G. S. Oladipo

Bio: G. S. Oladipo is an academic researcher from University of Port Harcourt. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Cephalic index. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 56 publications receiving 478 citations.

Nasal indices among major ethnic groups in southern Nigeria

Abstract: Nasal index is an ethnicity sensitive anthropometric index; it is one of the important anthropometric parameters for suggesting the race and sex of an individual whose identity is unknown. In the present study, authors have worked out nasal indices in subjects of Igbo, Yoruba and Ijaw ethnic groups. 750 subjects each of Igbo and Yoruba with 175 subjects of Ijaw ethnic groups were measured for nasal height (NH) and nasal breadth (NB). Then the nasal indices were calculated from the measurements. The results showed that on the average, the Igbos had a mean nasal index of 94.1± 0.37, Yorubas 89.2±0.30 and the Ijaws 96.37±1.06. Thus the Ijaws had a significantly higher nasal index (p<0.05) than either the Igbos or Yorubas. Sexual dimorphism was also observed in all the ethnic groups studied with males having significantly higher (p<0.05) nasal index than the females. However, the three ethnic groups still fall within the same nose type platyrrhine (short and broad nose) expected of an African population. The result of this study has confirmed anthropological differences amongst the three Nigerian ethnic groups investigated.

Anthropometric comparison of cephalic indices between the Ijaw and Igbo tribes

Abstract: Cephalic index is an important parameter for classifying populations. In the present study, 200 students with age range of 17 to 25 years of Ijaw and Igbo origin from some Nigerian higher institutions of learning were measured for head length and head breadth and cephalic index was worked out. One hundred comprising 63 males and 37 females were of Ijaw tribe 53 males and 47 females were of Igbo tribe. The result obtained showed that the Ijaw males had a mean cephalic index (CI) of 80.98, Ijaw females 78.24, Igbo males 79.04 and Igbo females 76.83. Thus Ijaw males belong to brachycephalic group, while Ijaw females, Igbo males and Igbo females are mesocephalic. On the average, the mean C.I. in the two tribes were 0.05). The result of this study will be of importance in forensic medicine, anthropology and in genetics. Keywords : cephalic index, tribes and anthropometry Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences Vol. 12(1) 2006: 137-138

Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum and jugular foramen in adult skulls in southern Nigerian population

Abstract: A morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum and jugular foramen of adult skulls in southern Nigeria was carried out to demonstrate the anatomical variations in morphology. A total number of 120 dry skulls were used for this study. Measurements were performed by using a digital vernier caliper to span across the lengths and widths of the two foramina. Results revealed that the mean length and width of the foramen magnum was 36.11±0.24mm and 29.65± 0.24mm respectively. The mean length of the right and left jugular foramen was 15.76±0.22mm and 13.39±0.23mm respectively, while the mean width of the right and left jugular foramen was 9.34±0.18mm and 7.54±0.20mm respectively. There was a significant difference between the right and the left jugular foramen. The right jugular foramen was found to be larger than the left in Southern Nigeria.

Anthropometric Studies of Cephalic Indices of the Ogonis in Nigeria

Abstract: Cephalic index is an important parameter for classifying populations. The study was aimed at determining the cephalic indices among Ogonis. In the present study, eight hundred (800) subjects comprising 400 males and 400 females with age ranging from 25-45 years of Ogoni ethnic group by both parents and grandparents were measured. The subjects were measured for head length and head breadth and cephalic index was worked out by dividing the head breadth by head length and multiplying by 100. The cephalic indices were calculated and the result analyzed using z-test. On the average, the mean cephalic index was ＞80 which puts Ogonis in the brachycephalic population. The z-test analysis indicated that there was significant difference between Ogoni males and Ogoni females. Thus cephalic index is sexually dimorphic amongst the Ogonis. The result of this study will be of importance in forensic medicine, anthropology and in genetics.

Anthropometric comparison of nasal indices between Andoni and Okrika tribes of Rivers State, Nigeria

Abstract: A comparative study on Nasal Index was carried out on subjects from Andoni and Okrika tribes of Rivers State in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. Four hundred individuals were randomly selected from each tribe comprising 200 males and 200 females, respectively. The ages of the subjects ranged from 21-30 years. The height of the nose (NH) and the breadth of the nose (NB) were measured for each subject using a sliding caliper and the nasal index calculated. The mean nasal index of the Adonis was 79.83 ± 4.19 and 83.77 ± 1.09 for male and female respectively while that of the Okrikas males and females were 86.23 ±1.72 and 86.46 ± 2.37, respectively. The mean nasal index of the Okrika tribe was 86.38 ± 1.35 and this was significantly higher than the mean nasal index of Andoni tribe (81.86 ± 2.26) p< 0.05. Thus the Okrikas fall within the Platyrrhine nose type while the Andonis fall within the Mesorrhine nose type. Key words: Nasal indices, platyrrhine, mesorrhine, Okrika, Andoni, Nigeria

