Author
G. Rudolf
Bio: G. Rudolf is an academic researcher from Centre national de la recherche scientifique. The author has contributed to research in topics: Neutron & Neutron cross section. The author has an hindex of 27, co-authored 94 publications receiving 2062 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: Calculations using the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model suggest that the fragmentation is governed by the energy deposited into the projectile spectator and that {l angle} reaches its maximum around {ital E}{sub dep}{congruent}8 MeV/nucleon.
Abstract: We have studied multifragment decays of Au projectiles after collisions with C, Al, and Cu targets at a bombarding energy of 600 MeV nucleon. We find that with increasing violence of the collision, measured via the multiplicity of light particles, the mean multiplicity of intermediate-mass fragments originating from the projectile first increases to a maximum {l angle}{ital M}{sub IMF}{r angle}{congruent}3 and then decreases again. Calculations using the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck model suggest that the fragmentation is governed by the energy {ital E}{sub dep} deposited into the projectile spectator and that {l angle}{ital M}{sub IMF}{r angle} reaches its maximum around {ital E}{sub dep}{congruent}8 MeV/nucleon.
181 citations
DSM1, University of Santiago de Compostela2, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens3, University of Ioannina4, Centre national de la recherche scientifique5, Vienna University of Technology6, Charles University in Prague7, CERN8, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare9, Polytechnic University of Catalonia10, University of Seville11, Royal Institute of Technology12, ENEA13, University of Notre Dame14, Spanish National Research Council15, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki16, University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt17, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research18, Los Alamos National Laboratory19, Oak Ridge National Laboratory20, Technical University of Madrid21, University of Vienna22, University of Basel23, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements24
01 Apr 2004-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: In this paper, the accuracy of the pulse height weighting technique for the determination of neutron capture cross-sections is investigated and several causes of systematic deviation are identified and their effect is quantified.
Abstract: The accuracy of the pulse height weighting technique for the determination of neutron capture cross-sections is investigated. The technique is applied to measurements performed with C6D6 liquid scintillation detectors of two different types using capture samples of various dimensions. The data for well-known (n, gamma) resonances are analyzed using weighting functions obtained from Monte Carlo simulations of the experimental set-up. Several causes of systematic deviation are identified and their effect is quantified. In all the cases measured the reaction yield agrees with the standard value within 2%.
104 citations
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare1, DSM2, University of Santiago de Compostela3, University of Łódź4, University of Ioannina5, Centre national de la recherche scientifique6, Vienna University of Technology7, Charles University in Prague8, Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico9, University of Seville10, International Atomic Energy Agency11, CERN12, University of Coimbra13, University of Notre Dame14, Technische Universität München15, Spanish National Research Council16, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki17, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research18, Los Alamos National Laboratory19, Tokyo Institute of Technology20, Oak Ridge National Laboratory21, University of Bologna22, National Technical University of Athens23, University of Vienna24, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements25, University of Basel26, ENEA27
21 Sep 2009-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: The Total Absorption Calorimeter (TAC) as discussed by the authors was designed for measuring neutron capture cross-sections of low-mass and/or radioactive samples with the accuracy required for nuclear technology and stellar nucleosynthesis.
Abstract: The n_TOF Collaboration has built and commissioned a high-performance detector for ( n , γ ) measurements called the Total Absorption Calorimeter (TAC). The TAC was especially designed for measuring neutron capture cross-sections of low-mass and/or radioactive samples with the accuracy required for nuclear technology and stellar nucleosynthesis. We present a detailed description of the TAC and discuss its overall performance in terms of energy and time resolution, background discrimination, detection efficiency and neutron sensitivity.
90 citations
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare1, DSM2, University of Santiago de Compostela3, University of Łódź4, Vienna University of Technology5, Centre national de la recherche scientifique6, Charles University in Prague7, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences8, Polytechnic University of Catalonia9, University of Seville10, CERN11, University of Notre Dame12, Spanish National Research Council13, University of Applied Sciences Wiener Neustadt14, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research15, Los Alamos National Laboratory16, Oak Ridge National Laboratory17, Technical University of Madrid18, University of Vienna19, Royal Institute of Technology20, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements21, University of Basel22, ENEA23
11 Feb 2005-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: A scalable and versatile data solution has been designed based on 8-bit flash-ADCs with sampling rates up to 2 GHz and 8 Mbyte memory buffer for high accuracy measurement of neutron capture, fission and (n, xn) cross-sections at CERN.
Abstract: The n_TOF facility at CERN has been designed for the measurement of neutron capture, fission and (n, xn) cross-sections with high accuracy. This requires a flexible and-due to the high instantaneous neutron flux-almost dead time free data acquisition system. A scalable and versatile data solution has been designed based on 8-bit flash-ADCs with sampling rates up to 2 GHz and 8 Mbyte memory buffer. The software is written in C and C++ and is running on PCs equipped with RedHat Linux.
