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Gaurav Sharma

Other affiliations: Northeastern University, D. E. Shaw & Co., Hewlett-Packard  ...read more
Bio: Gaurav Sharma is an academic researcher from Shenzhen University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Photocatalysis. The author has an hindex of 82, co-authored 1244 publications receiving 31482 citations. Previous affiliations of Gaurav Sharma include Northeastern University & D. E. Shaw & Co..


Papers
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TL;DR: Chitosan-g-poly(acrylamide)/Zn (CPA-Zn) nanocomposite was synthesized using simple method in the presence of microwave radiations and characterized by various analytical techniques.

88 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an iron molybdophosphate (FeMoPO) nanoparticles have been fabricated using simple co-precipitation method and the nanoparticles showed promising ion exchange nature with ion exchange capacity of 1 −meq −g −1 The synthesis on nanoparticles has been ascertained by characterizing the material using various techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) to investigate the ion exchange behavior of FeMoPO nanoparticles its physicochemical properties

87 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a metal-free coal-char supported polymeric g-C3N4/RGO (RPC) nano-photocatalyst was proposed for the efficient solar powered degradation of the noxious emerging pollutants ciprofloxacin (CIF) and β-estradiol (ESD) and conversion of CO2 into CH4, CO & O2.
Abstract: Herein, we report the synthesis of a metal-free coal-char supported polymeric g-C3N4/RGO (RPC) nano-photocatalyst for the efficient solar powered degradation of the noxious emerging pollutants ciprofloxacin (CIF) & β-estradiol (ESD) and conversion of CO2 into CH4, CO & O2. RPC shows good photocatalytic and adsorption activity owing to its high surface area and reduced charge recombination rate. The photodegradation results of the treated water sample were investigated in terms of reaction kinetics, active species trapping experiments, high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) analysis. The higher solar photoactivity is attributed to the higher surface area, higher visible absorption, charge transfer, and reduced recombination. The superoxide radical anions were found to be the major active species in photodegradation, which is also supported by the band structure analysis. The catalytic activity is highly enhanced by the addition of H2O2, O2 and O3 as they facilitate the formation of radicals. The possible degradation pathways for the degradation of CIF and ESD have been proposed. This work shows promising solar-active metal-free photocatalysts for efficient environmental remediation and CO2 conversion to fuels.

85 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In terms of reoperation rates the sliding hip screw shows no advantage, but some groups of patients (smokers and those with displaced or base of neck fractures) might do better with a sliding hip Screw than with cancellous screws.
Abstract: textBackground Reoperation rates are high after surgery for hip fractures We investigated the effect of a sliding hip screw versus cancellous screws on the risk of reoperation and other key outcomes Methods For this international, multicentre, allocation concealed randomised controlled trial, we enrolled patients aged 50 years or older with a low-energy hip fracture requiring fracture fixation from 81 clinical centres in eight countries Patients were assigned by minimisation with a centralised computer system to receive a single large-diameter screw with a side-plate (sliding hip screw) or the present standard of care, multiple small-diameter cancellous screws Surgeons and patients were not blinded but the data analyst, while doing the analyses, remained blinded to treatment groups The primary outcome was hip reoperation within 24 months after initial surgery to promote fracture healing, relieve pain, treat infection, or improve function Analyses followed the intention-to-treat principle This study was registered with ClinicalTrialsgov, number NCT00761813 Findings Between March 3, 2008, and March 31, 2014, we randomly assigned 1108 patients to receive a sliding hip screw (n=557) or cancellous screws (n=551) Reoperations within 24 months did not differ by type of surgical fixation in those included in the primary analysis: 107 (20%) of 542 patients in the sliding hip screw group versus 117 (22%) of 537 patients in the cancellous screws group (hazard ratio [HR] 0·83, 95% CI 0·63–1·09; p=0·18) Avascular necrosis was more common in the sliding hip screw group than in the cancellous screws group (50 patients [9%] vs 28 patients [5%]; HR 1·91, 1·06–3·44; p=0·0319) However, no significant difference was found between the number of medically related adverse events between groups (p=0·82; appendix); these events included pulmonary embolism (two patients [<1%] vs four [1%] patients; p=0·41) and sepsis (seven [1%] vs six [1%]; p=0·79) Interpretation In terms of reoperation rates the sliding hip screw shows no advantage, but some groups of patients (smokers and those with displaced or base of neck fractures) might do better with a sliding hip screw than with cancellous screws Funding National Institutes of Health, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Stichting NutsOhra, Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, Physicians' Services Incorporated

85 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the G-rich proviral DNA sequence of the HIV-1 U3 region, which serves as a promoter of viral transcription, adopts a G- quadruplex structure, and that the RNA sequence of U3 forms dimers with characteristics known for intermolecular G-quadruplexes.
Abstract: Genomic regions rich in G residues are prone to adopt G-quadruplex structure. Multiple Sp1-binding motifs arranged in tandem have been suggested to form this structure in promoters of cancer-related genes. Here, we demonstrate that the G-rich proviral DNA sequence of the HIV-1 U3 region, which serves as a promoter of viral transcription, adopts a G-quadruplex structure. The sequence contains three binding elements for transcription factor Sp1, which is involved in the regulation of HIV-1 latency, reactivation, and high-level virus expression. We show that the three Sp1 binding motifs can adopt different forms of G-quadruplex structure and that the Sp1 protein can recognize and bind to its site folded into a G-quadruplex. In addition, a c-kit2 specific antibody, designated hf2, binds to two different G-quadruplexes formed in Sp1 sites. Since U3 is encoded at both viral genomic ends, the G-rich sequence is also present in the RNA genome. We demonstrate that the RNA sequence of U3 forms dimers with characteristics known for intermolecular G-quadruplexes. Together with previous reports showing G-quadruplex dimers in the gag and cPPT regions, these results suggest that integrity of the two viral genomes is maintained through numerous intermolecular G-quadruplexes formed in different RNA genome locations. Reconstituted reverse transcription shows that the potassium-dependent structure formed in U3 RNA facilitates RT template switching, suggesting that the G-quadruplex contributes to recombination in U3.

85 citations


Cited by
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[...]

08 Dec 2001-BMJ
TL;DR: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one, which seems an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.
Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

33,785 citations

01 Jun 2012
TL;DR: SPAdes as mentioned in this paper is a new assembler for both single-cell and standard (multicell) assembly, and demonstrate that it improves on the recently released E+V-SC assembler and on popular assemblers Velvet and SoapDeNovo (for multicell data).
Abstract: The lion's share of bacteria in various environments cannot be cloned in the laboratory and thus cannot be sequenced using existing technologies. A major goal of single-cell genomics is to complement gene-centric metagenomic data with whole-genome assemblies of uncultivated organisms. Assembly of single-cell data is challenging because of highly non-uniform read coverage as well as elevated levels of sequencing errors and chimeric reads. We describe SPAdes, a new assembler for both single-cell and standard (multicell) assembly, and demonstrate that it improves on the recently released E+V-SC assembler (specialized for single-cell data) and on popular assemblers Velvet and SoapDeNovo (for multicell data). SPAdes generates single-cell assemblies, providing information about genomes of uncultivatable bacteria that vastly exceeds what may be obtained via traditional metagenomics studies. SPAdes is available online ( http://bioinf.spbau.ru/spades ). It is distributed as open source software.

10,124 citations

Journal ArticleDOI

7,335 citations

Journal ArticleDOI

6,278 citations