Gray's Anatomy

Abstract: MEDICAL LITERATURE has been deluged during the past few years with books and papers on penicillin; but a book which has been produced under the general editorship of Sir Alexander Fleming himself represents a complete and authoritative summary of penicillin therapy as it stands today.' The book contains a series of independent contributions by \"experienced and eminent men who have worked with penicillin in Great Britain\". Their opinions and practical methods differ slightly, and there is some overlapping; but these are not disadvantageous, comparison and contrast lending interest to the reading. In the first or general section of the book Fleming contributes two chapters, one on the history and development of penicillin, introducing some interesting sidelights in the romance of discovery, the other on the bacteriological control of penicillin therapy. In both chapters the information is set out in meticulous detail and with a clarity and simplicity which can be enjoyed by all readers. Fleming also gives the right perspective to the place of penicillin amongst the antibiotics and lays down the principles of treatment. Both chapters are well illustrated and are the most outstanding in the book. Included in this first section also are chapters on the chemistry and manufacture of penicillin and its pharmacy, pharmacology and methods of administration. The second section of the book is entirely clinical, giving each author's view on the use of penicillin therapy in a disease or an infection of some particular region of the body. The entire range of peniCillin-sensitive conditions is considered in twenty authoritative and clearly written chapters; these contain many references and illustrations. Dental and veterinary diseases are also given fairly full consideration. The final section is a condensed resume of much of the preceding chapters and is written for. the general practttioner. This chapter is superttuous: it does not contain enough detall to be of much practical value. The book as a Whole, however, will undoubtedly be considered a classical contribution to medical literature and is strongly recommended, not only because of the general interest of its topic, but as a reference book on penicillin therapy of hitherto unequalled excellence. The typography, although conforming to war economy standards, is clear and the paper is good. There is an excellent list of references and the index is satisfactory.

The use of 3D surface scanning for the measurement and assessment of the human foot

Abstract: A number of surface scanning systems with the ability to quickly and easily obtain 3D digital representations of the foot are now commercially available. This review aims to present a summary of the reported use of these technologies in footwear development, the design of customised orthotics, and investigations for other ergonomic purposes related to the foot. The PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched. Reference lists and experts in the field were also consulted to identify additional articles. Studies in English which had 3D surface scanning of the foot as an integral element of their protocol were included in the review. Thirty-eight articles meeting the search criteria were included. Advantages and disadvantages of using 3D surface scanning systems are highlighted. A meta-analysis of studies using scanners to investigate the changes in foot dimensions during varying levels of weight bearing was carried out. Modern 3D surface scanning systems can obtain accurate and repeatable digital representations of the foot shape and have been successfully used in medical, ergonomic and footwear development applications. The increasing affordability of these systems presents opportunities for researchers investigating the foot and for manufacturers of foot related apparel and devices, particularly those interested in producing items that are customised to the individual. Suggestions are made for future areas of research and for the standardization of the protocols used to produce foot scans.

Anthropometric Study Of The Facial And Nasal Length Of Adult Igbo Ethnic Group In Nigeria

Abstract: Cephalometric techniques have been used by numerous researchers to produce standard mean values for skeletal, dental, and soft tissue structures. This has become useful in the classification of different populations. In the present study, 600 adult Igbo subjects (18-69yrs) comprising 300 males and 300 females were measured for facial height (FH) and nasal height (NH). The result obtained showed that on the average, the Facial Height (FH) of adult Igbo males was found to be 12.55 cm ± 2.11 cm while that of Adult Igbo females was found to be 11.19 cm ± 1.92cm.Futhermore, the Nasal Height (NH) for adult Igbo males was found to be 4.87 cm ± 0.84cm and 4.40 cm ± 0.76 for Adult Igbo Females. Statistical analysis of mean and Standard Deviation indicates sexual dimorphism, with significantly higher value (p ‹ 0.05) of all parameters in males compared to females. The result of this study will be of importance in functional orthodontics, clinical practice and forensic medicine.

Dermatoglyphics: in health and disease - a review -

Abstract: Dermatoglyphics is the study of finger print patterns and the term was coined by Harold Cummins in 1926. Finger prints are imprints of epidermal ridges, which are formed in early embryonic life, during 10 th to 16 th week of intrauterine life and remain permanent during whole life. Dermatoglyphic patterns have polygenic inheritance and are affected by environmental factors in the uterus. Finger print patterns are mainly of three types: arches whorls and loops; though there are more than 100 ridge characteristics, called Galton’s details, in a single rolled finger print. Dermatoglyphics is not only used in the identification of an individual but also serves as a mirror of one’s potential and talent. In this review, we will be discussing Dermatoglyphics and its important role in the diagnosis of chromosomal disorders and other diseases which have some genetic bases.