Georges Aad

Bio: Georges Aad is an academic researcher from Aix-Marseille University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Large Hadron Collider & Higgs boson. The author has an hindex of 135, co-authored 1121 publications receiving 88811 citations. Previous affiliations of Georges Aad include Centre national de la recherche scientifique & University of Udine.

Operation of the ATLAS trigger system in Run 2

Abstract: The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider employs a two-level trigger system to record data at an average rate of 1 kHz from physics collisions, starting from an initial bunch crossing rate ...

Measurement of the cross-section for producing a W boson in association with a single top quark in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with ATLAS

Abstract: The inclusive cross-section for the associated production of a $W$ boson and top quark is measured using data from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}={13}\text{TeV}$. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb$^{-1}$, and was collected in 2015 by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Events are selected requiring two opposite sign isolated leptons and at least one jet; they are separated into signal and control regions based on their jet multiplicity and the number of jets that are identified as containing $b$ hadrons. The $Wt$ signal is then separated from the $t\bar{t}$ background using boosted decision tree discriminants in two regions. The cross-section is extracted by fitting templates to the data distributions, and is measured to be $94 \pm 10$ (stat.)$^{+28}_{-22}$ (syst.) $\pm 2$ (lumi.) pb. The measurement is in agreement with the Standard Model prediction.

Measurements of four-lepton production at the Z resonance in pp collisions at √s = 7 and 8 TeV with ATLAS

Abstract: Measurements of four-lepton (4l, l = e,mu) production cross sections at the Z resonance in pp collisions at the LHC with the ATLAS detector are presented. For dilepton and four-lepton invariant mas ...

Measurements of the production cross section of a Z boson in association with jets in pp collisions at s√=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Abstract: Measurements of the production cross section of a Z boson in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13TeV are presented, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity

Search for the Decay of the Higgs Boson to Charm Quarks with the ATLAS Experiment

Abstract: A direct search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying to a pair of charm quarks is presented Associated production of the Higgs and Z bosons, in the decay mode ZH→l^{+}l^{-}cc[over ¯] is studied A data set with an integrated luminosity of 361 fb^{-1} of pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC is used The H→cc[over ¯] signature is identified using charm-tagging algorithms The observed (expected) upper limit on σ(pp→ZH)×B(H→cc[over ¯]) is 27 (39_{-11}^{+21}) pb at the 95% confidence level for a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV, while the standard model value is 26 fb

I and i

Abstract: There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality. Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

Machine learning

Abstract: Machine Learning is the study of methods for programming computers to learn. Computers are applied to a wide range of tasks, and for most of these it is relatively easy for programmers to design and implement the necessary software. However, there are many tasks for which this is difficult or impossible. These can be divided into four general categories. First, there are problems for which there exist no human experts. For example, in modern automated manufacturing facilities, there is a need to predict machine failures before they occur by analyzing sensor readings. Because the machines are new, there are no human experts who can be interviewed by a programmer to provide the knowledge necessary to build a computer system. A machine learning system can study recorded data and subsequent machine failures and learn prediction rules. Second, there are problems where human experts exist, but where they are unable to explain their expertise. This is the case in many perceptual tasks, such as speech recognition, hand-writing recognition, and natural language understanding. Virtually all humans exhibit expert-level abilities on these tasks, but none of them can describe the detailed steps that they follow as they perform them. Fortunately, humans can provide machines with examples of the inputs and correct outputs for these tasks, so machine learning algorithms can learn to map the inputs to the outputs. Third, there are problems where phenomena are changing rapidly. In finance, for example, people would like to predict the future behavior of the stock market, of consumer purchases, or of exchange rates. These behaviors change frequently, so that even if a programmer could construct a good predictive computer program, it would need to be rewritten frequently. A learning program can relieve the programmer of this burden by constantly modifying and tuning a set of learned prediction rules. Fourth, there are applications that need to be customized for each computer user separately. Consider, for example, a program to filter unwanted electronic mail messages. Different users will need different filters. It is unreasonable to expect each user to program his or her own rules, and it is infeasible to provide every user with a software engineer to keep the rules up-to-date. A machine learning system can learn which mail messages the user rejects and maintain the filtering rules automatically. Machine learning addresses many of the same research questions as the fields of statistics, data mining, and psychology, but with differences of emphasis. Statistics focuses on understanding the phenomena that have generated the data, often with the goal of testing different hypotheses about those phenomena. Data mining seeks to find patterns in the data that are understandable by people. Psychological studies of human learning aspire to understand the mechanisms underlying the various learning behaviors exhibited by people (concept learning, skill acquisition, strategy change, etc.).

Phd by thesis

Abstract: Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These