Author
Francesco Bonina
Bio: Francesco Bonina is an academic researcher from University of Catania. The author has contributed to research in topics: Stratum corneum & Skin erythema. The author has an hindex of 44, co-authored 133 publications receiving 6650 citations.
Topics: Stratum corneum, Skin erythema, Prodrug, Antioxidant, Absorption (skin)
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: The hypothesis will be discussed that flavonoid capacity to modify membrane-dependent processes, such as free-radical-induced membrane lipoperoxidation, is related not only to their structural characteristics but also to their ability to interact with and penetrate the lipid bilayers.
703 citations
TL;DR: The findings indicate the following: the antioxidant efficiency of orange juices may be attributed, in a significant part at least, to their content of total phenols, while ascorbic acid seems to play a minor role.
Abstract: Several fresh orange juices, obtained from five different Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck varieties (three pigmented varieties, Moro, Sanguinello, and Tarocco, and two blond varieties, Valencia late and Washington navel), were subjected to antioxidant profile determination (including total polyphenols, flavanones, anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acids, and ascorbic acid). The antioxidant activity of these juices was then assessed by means of different “in vitro” tests (bleaching of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical; peroxidation, induced by the water-soluble radical initiator 2,2‘-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride, on mixed dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/linoleic acid unilamellar vesicles; scavenging activity against nitric oxide; total antioxidant status). All orange juices tested showed an evident antioxidant effect. Our findings indicate the following: (1) the antioxidant efficiency of orange juices may be attributed, in a significant part at least, to their content of total phenols, (2)...
389 citations
TL;DR: It is confirmed, by means of in vitro and in vivo experiments, that caffeic and ferulic acids may be successfully employed as topical protective agents against UV radiation-induced skin damage; however their skin absorption is not influenced by the pH of the formulation.
309 citations
TL;DR: Direct as well as indirect evidences corroborate the early reports on the usefulness of lipid nanoparticles as carriers for topical administration, stimulating new and deeper investigations in the field.
246 citations
TL;DR: Reflectance spectroscopy demonstrated that indomethacin incorporated into MO dispersions can be released in a prolonged fashion and can be proposed as nanoparticulate systems able to control the percutaneous absorption of indometHacin.
Abstract: The present study concerns the production and characterization of monooleine (MO) dispersions as drug delivery systems for indomethacin, taken as model anti-inflammatory drug. Dispersions were produced by emulsification and homogenization of MO and poloxamer in water. Morphology and dimensional distribution of the disperse phase have been characterized by cryo-transmission electron microscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy, respectively. X-ray diffraction has been performed to determine the structural organization of the disperse phase. Sedimentation field flow fractionation (SdFFF) has been performed to investigate drug distribution in the dispersion. An in vitro diffusion study was conducted by Franz cell associated to stratum corneum epidermis membrane on cubosome dispersions viscosized by carbomer. In vivo studies based on skin reflectance spectrophotometry and tape stripping were performed to better investigate the performance of cubosome as indomethacin delivery system. Microscopy studies showed the coexistence of vesicles and cubosomes. X-ray diffraction revealed the presence of a bicontinuous cubic phase of spatial symmetry Im3m (Q229). SdFFF demonstrated that no free drug was present in the dispersion. Indomethacin incorporated in viscosized MO dispersions exhibited a lower flux with respect to the analogous formulation containing the free drug in the aqueous phase and to the control formulation based on carbomer gel. Reflectance spectroscopy demonstrated that indomethacin incorporated into MO dispersions can be released in a prolonged fashion. Tape-stripping experiments corroborated this finding. MO dispersions can be proposed as nanoparticulate systems able to control the percutaneous absorption of indomethacin.
228 citations
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TL;DR: The factors underlying the influence of the different classes of polyphenols in enhancing their resistance to oxidation are discussed and support the contention that the partition coefficients of the flavonoids as well as their rates of reaction with the relevant radicals define the antioxidant activities in the lipophilic phase.
8,513 citations
TL;DR: The nature and contents of the various polyphenols present in food sources and the influence of agricultural practices and industrial processes are reviewed, and bioavailability appears to differ greatly between the variousPolyphenols, and the most abundantpolyphenols in the authors' diet are not necessarily those that have the best bioavailability profile.
6,842 citations
TL;DR: The anticancer effects of phenolics in-vitro and in- vivo animal models are viewed, including recent human intervention studies, and possible mechanisms of action involving antioxidant and pro-oxidant activity as well as interference with cellular functions are discussed.
Abstract: Phenolics are broadly distributed in the plant kingdom and are the most abundant secondary metabolites of plants. Plant polyphenols have drawn increasing attention due to their potent antioxidant properties and their marked effects in the prevention of various oxidative stress associated diseases such as cancer. In the last few years, the identification and development of phenolic compounds or extracts from different plants has become a major area of health- and medical-related research. This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview on phenolic extraction, purification, analysis and quantification as well as their antioxidant properties. Furthermore, the anticancer effects of phenolics in-vitro and in-vivo animal models are viewed, including recent human intervention studies. Finally, possible mechanisms of action involving antioxidant and pro-oxidant activity as well as interference with cellular functions are discussed.
3,213 citations
TL;DR: Phenolic compounds, ubiquitous in plants are an essential part of the human diet, and are of considerable interest due to their antioxidant properties as mentioned in this paper, and their structures may range from a simple phenolic molecule to a complex high-molecular weight polymer.
2,723 citations
TL;DR: Experimental studies on animals or cultured human cell lines support a role of polyphenols in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, or osteoporosis, but no clear associations have been found between cancer risk and polyphenol consumption.
Abstract: Polyphenols are the most abundant antioxidants in the diet and are widespread constituents of fruits, vegetables, cereals, dry legumes, chocolate, and beverages, such as tea, coffee, or wine. Experimental studies on animals or cultured human cell lines support a role of polyphenols in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, or osteoporosis. However, it is very difficult to predict from these results the effects of polyphenol intake on disease prevention in humans. One of the reasons is that these studies have often been conducted at doses or concentrations far beyond those documented in humans. The few clinical studies on biomarkers of oxidative stress, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and tumor or bone resorption biomarkers have often led to contradictory results. Epidemiological studies have repeatedly shown an inverse association between the risk of myocardial infarction and the consumption of tea and wine or the intake level of some particular flavonoids, but no clear associations have been found between cancer risk and polyphenol consumption. More human studies are needed to provide clear evidence of their health protective effects and to better evaluate the risks possibly resulting from too high a polyphenol consumption.
2,684 citations