Author
Gerald Yong
Other affiliations: Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Royal Perth Hospital
Bio: Gerald Yong is an academic researcher from Fiona Stanley Hospital. The author has contributed to research in topics: Valve replacement & Stenosis. The author has an hindex of 17, co-authored 37 publications receiving 1310 citations. Previous affiliations of Gerald Yong include Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital & Royal Perth Hospital.
Topics: Valve replacement, Stenosis, Medicine, Cardiology, Aortic valve stenosis
Papers
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Cedars-Sinai Medical Center1, Leiden University Medical Center2, University of Catania3, University of British Columbia4, Columbia University Medical Center5, Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust6, Ruhr University Bochum7, University of Freiburg8, Keio University9, University of Zurich10, Royal Perth Hospital11, National Taiwan University12, Seoul National University Hospital13, NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital14, Asan Medical Center15, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University16
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the procedural and clinical outcomes in patients with bicuspid versus tricusid aortic valve stenosis (AS) from the BICUSID AS TAVR multicenter registry.
307 citations
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Asan Medical Center1, University of Ulsan2, University of British Columbia3, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University4, University of Catania5, University of Freiburg6, University of Zurich7, Royal Perth Hospital8, Leiden University Medical Center9, National Taiwan University10, Seoul National University Hospital11, Columbia University Medical Center12
TL;DR: New-generation devices were associated with less paravalvular leak and, hence, a higher device success rate than early- Generation devices, and the clinical outcomes of TAVR in patients with bicuspid AS were favorable.
172 citations
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TL;DR: The preliminary data suggested LAA closure with ACP is safe, feasible with encouraging 1‐yr clinical outcomes, and further large‐scaled trials are needed to confirm the efficacy of this device.
Abstract: Background: Left atrial appendage (LAA) is the main source of left atrial thrombus that causes stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This study reported the initial safety, feasibility, and 1-yr clinical outcomes following AMPLATZER cardiac plug (ACP) implantation in Asia-Pacific region.Methods: Twenty NVAF patients (16 males, age 68 ± 9 yr) with high risk for developing cardioembolic stroke (CHADS2 score: 2.3 ± 1.3) and contraindications to warfarin received ACP implants from June 2009 to May 2010. Patients received general anesthesia (n = 9) or controlled propofol sedation (n = 11) and the procedures were guided by fluoroscopy and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Clinical follow-up was arranged at 1 month and then every 3 months after implantation, whereas, a TEE was scheduled at 1 month upon completion of dual anti-platelet therapy.Results: The LAA was successfully occluded in 19/20 patients (95%) at two Asian centers. One procedure was abandoned because of catheter-related thrombus formation. Other complications included coronary artery air embolism (n = 1) and TEE-attributed esophageal injury (n = 1). The median procedural and fluoroscopic times were 79 (IQR: 59–100) and 18 (IQR 12–27) minutes, respectively. The mean size of implant was 23.6 ± 3.1 mm. The average hospital stay was 1.8 ± 1.1 days. Follow-up TEE showed all the LAA orifices were sealed without device-related thrombus formation. No stroke or death occurred at a mean follow-up of 12.7 ± 3.1 months. Conclusions: Our preliminary data suggested LAA closure with ACP is safe, feasible with encouraging 1-yr clinical outcomes. Further large-scaled trials are needed to confirm the efficacy of this device. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
157 citations
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TL;DR: TAVR using the next-generation THV is clinically safe and effective for treating older patients with severe AS at increased operative risk.
128 citations
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TL;DR: Clinical outcomes remain good when THV embolization is managed effectively and there are no apparent hemodynamic consequences of a second valve placed in the series after TAVI.
