G. M. Phade

Bio: G. M. Phade is an academic researcher from Savitribai Phule Pune University. The author has contributed to research in topics: MOSFET & Transconductance. The author has an hindex of 5, co-authored 21 publications receiving 83 citations.

Enhancement of old images and documents by digital image processing techniques

Abstract: Documents can be a valuable source of information but often they suffer degradation problems, especially in the case of historical documents, such as strains, background of big variations and uneven illumination, ink seepage, etc. Binarization techniques should be applied to remove the noise and improve the quality of the documents. Collections of historical and old document images care commonly provided to public through digital libraries. Specialized processing is required to these document images for removing background noise in order to become more legible. A hybrid binarizatin approach is proposed in this paper for improving the quality for the old documents. Combination of global and local thresholding techniques are used for the same. Initially, a technique named global thresholding is applied to the whole image. The image area that still has background noise are detected and the technique is again re-applied to each area separately. Therefore, a better adaptability is achieved for the algorithm where various kinds of noise re exist in different areas of same image. Advantage of applying global thresholding, is that it avoids the computational and time cost of applying a local thresholding in the entire image. Hence it is indicated that this technique is pretty effective in removing background noise and improving the quality of degraded images.

Application of AES algorithm for data security in serial communication

Abstract: One of the major problems in communication is the secure transportation of data over communication protocols. This paper presents a feasible resolution for Rijindael's encryption and decryption using VHDL for FPGA (cyclone III) & ‘C’ running over Nios II processor. The Nios II is a versatile embedded processor which is high performance, of lower cost and power consumption, has low complexity combining several functions into one FPGA. This paper shows implementation of AES algorithm for 128 bit data and 128 bit key in RTL (VHDL) and its software implementation using C. To measure performance in same system that is same hardware Nios II soft core processor is used. Hence this paper shows application of Advance Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm in UART for secure transfer of data in software and hardware platforms which are (RTL)VHDL and ‘C’ and further to decide suitability of its implementation of specific platform(software or hardware) depending on different baud rates supported by UART. The results are compared with the help of tools modelsim (Quartus II) and Nios II 10.1 software build tools for eclipse.

Deep Learning Based Indian Currency Coin Recognition

Abstract: Automatic coin recognition and identification systemplays vital role in vending machine, slot machine and in several banking related equipment's. Most of the existing coin recognitions systems are based on physical parameters of the coins whereas image processing methodologies relies on extraction of color, shape and edge features. For recognition and detection of Indian coin we have proposed Deep Learning approach in this paper. Pretrained convolutional neural network i.e. AlexNet is trained by using the features such as textures, colors and shape. The model is trained on more than 1600 images and can classify images into four object categories like one, two, five and ten rupees coins. The trained model is tested on various standard and own recorded datasets consist of rotational, translated and shifted images. The parameters used to calibrate the performance system are recognition accuracy and response time. Obtained results shown the outperformance of proposed methodology over conventional systems.

Motion estimation for human-machine interaction

Abstract: Human machine interaction is an evolving research area which deals with interactions with machines that will be as natural as an interaction between humans. Vision based motion estimation can also be said as the interpretation of motions via mathematical algorithms. This system have applications in domains such as sign language translation, virtual environments, smart surveillance, controlling robots, control of machines, medical systems etc. The task is challenging due to the accuracy, further the items in the background or distinct features of the users may make recognition more difficult. In this survey, we address these challenges. We provide an overview of current advances in the field. Further, we discuss limitations and outline promising directions of research. A brief overview of methodologies implemented by earlier researcher on vision based gesture recognition for human machine interaction is discussed here.

