Showing papers by "Freddie Bray published in 2009"
TL;DR: The routines in place at the CRN yields comparable data that can be considered reasonably accurate, close-to-complete and timely, thereby justifying the policy of the reporting of annual incidence one year after the year of diagnosis.
726 citations
TL;DR: An update of the practical aspects and techniques for addressing data quality at the cancer registry is provided, namely, the comparability, validity and timeliness of cancer registry data.
430 citations
TL;DR: This second instalment of a two-part review of data quality methods at the cancer registry focuses on the principles and techniques available for estimating completeness, separating methods into those that are semi-quantitative -- in that they give an indication of the degree of completeness relative to other registries or over time, and more quantitative techniques -- those that provide a numerical evaluation.
417 citations
TL;DR: Remarkable contrasts were observed on cervical cancer mortality, in particular, between the old and new member states of the EU, which might probably be explained by differences in preventive strategies.
282 citations
TL;DR: Differences in the extent of PSA testing and mammographic screening, and increasing use of colonoscopy and faecal blood testing together with improving cancer care are probably the major underlying reasons for the improvements in survival for cancers of prostate, breast, colon and rectum in Europe.
150 citations
TL;DR: The proportion of cured of all cancers combined is a useful general indicator of cancer control as it reflects progress in diagnosis and treatment, as well as success in the prevention of rapidly fatal cancers.
91 citations
TL;DR: A multiplicative frailty model is developed that allows for the demonstrated points of inflection at ages 15–24 and 65–74 and gives a significant improvement in fit over a unimodal frailties and applies to population-based cancer registry data worldwide.
Abstract: The incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) varies widely according to age at diagnosis, geographic location, and ethnic background. On a global scale, NPC incidence is common among specific populations primarily living in southern and eastern Asia and northern Africa, but in most areas, including almost all western countries, it remains a relatively uncommon malignancy. Specific to these low-risk populations is a general observation of possible bimodality in the observed age-incidence curves. We have developed a multiplicative frailty model that allows for the demonstrated points of inflection at ages 15-24 and 65-74. The bimodal frailty model has 2 independent compound Poisson-distributed frailties and gives a significant improvement in fit over a unimodal frailty model. Applying the model to population-based cancer registry data worldwide, 2 biologically relevant estimates are derived, namely the proportion of susceptible individuals and the number of genetic and epigenetic events required for the tumor to develop. The results are critically compared and discussed in the context of existing knowledge of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of NPC.
13 citations
TL;DR: Model‐based projections were shown to be useful for deriving most up‐to‐date population‐based cancer survival estimates and may contribute to improved timeliness of monitoring of concurrent trends in population‐ based cancer survival in cancer registries operating in different populations and socioeconomic environments.
Abstract: Model-based projections were shown to be useful for deriving most up-to-date population-based cancer survival estimates. However, the performance of these projections, which can be derived by various approaches, has only been evaluated in very few cancer patient populations. Using incidence and follow-up data for 22 common cancers from 9 long-standing population-based cancer registries from diverse parts of Europe, we compared the performance of model-based period and cohort analysis for predicting 5-year relative survival of patients diagnosed in 1996-2000 against standard survival analysis approaches (cohort, complete and period analysis). Overall, model-based predictions provided a best estimate of the later observed actual survival in 135 of 198 occasions, compared to 25, 18 and 33 occasions for cohort, complete and period analysis, respectively. Projections based on cohort and period type modeling performed essentially equally well on average, and their performance was better for more common cancers, in registries with larger population bases, and for cancers subjected to continuous clinical progress and/or ongoing screening efforts. Projections from model-based analysis may contribute to improved timeliness of monitoring of concurrent trends in population-based cancer survival in cancer registries operating in different populations and socioeconomic environments.
11 citations
TL;DR: The traditional function of population-based cancer registries as providers of timely and relevant information on cancer incidence has expanded in the last decades to include research on the causes of cancer and their prevention.
Abstract: The traditional function of population-based cancer registries as providers of timely and relevant information on cancer incidence has expanded in the last decades to include research on the causes of cancer and their prevention. The quality of the data collected is critical in justifying its use in epidemiological research and decision-making. Completeness is a key indicator of quality and determines the extent to which all incident cancers in the population are included in the registry [1]. The Cancer Registry of Norway has, since 1952, systematically collected notifications on cancer for the Norwegian population. Recent evaluations indicate the Registry is close to complete, partly through compulsory reporting practices and the use of multiples sources of information [2,3].
10 citations
TL;DR: There are substantive quality-of-life issues associated with the PSA test and with a subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis, and the current lack of evidence regarding the consequences of mass screening for a mainly healthy population does not necessarily apply to early detection efforts in a clinical setting.
8 citations