Author
Geordan Shannon
Other affiliations: University of Cambridge, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
Bio: Geordan Shannon is an academic researcher from University College London. The author has contributed to research in topics: Health care & Medicine. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 29 publications receiving 700 citations. Previous affiliations of Geordan Shannon include University of Cambridge & Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital.
Topics: Health care, Medicine, Public health, Global health, Preconception Care
Papers
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363 citations
TL;DR: This Review presents a high-level synthesis of global gender data, summarise progress towards gender equality in science, medicine, and global health, review the evidence for why gender Equality in these fields matters in terms of health and social outcomes, and reflect on strategies to promote change.
265 citations
TL;DR: The COVID19 outbreak has uncov ered a crisis in the authors' social and political fabric extending beyond the outbreak itself: an uncomfortable propensity towards racism, xenophobia, and intolerance exacerbated by trans national health challenges and national politics.
107 citations
TL;DR: If the feminisation of the global health workforce leads to a deterioration of wage conditions in health, have significant implications for health policy and planning and highlight tensions between current, purely economic, framing of health workforce dynamics and the need for more extensive gender analysis.
Abstract: The feminisation of the global health workforce presents a unique challenge for human resource policy and health sector reform which requires an explicit gender focus. Relatively little is known about changes in the gender composition of the health workforce and its impact on drivers of global health workforce dynamics such as wage conditions. In this article, we use a gender analysis to explore if the feminisation of the global health workforce leads to a deterioration of wage conditions in health. We performed an exploratory, time series analysis of gender disaggregated WageIndicator data. We explored global gender trends, wage gaps and wage conditions over time in selected health occupations. We analysed a sample of 25 countries over 9 years between 2006 and 2014, containing data from 970,894 individuals, with 79,633 participants working in health occupations (48,282 of which reported wage data). We reported by year, country income level and health occupation grouping. The health workforce is feminising, particularly in lower- and upper-middle-income countries. This was associated with a wage gap for women of 26 to 36% less than men, which increased over time. In lower- and upper-middle-income countries, an increasing proportion of women in the health workforce was associated with an increasing gender wage gap and decreasing wage conditions. The gender wage gap was pronounced in both clinical and allied health professions and over lower-middle-, upper-middle- and high-income countries, although the largest gender wage gaps were seen in allied healthcare occupations in lower-middle-income countries. These results, if a true reflection of the global health workforce, have significant implications for health policy and planning and highlight tensions between current, purely economic, framing of health workforce dynamics and the need for more extensive gender analysis. They also highlight the value of a more nuanced approach to health workforce planning that is gender sensitive, specific to countries’ levels of development, and considers specific health occupations.
61 citations
TL;DR: Four public health models of care were developed synthesizing preconception-care delivery at a population level based on the lack of consensus about the best way to deliver preconception care.
Abstract: A key challenge of preconception healthcare is identifying how it can best be delivered at a population level. To review current strategies of preconception healthcare, explore methods of preconception healthcare delivery, and develop public health models which reflect different preconception healthcare pathways. Preconception care strategies, programmes and evaluations were identified through a review of Medline and Embase databases. Search terms included: preconception, pre-pregnancy, intervention, primary care, healthcare, model, delivery, program, prevention, trial, effectiveness, congenital disorders OR abnormalities, evaluation, assessment, impact. Inclusion criteria for review articles were: (1) English, (2) human subjects, (3) women of childbearing age, (4) 1980–current data, (5) all countries, (6) both high risk and universal approaches, (7) guidelines or recommendations, (8) opinion articles, (9) experimental studies. Exclusion criteria were: (1) non-human subjects, (2) non-English, (3) outside of the specified timeframe, (4) articles on male healthcare. The results of the literature review were synthesised into public health models of care: (1) primary care; (2) hospital-based and inter-conception care; (3) specific preconception care clinics; and, (4) community outreach. Fifteen evaluations of preconception care were identified. Community programmes demonstrated a significant impact on substance use, folic acid supplementation, diabetes optimization, and hyperphenylalaninemia. An ideal preconception visits entail risk screening, education, and intervention if indicated. Subsequently, four public health models were developed synthesizing preconception care delivery at a population level. Heterogeneity of risk factors, health systems and strategies of care reflect the lack of consensus about the best way to deliver preconception care. The proposed models aim to reflect differing aspects of preconception healthcare delivery.
57 citations
Cited by
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Book Chapter•
01 Jan 1996
TL;DR: In this article, Jacobi describes the production of space poetry in the form of a poetry collection, called Imagine, Space Poetry, Copenhagen, 1996, unpaginated and unedited.
Abstract: ‘The Production of Space’, in: Frans Jacobi, Imagine, Space Poetry, Copenhagen, 1996, unpaginated.
7,238 citations
6,977 citations
28 Nov 2018
1,939 citations
Tulane University1, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center2, National Institutes of Health3, University of Arizona4, Karolinska Institutet5, Brigham and Women's Hospital6, Georgia State University7, University of Colorado Denver8, Washington University in St. Louis9, Johns Hopkins University10, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia11, University of Illinois at Chicago12, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston13, Charité14, University of Zurich15, Georgetown University16, Duke University17, Veterans Health Administration18
TL;DR: Clinicians and researchers are guided to consider sex and gender in their approach to diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases as a necessary and fundamental step towards precision medicine, which will benefit men's and women's health.
781 citations
University of Toronto1, World Health Organization2, International Agency for Research on Cancer3, University of London4, BRAC University5, Hanoi Medical University6, University of Washington7, Queen's University8, St. John's University9, RTI International10, HealthPartners11, King's College London12, Cayetano Heredia University13, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill14, University of Zambia15, Imperial College London16
TL;DR: The burden of breast and cervical cancer is described, with an emphasis on global and regional trends in incidence, mortality, and survival, and the consequences, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged women in different settings.
627 citations