Gaurav Sharma

Bio: Gaurav Sharma is an academic researcher from Shenzhen University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Photocatalysis. The author has an hindex of 82, co-authored 1244 publications receiving 31482 citations. Previous affiliations of Gaurav Sharma include Northeastern University & D. E. Shaw & Co..

An Acute Position Based VANET Routing Protocol

Abstract: Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) is highly dynamic by nature because in VANETs, nodes are highly mobile. And the survey shows that the position based routing protocol is best suitable for VANETs because position based routing approach can deal with highly mobile nodes. In this paper, we propose an acute position based routing protocol (APR) for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) which performs better when the number of vehicle increases on the road as compare to GPSR. In this, we assume that all vehicles know their own position and have Global Positioning System (GPS). Our protocol uses restricted greedy to transfer a data packet and for recovery carry and forwarding strategy will used. We consider both the vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. All the intersection point on the road have a RSU (Road Side Unit) which takes all the decisions that on which path the data packet will flow. If there is no appropriate path then the RSUs will store the data packet until they find the appropriate path to transfer the data packet. This protocol is suitable for city scenario. Simulation is done in NS-2.35 and compared APR with GPSR.

An Investigation into Quality of Care at the Time of Birth at Publicand Private Sector Maternity Facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract: Background: Ensuring high quality care during labour and childbirth is important to eliminate preventable maternal deaths, neonatal deaths and intrapartum stillbirths. My PhD investigates quality of care (QoC) during normal labour and childbirth, and examines whether QoC is influenced by management practices at 26 public and private sector maternity facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India. Methods: First, I conducted clinical observations of labour and childbirth. I used descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis techniques to describe and compare differences in overall QoC, and quality for obstetric and neonatal care. Second, I used quantitative and qualitative methods to describe existing patterns of mistreatment encountered by women. Third, I described existing management practices using a separate survey dataset and linked both QoC and management datasets to examine the relationship between management practices and QoC. Results: QoC was found to be poor at both public and private sector facilities. The private sector outperformed public sector facilities for overall essential care at birth, and for both obstetric and newborn care. All women encountered at least one indicator of mistreatment. There were no significant differences between qualified and unqualified personnel for QoC and mistreatment levels. Qualitative results suggest that informal payments are widespread, maternity care pathways are non-functional, and there are poor hygiene standards. Lastly, I found that maternity facilities scored poorly on management best practices. Overall, I found no association between total management scores and QoC. Conclusions: The results of my PhD study indicate that in 2015, in maternity facilities of Uttar Pradesh, unqualified personnel provided the bulk of maternity care, adherence to evidencebased obstetric and neonatal care protocols was generally poor and all women encountered at least one practice of mistreatment. These results suggest the need to comprehensively measure and urgently improve QoC at the time of birth in Uttar Pradesh, India.

siRNA: a new approach to target neuropathic pain.

Abstract: Neuropathic pain remains one of the most challenging of all the neurologic diseases and represents a large unmet need of the medical world. It often requires patience on the part of the patient and the physician who must try a variety of different medications on a trial and error basis until a satisfactory regimen is established. The development of efficacious therapies with minimum side effect profiles has been the subject of intense research and development in the pharmaceutical industry. Emergence of biologic approaches, such as antibodies, short interfering RNA (siRNA), and gene therapy, offer powerful therapeutic possibilities to treat neuropathic pain and other associated neurologic dysfunction. This review describes the progress that has been made to relieve neuropathic pain using siRNA as a tool for treatment. Further, the review discusses the limitations of using naked siRNA as a therapeutic and a scope for the use of suitable packaging or delivery systems.

Atomic simulation of adsorption of SO2 pollutant by metal (Zn, Be)-oxide and Ni-decorated graphene: a first-principles study.

Abstract: Due to the impact of toxic gases on human health, considerable interest has been shown in detecting noxious air pollutants, particularly sulfur dioxide (SO2), both experimentally and theoretically This work provides new insights into the adsorbing (SO2) molecules on the surface of metal-oxide graphitic structures, ie, Beryllium-Oxide (BeO), Zinc-Oxide (ZnO), and Ni-decorated graphene applying a first-principles study Computational analyses suggest that the type of binding of SO2 molecule on BeO and ZnO sheets is physisorption so that binding energies of −0405 and −0154 eV were assigned to ZnO and BeO nanosheets in that order The adsorption energy of SO2 on metal oxide sheets was much higher than the pristine graphene Taking pristine graphene as an adsorbent for SO2 molecule, it was found that such nanomaterial is not an efficient adsorbent due to the weak interactions (−0157 eV) and low electron charge transfer (0042 e) present in SO2/graphene complex To overcome this issue, graphene nanosheets decorated with nickel atoms were studied for interaction with SO2 molecules; the results indicate that the SO2 molecules were chemisorbed on Ni-decorated graphene sheets with an adsorption energy of −2297 eV Chemisorption of SO2 molecules on Ni-decorated graphene sheets was proven by the strong orbital hybridization between Ni 3d and sulfur 3p orbitals in the Projected Density of States (PDOS) plot This work provides useful information about SO2 adsorption on Ni-decorated graphene sheets in order to develop a new class of gas sensing devices Superior chemisorption of SO2 on Ni-decorated graphene sheets compared to the physical adsorption on BeO and ZnO sheets makes Ni-decorated graphene a potential candidate for detecting SO2 molecules

I and i

Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

SPAdes, a new genome assembly algorithm and its applications to single-cell sequencing ( 7th Annual SFAF Meeting, 2012)

Abstract: The lion's share of bacteria in various environments cannot be cloned in the laboratory and thus cannot be sequenced using existing technologies. A major goal of single-cell genomics is to complement gene-centric metagenomic data with whole-genome assemblies of uncultivated organisms. Assembly of single-cell data is challenging because of highly non-uniform read coverage as well as elevated levels of sequencing errors and chimeric reads. We describe SPAdes, a new assembler for both single-cell and standard (multicell) assembly, and demonstrate that it improves on the recently released E+V-SC assembler (specialized for single-cell data) and on popular assemblers Velvet and SoapDeNovo (for multicell data). SPAdes generates single-cell assemblies, providing information about genomes of uncultivatable bacteria that vastly exceeds what may be obtained via traditional metagenomics studies. SPAdes is available online ( http://bioinf.spbau.ru/spades ). It is distributed as open source software.