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Germán J. Moreira

Bio: Germán J. Moreira is an academic researcher from National University of La Plata. The author has contributed to research in topics: Graomys griseoflavus & Pottery. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 19 publications receiving 283 citations. Previous affiliations of Germán J. Moreira include National Scientific and Technical Research Council.

Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, a composicion taxonomica cualitativa y cuantitativas of a muestra de micromamiferos proveniente del paraje Lle cul (43o 20' S, 65o 35' W), en el valle del rio Chubut (Argentina), with una antiguedad de 1830 ± 70 anos radiocarbonicos AP.
Abstract: Se estudio la composicion taxonomica cualitativa y cuantitativa de una muestra de micromamiferos proveniente del paraje Lle cul (43o 20' S, 65o 35' W), en el valle del rio Chubut (Argentina), con una antiguedad de 1830 ± 70 anos radiocarbonicos AP. La asociacion esta integrada por roedores sigmodontinos (6 especies), caviomorfos (dos especies), quiropteros (dos especies) y marsupiales marmosinos (dos especies), destacandose por su abundancia Calomys cf. C. laucha-C. musculinus (35,2%) y Eligmodontia sp. (33,4%). El estudio de la frecuencia esqueletaria y marcas de corrosion sobre los restos oseos indican que el agregado ha sido generado por una estrigiforme poco destructiva, quizas Tyto alba, y depositado probablemente en epoca invernal. La comparacion con los micromamiferos de una muestra actual de egagropilas de T. alba de la misma localidad (correspondiente a un ano), revela una disminucion importante en la diversidad especifica, con una dominancia cercana al 95% para Calomys cf. C. laucha-C. musculinus. La discusion efectuada a base de muestras actuales representativas de diferentes distritos fitogeograficos patagonicos y evidencias paleoambientales para el Holoceno superior, indican como causas mas probables de este empobrecimiento al impacto antropico durante los ultimos 100 anos. Actividades como la expansion de agroecosistemas habrian favorecido la dispersion y abundancia de Calomys en detrimento de otros micromamiferos

65 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of a taphonomic and paleoenvironmental analysis of small mammal remains recovered from the Negro Muerto and Angostura 1 archaeological sites are presented in this article.

51 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A preferential consumption of some body parts of avian prey is suggested, as evidenced in the high frequency of wing elements in the uneaten prey remains of crested caracara from La Pampa province, Argentina.