Abstract: Objectives This study aims to assess the mid- to long-term follow-up of patients after valve embolization at the time of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Background Transcatheter heart valve (THV) embolization is a rare but serious complication during TAVI. Although various techniques have been developed to manage acute complications and reduce periprocedural morbidity/mortality, long-term clinical and hemodynamic consequences after these events are unknown. Methods Patients who developed THV embolization after TAVI were prospectively assessed. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were recorded at baseline and after successful TAVI/surgical aortic valve replacement. The THV migration and strut fractures/degeneration were assessed by computed tomography. Results A total of 7 patients had THV embolization, all of which occurred immediately after valve deployment. The embolized THV was repositioned in the aortic arch proximal to the left subclavian artery (n = 2), immediately distal to the left subclavian artery (n = 2), and in the abdominal aorta (n = 3). A second THV was implanted successfully at the same sitting in 4 patients and at the time of a second procedure in 2 patients. Elective conventional aortic valve replacement was performed in 1 patient. Median follow-up was 1,085 days. One patient died during follow-up from an unrelated cause. The remaining 6 survivors were in New York Heart Association functional class I or II at final follow-up. Mid-term computed tomography follow-up (n = 4,591 to 1,548 days) showed that the leaflets of the embolized THV remain open in all phases of the cardiac cycle. There was also no strut fracture or migration of these valves. Conclusions Clinical outcomes remain good when THV embolization is managed effectively. There are no apparent hemodynamic consequences of a second valve placed in the series. These embolized valves remain in a stable position with no evidence of strut fractures at mid-term follow-up.
105 citations
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TL;DR: The 2 existing classification schemes and especially a new stroke risk index, CHADS, can quantify risk of stroke for patients who have AF and may aid in selection of antithrombotic therapy.
Abstract: a c statistic of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.80-0.84), the CHADS2 index was the most accurate predictor of stroke. The stroke rate per 100 patient-years without antithrombotic therapy increased by a factor of 1.5 (95% CI, 1.3-1.7) for each 1-point increase in the CHADS2 score: 1.9 (95% CI, 1.2-3.0) for a score of 0; 2.8 (95% CI, 2.0-3.8) for 1; 4.0 (95% CI, 3.1-5.1) for 2; 5.9 (95% CI, 4.6-7.3) for 3; 8.5 (95% CI, 6.3-11.1) for 4; 12.5 (95% CI, 8.2-17.5) for 5; and 18.2 (95% CI, 10.5-27.4) for 6. Conclusion The 2 existing classification schemes and especially a new stroke risk index, CHADS2, can quantify risk of stroke for patients who have AF and may aid in selection of antithrombotic therapy.
1,446 citations
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National Heart Foundation of Australia1, University of Toronto2, Cleveland Clinic3, University of Chicago4, University of Alberta5, Inova Fairfax Hospital6, Ochsner Health System7, University of Alabama at Birmingham8, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust9, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich10, Saint Barnabas Medical Center11, Duke University12, Primary Children's Hospital13, University of Pittsburgh14, University of Utah15, University of Maryland, Baltimore16, University of Vienna17, Stanford University18, University College London19, Washington University in St. Louis20, Loma Linda University21, University of A Coruña22, The Texas Heart Institute23, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven24, Northwestern University25, University of Wisconsin-Madison26, Yeshiva University27, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center28, University of Colorado Denver29, Drexel University30, University of Pennsylvania31, Mayo Clinic32, St Vincent Hospital33, Papworth Hospital34, Emory University35, Johns Hopkins University36
TL;DR: Institutional Affiliations Chair Costanzo MR: Midwest Heart Foundation, Lombard Illinois, USA Task Force 1 Dipchand A: Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto Ontario, Canada; Starling R: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Starlings R: University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,USA; Chan M: university of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada ; Desai S: Inova Fairfax Hospital, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.
Abstract: Institutional Affiliations Chair Costanzo MR: Midwest Heart Foundation, Lombard Illinois, USA Task Force 1 Dipchand A: Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto Ontario, Canada; Starling R: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Anderson A: University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Chan M: University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Desai S: Inova Fairfax Hospital, Fairfax, Virginia, USA; Fedson S: University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Fisher P: Ochsner Clinic, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA; Gonzales-Stawinski G: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Martinelli L: Ospedale Niguarda, Milano, Italy; McGiffin D: University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Parisi F: Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesu, Rome, Italy; Smith J: Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Task Force 2 Taylor D: Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Meiser B: University of Munich/Grosshaden, Munich, Germany; Baran D: Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, Newark, New Jersey, USA; Carboni M: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Dengler T: University of Hidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Feldman D: Minneapolis Heart Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Frigerio M: Ospedale Niguarda, Milano, Italy; Kfoury A: Intermountain Medical Center, Murray, Utah, USA; Kim D: University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Kobashigawa J: Cedar-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA; Shullo M: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Stehlik J: University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA; Teuteberg J: University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Uber P: University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Zuckermann A: University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Task Force 3 Hunt S: Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA; Burch M: Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK; Bhat G: Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, Illinois, USA; Canter C: St. Louis Children Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA; Chinnock R: Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, Loma Linda, California, USA; Crespo-Leiro M: Hospital Universitario A Coruna, La Coruna, Spain; Delgado R: Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Texas, USA; Dobbels F: Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Grady K: Northwestern University, Chicago, Illlinois, USA; Kao W: University of Wisconsin, Madison Wisconsin, USA; Lamour J: Montefiore Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Parry G: Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK; Patel J: Cedar-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA; Pini D: Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano, Italy; Pinney S: Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Towbin J: Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Wolfel G: University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA Independent Reviewers Delgado D: University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Eisen H: Drexler University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Goldberg L: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Hosenpud J: Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA; Johnson M: University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Keogh A: St Vincent Hospital, Sidney, New South Wales, Australia; Lewis C: Papworth Hospital Cambridge, UK; O'Connell J: St. Joseph Hospital, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Rogers J: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Ross H: University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Russell S: Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Vanhaecke J: University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium.
