness management support to individuals with schizophrenia. The system was specifically designed to be usable by people with psychotic disorders who may have cognitive impairment, psychotic symptoms, negative symptoms, and/or low reading levels. FOCUS offers users both prescheduled and on-demand resources to facilitate symptom management, mood regulation, medication adherence, social functioning, and improved sleep. In this study, 33 individuals with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder used FOCUS over a 1-month period in their own environments. Participants were able to learn how to use the intervention independently, and all but one participant completed the trial successfully and returned the smartphones intact. Completers used the system on 86.5% of days they had the device, an average of 5.2 times a day. Approximately 62% of use of the FOCUS intervention was initiated by the participants, and 38% of use was in response to automated prompts. Baseline levels of cognitive functioning, negative symptoms, persecutory ideation, and reading level were not related to participants' use of the intervention. Approximately 90% of participants rated the intervention as highly acceptable and usable. Paired samples t tests found significant reductions in psychotic symptoms, depression, and general psychopathology, after 1 month of FOCUS use. This study demonstrated the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of the FOCUS intervention for schizophrenia and introduces a new treatment model which has promise for extending the reach of evidence-based care beyond the confines of a physical clinic using widely available technologies.

Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of a Smartphone Intervention for Schizophrenia

Online, social media and mobile technologies for psychosis treatment: a systematic review on novel user-led interventions

Over 50% of people with a severe mental illness also use illicit drugs and/or alcohol at hazardous levels. This review is based on the findings of 32 randomized controlled trials which assessed the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions, offered either as one-off treatments or as an integrated or nonintegrated program, to reduce substance use by people with a severe mental illness. The findings showed that there was no consistent evidence to support any one psychosocial treatment over another. Differences across trials with regard to outcome measures, sample characteristics, type of mental illness and substance used, settings, levels of adherence to treatment guidelines, and standard care all made pooling results difficult. More quality trials are required that adhere to proper randomization methods; use clinically valuable, reliable, and validated measurement scales; and clearly report data, including retention in treatment, relapse, and abstinence rates. Future trials of this quality will allow a more thorough assessment of the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for reducing substance use in this challenging population.

/pdf/psychosocial-interventions-for-people-with-both-severe-33ma7jzrmg.pdf

Psychosocial Interventions for People With Both Severe Mental Illness and Substance Misuse

The current state of the literature regarding psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia is reviewed within the frameworks of the recovery model of mental health and the expanded stress-vulnerability model. Interventions targeting specific domains of functioning, age groups, stages of illness, and human service system gaps are classified as evidence-based practices or promising practices according to the extent to which their efficacy is currently supported by meta-analyses and individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Evidence-based practices include assertive community treatment (ACT), cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for psychosis, cognitive remediation, family psychoeducation, illness self-management training, social skills training, and supported employment. Promising practices include cognitive adaptive therapy, CBT for posttraumatic stress disorder, first-episode psychosis intervention, healthy lifestyle interventions, integrated treatment for co-occurring disorders, interventions targeting older individuals, peer support services, physical disease management, prodromal stage intervention, social cognition training, supported education, and supported housing. Implications and future directions are discussed.

Psychosocial Treatments for Schizophrenia

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a newly designed peer support training program for first responders titled Recognize, Evaluate, Advocate, Coordinate, and Track (REACT). REACT was developed in partnership with public safety agencies to address the need for promoting psychological health. This resulted in the development of a program that uses train-the-trainer methodology to address primary prevention of stress injuries. REACT was an all-day training that consisted of four modules, each featuring instruction and practice. Six public safety agencies totaling 30 individuals (76.9% from four fire departments, 23.1% from two emergency communication centers) participated in REACT. The primary outcomes were knowledge and training-related self-efficacy; secondary outcomes included general self-efficacy, resilience, and improved attitudes and expectations. A peer-support model, using a train-the-trainer methodology, is a promising approach for addressing the promotion of psychological health.

REACT: A paraprofessional training program for first responders—A pilot study

Women who abuse substances are at a high-risk for contracting HIV Condom use interventions are important in reducing HIV in high-risk populations, but current interventions have small effects The aim of this study is to examine the relative impact of substance use, personal variables (sexual impulsivity and condom expectancies), and relationship variables (perceptions of relationship commitment and partner risk, perceptions of power within the relationship) on condom use in women in court-mandated substance abuse treatment Information was collected from 312 sexually active women in an inpatient drug and alcohol treatment facility in the Southeastern US Participants completed questionnaires and were interviewed using the Timeline Follow-back method and provided information about sexual activity in the 30-days prior to intake, including type of sexual event, co-occurrence with substance use, condom use, and characteristics of sexual partners and the nature of the relationship Multilevel logistic modelin

Predictors of condom use in women receiving court-mandated drug and alcohol treatment: implications for intervention

Objective: Survivors of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) report impaired quality of life despite long duration of cure. Research regarding predictors of quality of life in this population has largely been limited to demographic characteristics. Type D personality (high levels of negative affect and social inhibition) is correlated with quality of life in other chronic illness populations, but has not been thoroughly assessed in survivors of DTC. Therefore, the present study assessed Type D personality as a predictor of quality of life in survivors of DTC. Depressive symptoms were controlled for in analyses to address concerns regarding conceptual similarity of Type D personality to depression. Methods: Participants included survivors of DTC as registered in the Patient Reported Outcomes Following Initial Treatment and Long-term Survivorship (PROFILES) registry. Questionnaires on psychosocial functioning were mailed to 334 survivors. Data from eligible respondents (N = 284) were utilized in logistic regressions to assess relationships between Type D personality and quality of life domains. Results: Type D personality did not predict physical, social, cognitive, or role functioning beyond what was predicted by depression. Type D personality did add to the prediction of impairment in emotional functioning at the .01 alpha level. Depression significantly predicted impaired quality of life across all measured domains. These findings were replicated across categorical and continuous measurement approaches. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms robustly predict quality of life in survivors of DTC. Type D personality does not predict quality of life beyond what is accounted for by symptoms of depression in most quality of life domains.

https://www.healthpsychologybulletin.com/articles/10.5334/hpb.9/galley/27/download/

Depressive Symptoms (Not Type D Personality) Predict Quality of Life in Survivors of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Objectives:This study aimed to assess patient satisfaction with behavioral health consultation in a primary and specialty care setting and to gauge patient interest in other behavioral health services.Methods:We surveyed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (N = 65), following a brief behavioral health consultation about their satisfaction with the experience and their interest in various behavioral health services. Doctoral students with master’s degrees in clinical psychology provided the consultations.Results:Patients were highly satisfied with behavioral health consultations and expressed moderate to high interest in various potential behavioral health services. Patients with more diabetes-related concerns were less satisfied with brief behavioral health consultations but reported greater interest in other behavioral health services.Conclusions:Results were used to build stakeholder support and guide expansion of integrated behavioral health services. Examining patient experience can help identify p...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2374373515615976

Frances Deavers

Papers

Psychosocial Treatments for Schizophrenia

REACT: A paraprofessional training program for first responders—A pilot study

Predictors of condom use in women receiving court-mandated drug and alcohol treatment: implications for intervention

Depressive Symptoms (Not Type D Personality) Predict Quality of Life in Survivors of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Integration of Behavioral Health and Medical Services: Using Patient Experience as a Guide