Author
G. Schatz
Bio: G. Schatz is an academic researcher from Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: KASCADE & Air shower. The author has an hindex of 21, co-authored 66 publications receiving 3220 citations.
Topics: KASCADE, Air shower, Cosmic ray, Muon, Monte Carlo method
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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DOI•
30 Apr 1998TL;DR: In this paper, the evolution of the information seeking and use models for professionals, essentially, the information access practices, is discussed. But two main categories can be distinguished : the informationseeking and use model versus the information retrieval model, and we will evaluate them in order to see if a convergence is possible with the same vocabulary and procedures.
Abstract: This study concerns the evolution of the information seeking and use models for professionals essentially, the information access practices. Coming from Anglo-Saxon literature, this new information science research trend, evolve with paradigms and different information seeking and use models have emerged, in order to explain how professional seeks information and what can be done in order to help them. Two main categories can be distinguished : the information seeking and use model versus the information retrieval model. So we will present today this diversity of models and we will evaluate them in order to see if a convergence is possible with the same vocabulary and procedures.
1,294 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a composition analysis of KASCADE air shower data is performed by means of unfolding the two-dimensional frequency spectrum of electron and muon numbers, and the analysis is the determination of energy spectra for elemental groups representing the chemical composition of primary cosmic rays.
526 citations
11 Nov 2003-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment
TL;DR: The KASCADE experiment as mentioned in this paper was designed to measure air showers of primary cosmic-ray energies in the PeV region and to investigate the knee phenomenon in the all-particle energy spectrum.
Abstract: KASCADE has been designed to measure air showers of primary cosmic-ray energies in the PeV region and to investigate the knee phenomenon in the all-particle energy spectrum. Several observations are measured simultaneously for each event by different detector systems. The experiment started to take data in 1996 and has been completed and extended since then. The individual detector systems and their performances are described. Also, the experience in long-term operation of the experiment and the interplay between different components is outlined.
333 citations
TL;DR: In this article, measurements of electron, muon and hadron lateral distributions of extensive air showers as recorded in the Karlsruhe shower core and array detector experiment are presented.
105 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the results of an analysis of the large-scale anisotropy of cosmic rays in the PeV range were presented, and the Rayleigh formalism was applied to the right ascension distribution of extensive air showers measured by the KASCADE (Karlsruhe Shower Core and Array Detector) experiment.
Abstract: We present the results of an analysis of the large-scale anisotropy of cosmic rays in the PeV range. The Rayleigh formalism is applied to the right ascension distribution of extensive air showers measured by the KASCADE (Karlsruhe Shower Core and Array Detector) experiment. The data set contains about 108 extensive air showers in the energy range 0.7-6 PeV. No hints of anisotropy are visible in the right ascension distributions in this energy range. This accounts for all showers, as well as for subsets containing showers induced by predominantly light or heavy primary particles, respectively. Upper flux limits for Rayleigh amplitudes are determined to be between 10-3 at a primary energy of 0.7 PeV and 10-2 at 6 PeV.
102 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) is presented.
Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These
9,929 citations
University of Adelaide1, University of Wisconsin-Madison2, Ghent University3, University of Canterbury4, University of Geneva5, Humboldt University of Berlin6, University of California, Irvine7, University of Mainz8, University of California, Berkeley9, Ohio State University10, Université libre de Bruxelles11, Ruhr University Bochum12, University of Wuppertal13, University of Maryland, College Park14, University of Kansas15, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory16, RWTH Aachen University17, Uppsala University18, University of Alberta19, Stockholm University20, Vrije Universiteit Brussel21, University of Bonn22, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne23, Georgia Institute of Technology24, Pennsylvania State University25, Technical University of Dortmund26, Southern University and A&M College27
TL;DR: The presence of a high-energy neutrino flux containing the most energetic neutrinos ever observed is revealed, including 28 events at energies between 30 and 1200 TeV, although the origin of this flux is unknown and the findings are consistent with expectations for a neutRino population with origins outside the solar system.
Abstract: We report on results of an all-sky search for high-energy neutrino events interacting within the IceCube neutrino detector conducted between May 2010 and May 2012. The search follows up on the previous detection of two PeV neutrino events, with improved sensitivity and extended energy coverage down to about 30 TeV. Twenty-six additional events were observed, substantially more than expected from atmospheric backgrounds. Combined, both searches reject a purely atmospheric origin for the 28 events at the 4 sigma level. These 28 events, which include the highest energy neutrinos ever observed, have flavors, directions, and energies inconsistent with those expected from the atmospheric muon and neutrino backgrounds. These properties are, however, consistent with generic predictions for an additional component of extraterrestrial origin.
1,490 citations
DOI•
30 Apr 1998TL;DR: In this paper, the evolution of the information seeking and use models for professionals, essentially, the information access practices, is discussed. But two main categories can be distinguished : the informationseeking and use model versus the information retrieval model, and we will evaluate them in order to see if a convergence is possible with the same vocabulary and procedures.
Abstract: This study concerns the evolution of the information seeking and use models for professionals essentially, the information access practices. Coming from Anglo-Saxon literature, this new information science research trend, evolve with paradigms and different information seeking and use models have emerged, in order to explain how professional seeks information and what can be done in order to help them. Two main categories can be distinguished : the information seeking and use model versus the information retrieval model. So we will present today this diversity of models and we will evaluate them in order to see if a convergence is possible with the same vocabulary and procedures.
1,294 citations
[...]
TL;DR: The basic principles and the most common Monte Carlo algorithms are reviewed, among which rejection sampling, importance sampling and Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC) methods are reviewed.
Abstract: Bayesian inference often requires integrating some function with respect to a posterior distribution. Monte Carlo methods are sampling algorithms that allow to compute these integrals numerically when they are not analytically tractable. We review here the basic principles and the most common Monte Carlo algorithms, among which rejection sampling, importance sampling and Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC) methods. We give intuition on the theoretical justification of the algorithms as well as practical advice, trying to relate both. We discuss the application of Monte Carlo in experimental physics, and point to landmarks in the literature for the curious reader.
1,067 citations
Marcos Daniel Actis1, G. Agnetta2, Felix Aharonian3, A. G. Akhperjanian +682 more•Institutions (109)
TL;DR: The ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes as mentioned in this paper, which is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100GeV and above 100 TeV.
Abstract: Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has had a major breakthrough with the impressive results obtained using systems of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. Ground-based gamma-ray astronomy has a huge potential in astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology. CTA is an international initiative to build the next generation instrument, with a factor of 5-10 improvement in sensitivity in the 100 GeV-10 TeV range and the extension to energies well below 100 GeV and above 100 TeV. CTA will consist of two arrays (one in the north, one in the south) for full sky coverage and will be operated as open observatory. The design of CTA is based on currently available technology. This document reports on the status and presents the major design concepts of CTA.
1,006 citations