Fulya Dilek Gökalp

Bio: Fulya Dilek Gökalp is an academic researcher from Trakya University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Genotoxicity & Pesticide residue. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 4 publications receiving 15 citations.

Nonoccupational Exposure of Agricultural Area Residents to Pesticides: Pesticide Accumulation and Evaluation of Genotoxicity.

Abstract: Although many studies related the toxic effects of pesticides on agricultural workers, little research has been done about agricultural area residents The purpose of this work was to monitor the presence of pesticides, as well as their genotoxic and cytotoxic potential, in humans with blood samples collected from control and intensive agricultural areas in the Thrace region Pesticide accumulations were determined by LC-MS/MS Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were analyzed by comet assay, and the effect of pesticide accumulation on oxidative stress, DNA repair, and molecular chaperone response were analyzed by qRT-PCR assays in the human blood samples The agricultural area residents had a significantly higher concentration of pesticides than those in the control area at all three sampling times, and the total pesticide amounts were 43 and 10 times significantly higher in blood sampled in the pesticide use period (August 2015 and 2016, respectively) than in the nonuse period (November 2015) The results showed that the pesticide level in blood during the use period led to oxidative stress, DNA damage (mean comet length and % tail DNA), and unfolded/misfolded protein response Particularly, in pesticide use season, difference between these parameters was found statistically significant with comparison to control Our results indicate that individuals residing around a monoculture rice farming area comprise an at-risk group as a result of increased genotoxicity evidenced in human blood We suggest that biological monitoring efforts should be used to control nonoccupational exposures to pesticides and thus safeguard the health of agricultural area residents

The genotoxic effects of mixture of aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, and chromium on the gill tissue of adult zebrafish ( Danio rerio , Hamilton 1822).

Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the genotoxic effects of mixtures of five metals on zebrafish at two different concentrations; at the permissible maximum contamination levels in drinking wa...

Investigation of genotoxic effects of rhododendron honey using three mammalian bioassays in vivo.

Abstract: Rhododendron honey (RH) is obtained from the rhododendron plants are grown in many regions around the world, causes poisoning in humans due to the grayanotoxin (GTX) compound in its structure. It i...

Genotoxic evaluation of the Ergene River, Turkey, on mosquito fish, Gambussia affinis (Baird and Girard, 1853) using the piscine micronucleus assay

Abstract: The Ergene River is located in the Thrace Region of Turkey and is polluted by industrial and municipal waste. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of water samples on Gambussia affinis in vivo using the piscine micronucleus (MN) test. Fish were exposed to 50, 100, 150 and 300 mL L -1 of water samples for 24 hrs, and MN, nuclear abnormalities (NA), polychromatic-normachromatic erythrocytes (PCEs/NCEs), and apoptotic erythrocytes were evaluated. In addition, water samples were analysed to determine the concentrations of the heavy metals. The results showed that MN, NA, and apoptosis frequencies significantly increase at all concentrations compared to the control. A significant correlation was found between genotoxicity endpoints and the concentration of water samples. The PCE-NCE ratio was significantly decreased at all treatments. The metal content of river water was not associated with the increase in the seasonal frequency of genotoxicity endpoints. The results indicated that the Ergene River has genotoxic and cytotoxic effects on erythrocytes of G. affinis in an in-vivo piscine MN test that could be due to organic and inorganic effluents.

Assessment of Stress-Related Gene Expression in the Heavy Metal -Exposed Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Abstract: The toxicity of cadmium, lead, chromium, and arsenite on Caenorhabditis elegans was investigated to identify sensitive biomarkers for environmental monitoring and risk assessment. Effects of these metals on stress-related gene expression, growth, reproduction, and mortality of C. elegans were investigated under laboratory conditions. The possibility of using C. elegans as a biosensor for environmental toxicity monitoring was also tested using a green fluorescent protein transgenic nematode. The 24-h median lethal concentrations of cadmium, lead, chromium, and arsenite in C. elegans were 846, 34, 115, and 92 mg/L, respectively. Cadmium exposure led to an increase in the expression of most of the genes tested. The degree of increase was more than threefold compared to control in heat shock protein 16.2, heat shock protein 70, metallothionein 2, cytochrome P450 family protein 35A2, glutathione-S-transferase 4, superoxide dismutase 1, catalase 2, C. elegans p53-like protein 1, and apoptosis enhancer 1 genes. The lead-, chromium-, and arsenite-exposed nematode, on the other hand, showed little change in gene expression. Alterations in growth and reproduction were observed in cadmium- and chromium-exposed worms. To consider a transgenic nematode as a biosensor for toxicity monitoring, the responses of stress-related gene promoters need to be tested with a variety of metals. The overall results suggest that cadmium exhibits a high level of tolerance compared to the other metals tested. Use of the responses of stress-related gene expression therefore has considerable potential as a sensitive biomarker for the diagnosis of cadmium contamination, and C. elegans seems to be a good biological model for this approach.

Current status of pesticide effects on environment, human health and it’s eco-friendly management as bioremediation: A comprehensive review

Abstract: Pesticides are either natural or chemically synthesized compounds that are used to control a variety of pests. These chemical compounds are used in a variety of sectors like food, forestry, agriculture and aquaculture. Pesticides shows their toxicity into the living systems. The World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes them based on their detrimental effects, emphasizing the relevance of public health. The usage can be minimized to a least level by using them sparingly with a complete grasp of their categorization, which is beneficial to both human health and the environment. In this review, we have discussed pesticides with respect to their global scenarios, such as worldwide distribution and environmental impacts. Major literature focused on potential uses of pesticides, classification according to their properties and toxicity and their adverse effect on natural system (soil and aquatic), water, plants (growth, metabolism, genotypic and phenotypic changes and impact on plants defense system), human health (genetic alteration, cancer, allergies, and asthma), and preserve food products. We have also described eco-friendly management strategies for pesticides as a green solution, including bacterial degradation, myco-remediation, phytoremediation, and microalgae-based bioremediation. The microbes, using catabolic enzymes for degradation of pesticides and clean-up from the environment. This review shows the importance of finding potent microbes, novel genes, and biotechnological applications for pesticide waste management to create a sustainable environment.