26 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: A taphonomic analysis of microvertebrate assemblages recovered from the archaeological site of Cueva Arroyo Colorado (Mendoza, late Holocene) (35o12´ S and 70o05´ W) in order to carry out a paleoenvironmental characterization and investigate the assumption that micro-vertebrates were indeed eaten by humans is presented in this paper.
Abstract: En el presente trabajo se efectua un analisis tafonomico de los ensambles de microvertebrados, exhumados del sitio arqueologico Cueva Arroyo Colorado (Mendoza, Holoceno tardio) (35o12´ S y 70o05´ O), se realiza una caracterizacion paleoambiental y se indaga acerca del consumo de microvertebrados por el hombre en este sitio. Como control actualistico se estudian contenidos de egagropilas de Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769), recolectadas en la cercania del sitio arqueologico. La muestra fosil fue dividida en dos Componentes. En el Componente II (3190-1380 AP), el principal agente acumulador habria sido un mamifero carnivoro, de accion destructiva fuerte, posiblemente un felido. En el Componente I (1380-770 AP), el principal agente acumulador habria sido una estrigiforme de accion destructiva ligera, quizas T . alba . Entre los restos de este Componente se encontraron algunas evidencias de actividad antropica, como huellas de corte y huesos quemados en los roedores mas grandes. El Componente II, presento escasas evidencias de modificaciones postdepositacionales, en tanto el Componente I exhibio importantes caracteristicas de este tipo de alteracion, como pisoteo, corrosion sedimentaria por elevada humedad y manchas de oxido de manganeso. El analisis de las caracteristicas ecologicas de los taxones recuperados indicaria que posiblemente el ambiente que circunda al sitio no habria sufrido modificaciones significativas en los ultimos 3200 anos. Sin embargo, en la muestra actual se observo un empobrecimiento de la diversidad taxonomica y la aparicion de Abrothrix olivaceu s (Waterhouse, 1837), lo que sugiere un deterioro ambiental posiblemente producido por la introduccion del ganado domestico en el area desde el siglo XIX. Palabras clave: Argentina, Microvertebrados, Tafonomia, Paleoambiente, Holoceno tardio, Impacto antropico, Sur de Mendoza Abstract: The present study constitutes a taphonomic analysis of microvertebrate assemblages recovered from the archaeological site of Cueva Arroyo Colorado (Mendoza, late Holocene) (35o12´ S y 70o05´ W) in order to carry out a paleoenvironmental characterization and investigate the assumption that microvertebrates were indeed eaten by humans. As an actualistic control, contents of pellets of Tyto alba (Scopoli, 1769), collected near the archaeological site were studied. The faunal sample was the product of two different episodes. In Component II (3190-1380 BP), the main agent responsible for the accumulation was probably a quite destructive mammalian carnivore, possibly a felid. In Component I (1380-770 BP), the main accumulator appears to have been an owl with a restricted destructive capacity, such as the Barn owl.Anthropic activity evidences, such as cutmarks and burned bones were ocassionally found. Component II faunas exhibited scarce evidence of postdepositional modifications yet their Component I equivalents showed many cases of trampling, sedimentary corrosion and spots of manganese oxides. Taking into account the ecological traits of the various taxa, it appears that the environment around the site did not suffered substantial changes in the last 3200 years. Nevertheless, the impoverishment of the taxonomic diversity that was observed through time, and the appearance of Abrothrix olivaceus (Waterhouse, 1837), all point to a degradation of the environment since XIX century that one may track to the domestic cattle. Keywords: Argentina, Microvertebrates, Taphonomy, Paleoenvironment, Late Holocene, Anthropic impact, Southern Mendoza

23 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: A taphonomic analysis of microvertebrate assemblages recovered from the archaeological site of Cueva Arroyo Colorado is constituted in order to carry out a paleoenvironmental characterization and investigate the assumption thatmicrovertebrates were indeed eaten by humans.

21 citations


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TL;DR: In this article, a categorization of weathering characteristics into six stages, recognizable on descriptive criteria, provides a basis for investigation of the weathering rates and processes of recent mammals in the Amboseli Basin.
Abstract: Bones of recent mammals in the Amboseli Basin, southern Kenya, exhibit distinctive weathering characteristics that can be related to the time since death and to the local conditions of temperature, humidity and soil chemistry. A categorization of weathering characteristics into six stages, recognizable on descriptive criteria, provides a basis for investigation of weathering rates and processes. The time necessary to achieve each successive weathering stage has been calibrated using known-age carcasses. Most bones decompose beyond recognition in 10 to 15 yr. Bones of animals under 100 kg and juveniles appear to weather more rapidly than bones of large animals or adults. Small-scale rather than widespread environmental factors seem to have greatest influence on weathering characteristics and rates. Bone weathering is potentially valuable as evidence for the period of time represented in recent or fossil bone assemblages, in- cluding those on archeological sites, and may also be an important tool in censusing populations of animals in modern ecosystems.

2,035 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper reviews the identification of traits produced by predators on arvicolins, murins and soricids using a method that may be used equally by taxonomists and taphonomists, and aims to provide the “tools” for taxonomicists to identify the predator based on their methodology.

132 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, a taxonomy and biogeography of micromammals (Didelphimorphia and Rodentia) from Northern Patagonia, Argentina is presented.
Abstract: Micromammals (Didelphimorphia and Rodentia) from Northern Patagonia, Argentina: Alpha taxonomy and biogeography. Current knowledge of the taxonomy and dist...

