Frederic Vitart

TL;DR: ERA-Interim as discussed by the authors is the latest global atmospheric reanalysis produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), which will extend back to the early part of the twentieth century.

TL;DR: The ERA-20C water cycle features stable precipitation minus evaporation global averages and no spurious jumps or trends as mentioned in this paper, and the assimilation of observations adds realism on synoptic time scales.

TL;DR: The Subseasonal to Seasonal (S2S) Prediction research project has been established by the World Weather Research Programme/World Climate Research Programme as discussed by the authors, which is the main deliverable of this project is the establishment of an extensive database containing sub-seasonal (up to 60 days) forecasts, 3 weeks behind real time, and reforecasts from 11 operational centers, modeled in part on the The Observing System Research and Predictability Experiment (THORPEX) Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE) database for medium-range forecasts.

TL;DR: In this article, an improved version of the ECMWF model is proposed to simulate atmospheric variability with a variable convective adjustment time-scale, a convective entrainment rate proportional to the environmental relative humidity, as well as free tropospheric diffusion coefficients for heat and momentum based on Monin-Obukhov functional dependencies.

TL;DR: The ERA-Interim/Land dataset as discussed by the authors provides a global integrated and coherent estimate of soil moisture and snow water equivalent, which can also be used for the initialization of numerical weather prediction and climate models.