1,346 citations
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1,300 citations
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TL;DR: Given the strong prognostic links between vascular structure, function and cardiovascular events, the implications of these findings are obvious, yet many unanswered questions remain, including the mechanisms responsible for NO bioactivity, the nature of the cellular effect and relevance of other autacoids, but also such practical questions as the optimal intensity, modality and volume of exercise training required in different populations.
Abstract: Vascular endothelial function is essential for maintenance of health of the vessel wall and for vasomotor control in both conduit and resistance vessels. These functions are due to the production of numerous autacoids, of which nitric oxide (NO) has been the most widely studied. Exercise training has been shown, in many animal and human studies, to augment endothelial, NO-dependent vasodilatation in both large and small vessels. The extent of the improvement in humans depends upon the muscle mass subjected to training; with forearm exercise, changes are restricted to the forearm vessels while lower body training can induce generalized benefit. Increased NO bioactivity with exercise training has been readily and consistently demonstrated in subjects with cardiovascular disease and risk factors, in whom antecedent endothelial dysfunction exists. These conditions may all be associated with increased oxygen free radicals which impact on NO synthase activity and with which NO reacts; repeated exercise and shear stress stimulation of NO bioactivity redresses this radical imbalance, hence leading to greater potential for autacoid bioavailability. Recent human studies also indicate that exercise training may improve endothelial function by up-regulating eNOS protein expression and phosphorylation. While improvement in NO vasodilator function has been less frequently found in healthy subjects, a higher level of training may lead to improvement. Regarding time course, studies indicate that short-term training increases NO bioactivity, which acts to homeostatically regulate the shear stress associated with exercise. Whilst the increase in NO bioactivity dissipates within weeks of training cessation, studies also indicate that if exercise is maintained, the short-term functional adaptation is succeeded by NO-dependent structural changes, leading to arterial remodelling and structural normalization of shear. Given the strong prognostic links between vascular structure, function and cardiovascular events, the implications of these findings are obvious, yet many unanswered questions remain, not only concerning the mechanisms responsible for NO bioactivity, the nature of the cellular effect and relevance of other autacoids, but also such practical questions as the optimal intensity, modality and volume of exercise training required in different populations.
945 citations
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TL;DR: The American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents (ECDs) as mentioned in this paper developed by the ACCF and other cosponsors are intended to inform practitioners, payers, and other interested parties of the opinion of the ACC and document cosponsors concerning evolving areas of clinical practice and/or technologies that are widely available or new to the practice community.
Abstract: This document has been developed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents, the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG), and the American Heart Association (AHA). Expert consensus documents (ECDs) are intended to inform practitioners, payers, and other interested parties of the opinion of the ACCF and document cosponsors concerning evolving areas of clinical practice and/or technologies that are widely available or new to the practice community. Topics chosen for coverage by ECDs are so designed because the evidence base, the experience with technology, and/or the clinical practice are not considered sufficiently well developed to be evaluated by the formal American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) practice guidelines process. Often the topic is the subject of ongoing investigation. Thus, the reader should view ECDs as the best attempt of the ACCF and other cosponsors to inform and guide clinical practice in areas where rigorous evidence may not be available or the evidence to date is not widely accepted. When feasible, ECDs include indications or contraindications. Topics covered by ECDs may be addressed subsequently by the ACC/AHA Practice Guidelines Committee as new evidence evolves and is evaluated.
The Task Force on ECDs makes every …
824 citations