Author
Gema Cabello
Other affiliations: Xiamen University, Spanish National Research Council, Federal University of São Carlos
Bio: Gema Cabello is an academic researcher from University of Aberdeen. The author has contributed to research in topics: Nanoparticle & Formic acid. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 26 publications receiving 663 citations. Previous affiliations of Gema Cabello include Xiamen University & Spanish National Research Council.
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, a detailed spectrokinetic study of the electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid on Au and Pt electrodes using ATR-SEIRAS has been presented.
Abstract: We present a detailed spectrokinetic study of the electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid on Au and Pt electrodes using ATR-SEIRAS that has allowed us to unveil the mechanisms of both the direct (in which adsorbed CO is not involved) and the indirect (through adsorbed CO) paths of the reaction with unprecedented detail. Au electrodes were used to study the mechanism of the direct path without the interference of the indirect path, and the observed quadratic dependence of the reaction rate on the formate coverage was then shown to apply also to Pt. The direct path consists of three steps, namely, (i) the electroadsorption of formate (corresponding to the first electron transfer), (ii) the purely chemical bimolecular decomposition of adsorbed formate, and (iii) the second electron transfer. The dehydration of HCOOH to adsorbed CO, that is then oxidized to CO2 in the indirect path, was studied on Pt at E < 0.4 V vs the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), at which potentials the dehydration reaction is the...
178 citations
TL;DR: It is confirmed that the dehydration of formic acid on Pt electrodes requires adjacent empty sites, and it is demonstrated that the reaction follows an apparently paradoxical electrochemical mechanism, in which an oxidation is immediately followed by a reduction.
Abstract: The electrooxidation of formic acid on Pt and other noble metal electrodes proceeds through a dual-path mechanism, composed of a direct path and an indirect path through adsorbed carbon monoxide, a poisoning intermediate. Adsorbed formate had been identified as the reactive intermediate in the direct path. Here we show that actually it is also the intermediate in the indirect path and is, hence, the key reaction intermediate, common to both the direct and indirect paths. Furthermore, it is confirmed that the dehydration of formic acid on Pt electrodes requires adjacent empty sites, and it is demonstrated that the reaction follows an apparently paradoxical electrochemical mechanism, in which an oxidation is immediately followed by a reduction.
101 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the microwave assisted synthesis of α-MnO2 particles at the aqueous-organic interface was reported, and they exhibited capacitances up to 289 ǫF g−1 and good electrochemical stability (up to 88% of the initial capacitance after 10,000 charge/discharge cycles).
99 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the fundamental principles of plasmonic photocatalysis and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) were presented based on their connections to the localized surface plasmor resonance (LSPR) effect.
Abstract: Among photothermal, photovoltaic and photochemical techniques, photochemistry is superior in energy storage and transportation by converting photons into chemical fuels. Recently plasmonic photocatalysis, based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) generated from noble metal nanostructures, has attracted much attention. It promotes photochemical reaction efficiency by optimizing the solar spectrum absorption and the surface reaction kinetics. The deeper understanding is in urgent need for the development of novel plasmonic photocatalysts. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which is also originated from the LSPR effect, provides an excellent opportunity to probe and monitor plasmonic photoreactions in situ and in real-time, with a very high surface sensitivity and energy resolution. Here, fundamentals of plasmonic photocatalysis and SERS are first presented based on their connections to the LSPR effect. Following by a validity analysis, latest studies of SERS applied for the plasmon mediated photochemical reaction are reviewed, focusing on the reaction kinetics and mechanism exploration. Finally, limitations of the present study, as well as the future research directions, are briefly analyzed and discussed.
89 citations
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that at constant potential the current increases quadratically with the formate coverage, which indicates that the rate-determining step in the oxidation of adsorbed formate to CO2 is a bimolecular reaction between adjacent formate species.
