Fuguo Jiang

TL;DR: This review aims to provide an in-depth mechanistic and structural understanding of Cas9-mediated RNA-guided DNA targeting and cleavage and provides a framework for rational engineering aimed at altering catalytic function, guide RNA specificity, and PAM requirements and reducing off-target activity for the development of Cas 9-based therapies against genetic diseases.

TL;DR: To compare the architectures and domain organization of diverse Cas9 proteins, the atomic structures of Cas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes and Actinomyces naeslundii and AnaCas9 were determined by x-ray crystallography and three-dimensional reconstructions of apo-SpyCas9, SpyCas9:RNA, and SpyCas 9:RNA:DNA were obtained by negative-stain single-particle electron microscopy.

TL;DR: This work identifies the polyuridine motif of the HCV genome 3′ non-translated region and its replication intermediate as the PAMP substrate of RIG-I, and shows that this and similar homopolyuridine or homopolyriboadenine motifs present in the genomes of RNA viruses are the chief feature of Rig-I recognition and immune triggering in human and murine cells.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a delivery vehicle composed of gold nanoparticles conjugated to DNA and complexed with cationic endosomal disruptive polymers can deliver Cas9 ribonucleoprotein and donor DNA into a wide variety of cell types and efficiently correct the DNA mutation that causes Duchenne muscular dystrophy in mice via local injection, with minimal off-target DNA damage.

TL;DR: Molecular structures of the catalytically active Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 R-loop are determined that show the displaced DNA strand located near the RuvC nuclease domain active site in a conformation essential for concerted DNA cutting.