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Numerical Heat Transfer And Fluid Flow

Mechanical and chemical recycling of solid plastic waste.

Increasing the stream of recycled plastic necessitates an approach beyond the traditional recycling via melting and re-extrusion. Various chemical recycling processes have great potential to enhance recycling rates. In this Review, a summary of the various chemical recycling routes and assessment via life-cycle analysis is complemented by an extensive list of processes developed by companies active in chemical recycling. We show that each of the currently available processes is applicable for specific plastic waste streams. Thus, only a combination of different technologies can address the plastic waste problem. Research should focus on more realistic, more contaminated and mixed waste streams, while collection and sorting infrastructure will need to be improved, that is, by stricter regulation. This Review aims to inspire both science and innovation for the production of higher value and quality products from plastic recycling suitable for reuse or valorization to create the necessary economic and environmental push for a circular economy.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/anie.201915651

Beyond Mechanical Recycling: Giving New Life to Plastic Waste

Over the last two decades, flow technologies have become increasingly popular in the field of organic chemistry, offering solutions for engineering and/or chemical problems. Flow reactors enhance the mass and heat transfer, resulting in rapid reaction mixing, and enable a precise control over the reaction parameters, increasing the overall process selectivity, efficiency and safety. These features allow chemists to tackle unexploited challenges in their work, with the ultimate objective making chemistry more accessible for laboratory and industrial applications, avoiding the need to store and handle toxic, reactive and explosive reagents. This review covers some of the latest and most relevant developments in the field of continuous flow chemistry with the focus on hazardous reactions.

Taming hazardous chemistry by continuous flow technology

The use of structured catalysts in the chemical industry has been considered for years. Conventional fixed-bed reactors have some obvious disadvantages such as maldistributions of various kinds (including a nonuniform access of reactants to the catalytic surface), high pressure drop in the bed, etc. Structured catalysts are promising as far as elimination of these setbacks is concerned. Two basic kinds of structured catalysts can be distinguished: Structural packings covered with catalytically active material, similar in design to those used in distillation and absorption columns and/or static mixers. Good examples of catalysts of this kind are those offered by Sulzer, clearly developed by Sulzer column packings and static mixers. As in packed beds, there is an intensive radial convective mass transport over the entire cross-section of these packings. Structural packing catalysts and the reactors containing them are, however, not within the scope of this review. Monolithic catalysts are continuou...

Monoliths in Heterogeneous Catalysis

Modeling the evaporation of a hydrocarbon feedstock in the convection section of a steam cracker

https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/414607/file/447354.pdf

CFD modeling of all gas–liquid and vapor–liquid flow regimes predicted by the Baker chart

CFD simulations of steam cracking furnaces using detailed combustion mechanisms

Impact of radiation models in CFD simulations of steam cracking furnaces

https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/3158981/file/3158982.pdf

Geraldine Heynderickx

Papers

Modeling the evaporation of a hydrocarbon feedstock in the convection section of a steam cracker

CFD modeling of all gas–liquid and vapor–liquid flow regimes predicted by the Baker chart

CFD simulations of steam cracking furnaces using detailed combustion mechanisms

Impact of radiation models in CFD simulations of steam cracking furnaces

Modeling fast biomass pyrolysis in a gas/solid vortex reactor