Showing papers by "Frank E. Speizer published in 1976"
TL;DR: Analysis showed a significant tendency for chronic bronchitis to aggregate within households, and correlation of 1-sec forced expiratory volume between mother and child appeared to be confounded by maternal smoking habits.
Abstract: Persons from 148 randomly selected households in an urban community were screened in their homes using a modified British Medical Research Council respiratory disease questionnaire and a portable spirometer. Analysis showed a significant tendency for chronic bronchitis to aggregate within households. Significant aggregation was observed for 1-sec forced expiratory volume, when measured as the per cent of the predicted value or as a score calculated from the data. The 1-sec forced expiratory volume was significantly correlated between siblings, but less clearly so between spouses. Correlation of 1-sec forced expiratory volume between mother and child appeared to be confounded by maternal smoking habits, an effect most notable between mothers and male offspring. The 1-sec forced expiratory volume of fathers was significantly correlated with that of their children, especially female children, an effect that appeared to be independent of smoking habits.
67 citations
TL;DR: Data from comparable studies were assessed and were shown to corroborate the observation that men appear to be at a greater risk for chronic bronchitis, but less clearly so for obstructive airway disease.
Abstract: Data from a study of chronic bronchitis and obstructive airway disease prevalence in an urban population were used to obtain estimates of the risk of these diseases in smokers and to detail the eff...
45 citations
TL;DR: There was a strong association (P less than .001) between persons over 35 with chronic respiratory diseases and the disease rate in their first order relatives and the association could not be explained by differences in demographic variables and smoking habits.
Abstract: The 1970 National Health Interview Survey included questions on respiratory disease and smoking habits. The new data were released in July 1974. Data consisted of information on approximately 116,000 persons from 37,000 households selected randomly from 357 primary sampling units. To test a hypothesis about familial clustering of chronic respiratory disease in households, we selected as index households those having an adult (aged 35-54 years) reporting a diagnosis of asthma, bronchitis, or emphysema and also having first order relatiaves less than age 35. Index households were matched with households from the same neighbourhood having an adult aged 35-54, of the same sex as the diseased person in the index household, without disease and with all other adults 35-54 without disease, and which had first order relatives less than 35 living in the same household. Analysis was carried out using Cochran's d-test to compare frequency of respiratory disease in persons less than 35 in each group. There was a strong association (P less than .001) between persons over 35 with chronic respiratory diseases and the disease rate in their first order relatives. The association could not be explained by differences in demographic variables and smoking habits.
23 citations
TL;DR: No one method of surveillance provided accurate estimates of respiratory morbidity in young children, and physicians' records were not reliable enough to be used as the sole source for data validation, but use of multiple sources for surveillance provided illness rates comparable to those obtained in other community surveillance programs.
Abstract: The data presented represent a pilot study to determine the most efficient method of detecting the frequency and severity of respiratory illnesses in a defined population of children. Home surveillance telephone calls, parent-completed diaries, and monitoring of school absence lists were used. Detailed questionnaires were used to investigate reported illnesses. No one method of surveillance provided accurate estimates of respiratory morbidity in young children, and physicians' records were not reliable enough to be used as the sole source for data validation. Use of multiple sources for surveillance, however, provided illness rates comparable to those obtained in other community surveillance programs.
17 citations