The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits: RF CIRCUITS THROUGH THE AGES

Abstract: This expanded and thoroughly revised edition of Thomas H. Lee's acclaimed guide to the design of gigahertz RF integrated circuits features a completely new chapter on the principles of wireless systems. The chapters on low-noise amplifiers, oscillators and phase noise have been significantly expanded as well. The chapter on architectures now contains several examples of complete chip designs that bring together all the various theoretical and practical elements involved in producing a prototype chip. First Edition Hb (1998): 0-521-63061-4 First Edition Pb (1998); 0-521-63922-0

The evolution of the stethoscope

Abstract: PARIS. Professor Calmette of Lille on Early Diagnosis of Tubercle by Ophthalmo-reaction to Tuberculin.-X Bays fothe Detection of Tubercle as an Aid to Meat Inspection. [N the BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL of June 15th a summary was given of the experiments by M. Vallee (Alfort) in regard to the early diagnosis of tubercle in cattle by the \"cuti-reaction,\" or Inoculation of tuberculin on the 'scarified skin. Professor Calmette (Lille) has made experiments to see if the healthy mucous membranes, and especially the conjunctiva, would show an analogous reaction after contact with tuberculin. Professor Calmette, in a recent number of the Presse Mddicale, describes the first series of experiments which he has ~carried out in collaboration with his pupils, MM. Breton and G. Petit in the hospitals at Lille. The experiments were made on 25 patients (children and adults), of whom 16 suffered from taberculous and 9 from non-tuberculous affections. In order to avoid the irritating effects of glycerine on the conjunctiva they used exclusively dry tuberculin precipitated by alcohol at 950 in a 1 per cent. solution in sterilized distilled water. The solution was always freshly prepared, and one drop was placed in the conjunct'ival sac-in one case five hours after the instillation, in some cases even after three hours; all the tuberculous patients showed a very apparent congestion of the palpebral conjunctiva, which becam'e bright red, and was the seat of more or less intense oedema. The conjunctiva swelled, became red, and was covered with a slight fibrinous exudation. The injection of the blood vessels increased gradually, and was accompanied by secretion of tears. In six hours the fibrinous secretion became more abundant, and collected in filaments in the lower conjunctival sac. The reaction reached its maximum in six to ten hours. The patients felt no pain, but only a 'little discomfort with slight ,sensation of burning and some disturbance of vision in ratio to the abundance of the exudation. There was no ehemosis. The rectal temperature was not appreciably altered. The intensity of the reaction could easily be appreciated by comparison with the non-inoculated eye. The congestion gradually disappeared in children after .eighteen hours, and in adults in from twenty-four to thirty-six hours. In healthy persons or patients with non-tuberculous diseases the instillation of tuberculin produced, as a rale, no effect, but sometimes one to three hiours afterwards a slight redness was observed, which soon disappeared, and was not accompanied by either tbrinous secretion or-tears. The reaction was positive in 16 cases of pulmonary or pleuritic tubercle and in tuberculosis of bronchial ganglia. The reaction was negative in the following' cases: Sciatica and hysterical hemianaesthesia, Bright's disease, tabes with inco-ordination, lymphangitis with wound of the forearm, mitral and tricuspid incompetence, mental confusion, cerebro-bulbar 'sclerosis, influenza, acute rheumatism with mitral endo--carditis. This phenomenon, which Professor Calmette proposes to call the \"ophthalmo-reaction to tuberculinj\" appears to be very sensitive. It deserved to be studied, he thought, by clinicians because it was extremely easy to show; it appeared much sooner than the cati-reaction, which required forty-eight hours, and it caused no pain nor durable discomfort. It, moreover, did not appear 'to give rise to any of the drawbacks or dangers attending the injection of tuberculin under the skin. Professor Calmette hoped that by this method it would be possible to make a positive early diagnosis of tuberculous affections, and to prove the' definite cure of old tuberculous lesions. At a recent meeting of the socidt6 de Biologie, Dr. Maurice Letulle communicated the first results of his use of the ophthalmo-reaction of Calmette; 65 tuberculous cases all gave a positive reaction witih the exception of five, four of whom were very gravely affected or moribund. At a recent meeting of the AcadAmie des Sciences, MJ. H. Martel made a communication on the result of the inspection of tubercullous meat byradioscopy and';radiography. Cattle anld pigs had, he said, this peculiarity that thleir tuberqculous lesions were easily inlvaded by deposits of lime salts. Healthy ganglia onlys gave a slight shadow, while the tuberculous ganglia were projected in the form of a granular spot of greater or less extent, according to the degree of invasion. This method was valuable, as it enabled tuberculous foci to be discovered which were not even suepected in the absence of a previous tuberculin test on the living animal.