Frank M. White

Bio: Frank M. White is an academic researcher from University of Rhode Island. The author has contributed to research in topics: Turbulence & Boundary layer. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 32 publications receiving 2232 citations.

A simplified approach to the analysis of turbulent boundary layers in two and three dimensions

Abstract: The report deals with a new method of calculation of coupled skin friction and heat transfer in two-dimensional turbulent boundary layers and also with the calculation of axisymmetric and three-dimensional turbulent boundary layers and also with the calculation of axisymmetric and three-dimensional turbulent skin friction. It is based upon an integral approach which assumes analytic law-of-the-wall velocity and temperature profiles through the boundary layer. The new theory is compared to several important experimental studies and the general agreement is good. (Author Modified Abstract)

Review—Basic Research Needs in Fluid Mechanics

Abstract: A small segment of the engineering community was surveyed to obtain their judgment regarding the long-range needs for basic research in fluid mechanics. This segment consisted of approximately 600 persons active in heat transfer and fluid mechanics committees within The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Close to 200 persons responded giving useful information relating to needed research. Of the many topics identified, six generic areas stood out: turbulence; multiphase flows; fluid structure interactions; boundary layer effects; biological, geological, and environmental fluid flow; and the need for new facilities and improved instrumentation. These six areas were summarized and an initial estimate of the research priorities presented to the DOE-ESCOE workshop on Fluid Dynamics and Thermal Processes held at the University of Kentucky on February 1–2, 1979. The priorities were modified and the final results of the workshop included herein.

Rapid Engineering Calculation of Two-Dimensional Turbulent Skin Friction

Abstract: : The report outlines the details for engineering use of White's two- dimensional theory of turbulent skin friction under arbitrary compressible flow conditions. The new method is not only simple but accurate. It is recommended for general use by engineering designers. The method concerns skin friction only. The report presents methods for hand or digital computer computation. Several examples are presented.

Basic research needs in fluid mechanics

Abstract: A small segment of the engineering community was surveyed to obtain their judgment regarding the long-range needs for basic research in fluid mechanics. This segment consisted of approximately 600 persons active in heat transfer and fluid mechanics committees within the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Close to 200 persons responded giving useful information relating to needed research. Of the many topics identified, six generic areas stood out: turbulence; multiphase flows; fluid structure interactions; boundary layer effects; biological, geological, and environmental fluid flow; and the need for new facilities and improved instrumentation. These six areas were summarized and an initial estimate of the research priorities presented to the DOE-ESCOE workshop on Fluid Dynamics and Thermal Processes held at the University of Kentucky on February 1 and 2, 1979. The priorities were modified and the final results of the workshop are presented.

Pattern formation outside of equilibrium

Abstract: A comprehensive review of spatiotemporal pattern formation in systems driven away from equilibrium is presented, with emphasis on comparisons between theory and quantitative experiments. Examples include patterns in hydrodynamic systems such as thermal convection in pure fluids and binary mixtures, Taylor-Couette flow, parametric-wave instabilities, as well as patterns in solidification fronts, nonlinear optics, oscillatory chemical reactions and excitable biological media. The theoretical starting point is usually a set of deterministic equations of motion, typically in the form of nonlinear partial differential equations. These are sometimes supplemented by stochastic terms representing thermal or instrumental noise, but for macroscopic systems and carefully designed experiments the stochastic forces are often negligible. An aim of theory is to describe solutions of the deterministic equations that are likely to be reached starting from typical initial conditions and to persist at long times. A unified description is developed, based on the linear instabilities of a homogeneous state, which leads naturally to a classification of patterns in terms of the characteristic wave vector q0 and frequency ω0 of the instability. Type Is systems (ω0=0, q0≠0) are stationary in time and periodic in space; type IIIo systems (ω0≠0, q0=0) are periodic in time and uniform in space; and type Io systems (ω0≠0, q0≠0) are periodic in both space and time. Near a continuous (or supercritical) instability, the dynamics may be accurately described via "amplitude equations," whose form is universal for each type of instability. The specifics of each system enter only through the nonuniversal coefficients. Far from the instability threshold a different universal description known as the "phase equation" may be derived, but it is restricted to slow distortions of an ideal pattern. For many systems appropriate starting equations are either not known or too complicated to analyze conveniently. It is thus useful to introduce phenomenological order-parameter models, which lead to the correct amplitude equations near threshold, and which may be solved analytically or numerically in the nonlinear regime away from the instability. The above theoretical methods are useful in analyzing "real pattern effects" such as the influence of external boundaries, or the formation and dynamics of defects in ideal structures. An important element in nonequilibrium systems is the appearance of deterministic chaos. A greal deal is known about systems with a small number of degrees of freedom displaying "temporal chaos," where the structure of the phase space can be analyzed in detail. For spatially extended systems with many degrees of freedom, on the other hand, one is dealing with spatiotemporal chaos and appropriate methods of analysis need to be developed. In addition to the general features of nonequilibrium pattern formation discussed above, detailed reviews of theoretical and experimental work on many specific systems are presented. These include Rayleigh-Benard convection in a pure fluid, convection in binary-fluid mixtures, electrohydrodynamic convection in nematic liquid crystals, Taylor-Couette flow between rotating cylinders, parametric surface waves, patterns in certain open flow systems, oscillatory chemical reactions, static and dynamic patterns in biological media, crystallization fronts, and patterns in nonlinear optics. A concluding section summarizes what has and has not been accomplished, and attempts to assess the prospects for the future.

Finite Volume Methods for Hyperbolic Problems

Abstract: Preface 1. Introduction 2. Conservation laws and differential equations 3. Characteristics and Riemann problems for linear hyperbolic equations 4. Finite-volume methods 5. Introduction to the CLAWPACK software 6. High resolution methods 7. Boundary conditions and ghost cells 8. Convergence, accuracy, and stability 9. Variable-coefficient linear equations 10. Other approaches to high resolution 11. Nonlinear scalar conservation laws 12. Finite-volume methods for nonlinear scalar conservation laws 13. Nonlinear systems of conservation laws 14. Gas dynamics and the Euler equations 15. Finite-volume methods for nonlinear systems 16. Some nonclassical hyperbolic problems 17. Source terms and balance laws 18. Multidimensional hyperbolic problems 19. Multidimensional numerical methods 20. Multidimensional scalar equations 21. Multidimensional systems 22. Elastic waves 23. Finite-volume methods on quadrilateral grids Bibliography Index.

Quantification of uncertainty in computational fluid dynamics

Abstract: This review covers Verification, Validation, Confirmation and related subjects for computational fluid dynamics (CFD), including error taxonomies, error estimation and banding, convergence rates, surrogate estimators, nonlinear dynamics, and error estimation for grid adaptation vs Quantification of Uncertainty.