65 citations
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TL;DR: Lipson and Steeple as mentioned in this paper interpreted X-ray powder diffraction patterns and found that powder-diffraction patterns can be represented by a set of 3-dimensional planes.
Abstract: Interpretation of X-ray Powder Diffraction Patterns . By H. Lipson and H. Steeple. Pp. viii + 335 + 3 plates. (Mac-millan: London; St Martins Press: New York, May 1970.) £4.
1,867 citations
TL;DR: The general overview of the field and the background for appropriate modelling of the physical phenomena are provided and the current state of the art and most recent applications of plasmon resonance in Au NPs are reported.
Abstract: In the last two decades, plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) has been the subject of intense research efforts. Plasmon physics is intriguing and its precise modelling proved to be challenging. In fact, plasmons are highly responsive to a multitude of factors, either intrinsic to the Au NPs or from the environment, and recently the need emerged for the correction of standard electromagnetic approaches with quantum effects. Applications related to plasmon absorption and scattering in Au NPs are impressively numerous, ranging from sensing to photothermal effects to cell imaging. Also, plasmon-enhanced phenomena are highly interesting for multiple purposes, including, for instance, Raman spectroscopy of nearby analytes, catalysis, or sunlight energy conversion. In addition, plasmon excitation is involved in a series of advanced physical processes such as non-linear optics, optical trapping, magneto-plasmonics, and optical activity. Here, we provide the general overview of the field and the background for appropriate modelling of the physical phenomena. Then, we report on the current state of the art and most recent applications of plasmon resonance in Au NPs.
1,205 citations
TL;DR: This review summarizes the recent developments to overcome the kinetics issues of alkaline HER, synthesis of materials with modified morphologies, and electronic structures to tune the active sites and their applications as efficient catalysts for HER.
Abstract: Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline medium is currently a point of focus for sustainable development of hydrogen as an alternative clean fuel for various energy systems, but suffers from sluggish reaction kinetics due to additional water dissociation step. So, the state-of-the-art catalysts performing well in acidic media lose considerable catalytic performance in alkaline media. This review summarizes the recent developments to overcome the kinetics issues of alkaline HER, synthesis of materials with modified morphologies, and electronic structures to tune the active sites and their applications as efficient catalysts for HER. It first explains the fundamentals and electrochemistry of HER and then outlines the requirements for an efficient and stable catalyst in alkaline medium. The challenges with alkaline HER and limitation with the electrocatalysts along with prospective solutions are then highlighted. It further describes the synthesis methods of advanced nanostructures based on carbon, noble, and inexpensive metals and their heterogeneous structures. These heterogeneous structures provide some ideal systems for analyzing the role of structure and synergy on alkaline HER catalysis. At the end, it provides the concluding remarks and future perspectives that can be helpful for tuning the catalysts active-sites with improved electrochemical efficiencies in future.
923 citations
TL;DR: This tutorial review attempts to summarize the recent important progress towards the development of porous Pt-based nanostructured materials, with special emphasis on fabrication methods and advanced electrochemical applications, such as electrocatalysis and electrochemical sensors.
Abstract: Porous Pt-based nanostructured materials possess intriguing physical and chemical properties to generate promising potential for various important applications such as fuel cells, sensors, stimulation electrodes, mechanical actuators and catalysis. With the great advances in material science and nanotechnology, porous Pt-based nanomaterials with well-controlled composition, shape, and geometrical configuration have been rationally designed and fabricated. Importantly, their superior properties including unique pore structure, large specific surface area and excellent structural stability have fuelled up great interest to improve their current performance and to explore new applications. This tutorial review attempts to summarize the recent important progress towards the development of porous Pt-based nanostructured materials, with special emphasis on fabrication methods and advanced electrochemical applications, such as electrocatalysis and electrochemical sensors. The correlations between the composition and morphology of the catalysts and their catalytic properties are discussed based on some important and representative examples. Some key scientific issues and potential future directions of research in this field are also discussed.
419 citations