84 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The pattern of latitudinal decline in species' number in sigmodontine rodents is more complex than the traditionally envisioned north to south pauperization; southern mainland Patagonia is as poor in species's number as is northern Tierra del Fuego, suggesting that insularity is insufficient to explain the island assemblage.
Abstract: The Patagonian and Fuegian regions host a rich assemblage of sigmodontine rodents. In this article, we present a synthesis of our current understanding of their late Neogene diversification. Sigmodontine diversity in this area encompasses 16 genera and about 24 species; however, most belong to the tribes Abrotrichini and Phyllotini. Several abrotrichine genera are endemic to the region, whereas phyllotines are represented mainly by species widely distributed outside Patagonia. Two main ecogeographical assemblages of sigmodontines can be recognized: a lowland northeastern group with species mostly associated with shrub formations of the Monte Desert, and a medium to highland southwestern group of typical Patagonian elements, including several abrotrichines and a diversity of Andean forms. The pattern of latitudinal decline in species' number in sigmodontine rodents is more complex than the traditionally envisioned north to south pauperization; southern mainland Patagonia is as poor in species' number as is northern Tierra del Fuego (six species), suggesting that insularity is insufficient to explain the island assemblage. Glacial cycles may have had a major role in the control of sigmodontine richness. The fossil Fuego–Patagonian sigmodontine record is restricted to late Pleistocene–Holocene times. Remarkable events include regional extinctions of several widespread southwestern species during the latest Holocene and a reworking of micromammal assemblages, probably as a result of anthropogenic environmental changes. Two main phylogeographical patterns can be broadly associated with the northeastern and southwestern groups. The northeastern assemblage basically comprises species without phylogeographical structure, whereas the southwestern group involves several lineages with deep phylogeographical breaks. The current Fuego–Patagonian sigmodontine assemblage is mainly composed of species that colonized the area from lower latitudes and by others that have differentiated in situ. © 2011 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2011, 103, 495–513. La region Patagonico-Fueguina comporta un rico ensamble de roedores sigmodontinos. En este trabajo presentamos una sintesis del conocimiento sobre los procesos de diversificacion del grupo durante el Neogeno tardio. La diversidad de sigmodontinos comprende 16 generos y cerca de 24 especies; sin embargo, la mayor parte de las mismas pertenecen a las tribus Abrotrichini y Phyllotini. Varios generos de abrotriquinos son endemicos de la region, mientras que los filotinos estan en general representados por especies de amplia distribucion fuera de Patagonia. Se pueden reconocer dos grandes ensambles eco-geograficos de sigmodontinos: un grupo nor-oriental de tierras bajas, con especies mayoritariamente asociadas a las formaciones vegetales arbustivas del Monte, y otro sud-occidental de tierras de mediana a alta elevacion, que agrupa tipicos elementos patagonicos, incluyendo abrotriquinos y una diversidad de formas andinas. El patron de disminucion latitudinal en el numero de especies de sigmodontinos es mas complejo que aquel tradicionalmente supuesto de una pauperizacion norte a sur. La porcion continental mas austral de Patagonia es tan pobre en numero de especies como la porcion norte de Tierra del Fuego (seis especies) sugiriendo que la insularidad es insuficiente para explicar el ensamble isleno. Los ciclos glaciales podrian haber jugado un papel principal en el control de la riqueza especifica de sigmodontinos y mamiferos en general. El registro fosil de sigmodontinos en Fuego-Patagonia esta restringido al Pleistoceno tardio y Holoceno. Eventos destacables en esta historia incluyen extinciones regionales de especies sud-orientales de amplia distribucion durante el Holoceno tardio y una restructuracion de las comunidades posiblemente debida a cambios ambientales de origen antropico reciente. Dos patrones filogeograficos principales pueden ser gruesamente asociados con los grupos nor-oriental y sud-occidental previamente resenados. Mientras que el ensamble nor-oriental comprende basicamente especies sin estructura filogeografica, el sud-occidental involucra varios linajes que muestran profundos quiebres. La fauna de sigmodontinos de Fuego-Patagonia esta conformada mayoritariamente por especies que colonizaron desde bajas latitudes y por otras diferenciadas in situ.

64 citations