89 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the fragmentation of Au projectiles interacting with targets of C, Al and Cu at an incident energy ofE/A=600 MeV, and employed inverse kinematics allowed a nearly complete detection of projectile fragments with chargeZ≧2.
Abstract: We have studied the fragmentation of Au projectiles interacting with targets of C, Al and Cu at an incident energy ofE/A=600 MeV. The employed inverse kinematics allowed a nearly complete detection of projectile fragments with chargeZ≧2. The recorded fragmentation events were sorted according to three observables, the multiplicityMlp of light charged particles, the largest atomic numberZmax within an event, and a new observable,Zbound, representing the sum of the atomic numbersZ of all fragments withZ≧2. Using these observables, the impact parameter dependence of the fragmentation process was investigated. For all three targets, a maximum mean multiplicity of 3 to 4 intermediate mass fragments (IMFs) is observed. The corresponding impact parameters range from central collisions for theC target to increasingly peripheral collisions for the heavier targets. It is found that the correlation between the IMF multiplicity andZbound, extending from evaporation type processes (largeZbound) to the total disassembly of the projectile (smallZbound), is independent of the target nucleus. This universal behaviour may suggest an — at least partial — equilibration of the projectile fragment prior to its decay.
78 citations
Cited by
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Los Alamos National Laboratory1, Brookhaven National Laboratory2, Oak Ridge National Laboratory3, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute4, Argonne National Laboratory5, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory6, International Atomic Energy Agency7, National Institute of Standards and Technology8, Japan Atomic Energy Agency9, Idaho National Laboratory10, Jožef Stefan Institute11, Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group12, University of Vienna13
TL;DR: The ENDF/B-VII.1 library as mentioned in this paper is the most widely used data set for nuclear data analysis and has been updated several times over the last five years. But the most recent version of the ENDF-B-VI.0 library is based on the JENDL-4.0 standard.
2,171 citations
Los Alamos National Laboratory1, National Nuclear Data Center2, Oak Ridge National Laboratory3, Argonne National Laboratory4, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory5, National Institute of Standards and Technology6, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute7, Idaho National Laboratory8, Westinghouse Electric9, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited10, Nuclear Research and Consultancy Group11
TL;DR: The ENDF/B-VII.0 as discussed by the authors file contains data primarily for reactions with incident neutrons, protons, and photons on almost 400 isotopes, based on experimental data and theory predictions.
1,913 citations
TL;DR: The fourth version of the Japanese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library has been produced in cooperation with the Japanese Nuclear Data Committee as mentioned in this paper, and much emphasis is placed on the improvement of the original library.
Abstract: The fourth version of the Japanese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library has been produced in cooperation with the Japanese Nuclear Data Committee. In the new library, much emphasis is placed on the impro...
1,699 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the observed metal-poor star abundances, contrasting them with the Solar-system values, comparing them to theoretical predictions, and using them to assess the types of stars responsible for their specific anomalies, and speculating on the timing and nature of early Galactic nucleosynthesis.
Abstract: The content of neutron-capture (trans-iron-peak) elements in the lowmetallicity Galactic halo varies widely from star to star. The differences are both in bulk amount of the neutron-capture elements with respect to lighter ones and in element-to-element ratios among themselves. Several well-defined abundance distributions have emerged that reveal characteristic rapid and slow neutron-capture nucleosynthesis patterns. In this review we summarize these observed metal-poor star’s abundances, contrasting them with the Solar-system values, comparing them to theoretical predictions, using them to assess the types of stars responsible for their specific anomalies, and speculating on the timing and nature of early Galactic nucleosynthesis.
901 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the state-of-the-art in the area of observations, nuclear and atomic physics, and stellar modeling, and the corresponding interplay is illustrated by the general abundance patterns of the elements beyond iron and by the effect of sensitive branching points along the $s$-process path.
Abstract: Nucleosynthesis in the $s$ process takes place in the He-burning layers of low-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and during the He- and C-burning phases of massive stars. The $s$ process contributes about half of the element abundances between Cu and Bi in solar system material. Depending on stellar mass and metallicity the resulting $s$-abundance patterns exhibit characteristic features, which provide comprehensive information for our understanding of the stellar life cycle and for the chemical evolution of galaxies. The rapidly growing body of detailed abundance observations, in particular, for AGB and post-AGB stars, for objects in binary systems, and for the very faint metal-poor population represents exciting challenges and constraints for stellar model calculations. Based on updated and improved nuclear physics data for the $s$-process reaction network, current models are aiming at an ab initio solution for the stellar physics related to convection and mixing processes. Progress in the intimately related areas of observations, nuclear and atomic physics, and stellar modeling is reviewed and the corresponding interplay is illustrated by the general abundance patterns of the elements beyond iron and by the effect of sensitive branching points along the $s$-process path. The strong variations of the $s$-process efficiency with metallicity bear also interesting consequences for galactic chemical evolution.
667 citations