Francis T. Cullen

Bio: Francis T. Cullen is an academic researcher from University of Cincinnati. The author has contributed to research in topics: Poison control & Juvenile delinquency. The author has an hindex of 87, co-authored 385 publications receiving 33663 citations. Previous affiliations of Francis T. Cullen include Columbia University & Western Illinois University.

The Impact of Maternal Employment Serious Youth Crime: Does the Quality of Working Conditions Matter?

Abstract: Social critics and the general public have for some time voiced a variety of concerns related to the increasing entrance of women into the paid labor market A popular assumption has been that the children of working women are prone to criminal activity The authors analyze data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), using multiple regression models to examine whether the occupational status of mothers has criminogenic effects on their children during adolescence and early adulthood (15- to 19-year-olds) After tracing the effects of maternal resources, work hours, and occupational controls to criminality, the authors find that cumulative time spent by mothers in paid employment had no measurable influence on criminal involvement On the other hand, coercively controlled maternal work over time was related to greater criminal involvement (in their children) in adolescence

The Effects of the Use of Grades as an Incentive

Abstract: Previous research has only tangentially explored the effects of an incentive frequently employed by teachers-grades. To fill this void, 233 students from 14 high school classes were either offered points (ranging from 2 to 12) on their final grade of the term for completing an assignment or threatened with loss of points (ranging from 1 to 7) for not completing an assignment. A control class was asked to complete the assignment without gaining or forfeiting any points. Data suggested that grades used as an incentive elicited greater assignment completion than when no incentive was used, that assignment completion was greater when grades were used as a negative as opposed to a positive incentive, and that as the level of incentive utilized rose, assignment completion tended to increase.

Labeling Theory and Correctional Rehabilitation: Beyond Unanticipated Consequences

Abstract: As Louis Schneider (1975: 331) notes, “the sociologist always has an understandable desire … to get away from the obvious, to penetrate deeper, to be analytically resourceful, to bring enlightenment.” This is often achieved by pointing out what is latent in social life and has unanticipated consequences (Merton, 1936). Particularly valued are those revelations that illuminate the ironic—how efforts to reach one social goal actually have the opposite results. Unmasking “fatal remedies,” as Sam Sieber (1981) calls them, brings special status, for here the scholar shows sufficient wisdom to depict how the road to social hell is paved with good intentions.

Using Multivariate Statistics

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In a Different Voice. Psychological Theory and Women’s Development. Cambridge, MA (Harvard University Press) 1982.

Abstract: Introduction 1. Woman's Place in Man's Life Cycle 2. Images of Relationship 3. Concepts of Self and Morality 4. Crisis and Transition 5. Women's Rights and Women's Judgment 6. Visions of Maturity References Index of Study Participants General Index

A meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory.

Abstract: The present article presents a meta-analytic test of intergroup contact theory. With 713 independent samples from 515 studies, the meta-analysis finds that intergroup contact typically reduces intergroup prejudice. Multiple tests indicate that this finding appears not to result from either participant selection or publication biases, and the more rigorous studies yield larger mean effects. These contact effects typically generalize to the entire outgroup, and they emerge across a broad range of outgroup targets and contact settings. Similar patterns also emerge for samples with racial or ethnic targets and samples with other targets. This result suggests that contact theory, devised originally for racial and ethnic encounters, can be extended to other groups. A global indicator of Allport's optimal contact conditions demonstrates that contact under these conditions typically leads to even greater reduction in prejudice. Closer examination demonstrates that these conditions are best conceptualized as an interrelated bundle rather than as independent factors. Further, the meta-analytic findings indicate that these conditions are not essential for prejudice reduction. Hence, future work should focus on negative factors that prevent intergroup contact from diminishing prejudice as well as the development of a more comprehensive theory of intergroup contact.

High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success.

Abstract: What good is self-control? We incorporated a new measure of individual differences in self-control into two large investigations of a broad spectrum of behaviors. The new scale showed good internal consistency and retest reliability. Higher scores on self-control correlated with a higher grade point average, better adjustment (fewer reports of psychopathology, higher self-esteem), less binge eating and alcohol abuse, better relationships and interpersonal skills, secure attachment, and more optimal emotional responses. Tests for curvilinearity failed to indicate any drawbacks of so-called overcontrol, and the positive effects remained after controlling for social desirability. Low self-control is thus a significant risk factor for a broad range of personal and interpersonal problems.

Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity

Abstract: 1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Detecting Influential Observations and Outliers. 3. Detecting and Assessing Collinearity. 4. Applications and Remedies. 5. Research Issues and Directions for Extensions. Bibliography. Author Index. Subject Index.