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Giancarlo Ferrari Trecate

Bio: Giancarlo Ferrari Trecate is an academic researcher from École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. The author has contributed to research in topics: Microgrid & AC power. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 6 publications receiving 323 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an extensive review on control schemes and architectures applied to dc microgrids (MGs) is presented, covering multilayer hierarchical control schemes, coordinated control strategies, plug-and-play operations, stability and active damping aspects, as well as nonlinear control algorithms.
Abstract: This paper performs an extensive review on control schemes and architectures applied to dc microgrids (MGs). It covers multilayer hierarchical control schemes, coordinated control strategies, plug-and-play operations, stability and active damping aspects, as well as nonlinear control algorithms. Islanding detection, protection, and MG clusters control are also briefly summarized. All the mentioned issues are discussed with the goal of providing control design guidelines for dc MGs. The future research challenges, from the authors’ point of view, are also provided in the final concluding part.

452 citations

Posted Content
TL;DR: This paper proposes a secondary consensus-based control layer for current sharing and voltage balancing in DC microGrids (mGs) and describes how to design secondary controllers in a PnP fashion when DGUs are added or removed.
Abstract: In this paper, we propose a secondary consensus-based control layer for current sharing and voltage balancing in DC microGrids (mGs). To this purpose, we assume that Distributed Generation Units (DGUs) are equipped with decentralized primary controllers guaranteeing voltage stability. This goal can be achieved using, for instance, Plug-and-Play (PnP) regulators. We analyze the behavior of the closed-loop mG by approximating local primary control loops with either unitary gains or first-order transfer functions. Besides proving exponential stability, current sharing, and voltage balancing, we describe how to design secondary controllers in a PnP fashion when DGUs are added or removed. Theoretical results are complemented by simulations, using a 7-DGUs mG implemented in Simulink/PLECS, and experiments on a 3-DGUs mG.

10 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
26 Mar 2017
TL;DR: In this article, a containment and consensus-based distributed coordination controller is proposed, by which each output voltage magnitude can be bounded within a reasonable range and the accurate reactive power sharing among distributed generators can also achieved.
Abstract: This paper offers a highly flexible and reliable control strategy to achieve voltage bounded regulation and accurate reactive power sharing coordinately in AC Micro-Grids. A containment and consensus-based distributed coordination controller is proposed, by which each output voltage magnitude can be bounded within a reasonable range and the accurate reactive power sharing among distributed generators can be also achieved. Combined with the two proposed controllers and electrical part of the AC Micro-Grid, a small signal model is fully developed to analyze the sensitivity of different control parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed controller in case of load variation, communication failure, plug-and-play capability are verified by the experimental setup as an islanded Micro-Grid.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a suboptimal distributed LQR control method is proposed, applicable to systems coupled through both physical interconnections and the quadratic cost to minimize.

4 citations

Posted Content
16 Mar 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, necessary and sufficient conditions for the consensusability of linear interconnected MASs are studied in terms of the parameters of the subsystem matrices, as well as the eigenvalues of the physical and communication graph Laplacians.
Abstract: Consensusability is an important property for many multi-agent systems (MASs) as it implies the existence of networked controllers driving the states of MAS subsystems to the same value. Consensusability is of interest even when the MAS subsystems are physically coupled, which is the case for real-world systems such as power networks. In this paper, we study necessary and sufficient conditions for the consensusability of linear interconnected MASs. These conditions are given in terms of the parameters of the subsystem matrices, as well as the eigenvalues of the physical and communication graph Laplacians. Our results show that weak coupling between subsystems and fast information diffusion rates in the physical and communication graphs favor consensusability. Technical results are verified through computer simulations.

1 citations


Cited by
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TL;DR: This paper proposes gradient descent algorithms for a class of utility functions which encode optimal coverage and sensing policies which are adaptive, distributed, asynchronous, and verifiably correct.
Abstract: This paper presents control and coordination algorithms for groups of vehicles. The focus is on autonomous vehicle networks performing distributed sensing tasks where each vehicle plays the role of a mobile tunable sensor. The paper proposes gradient descent algorithms for a class of utility functions which encode optimal coverage and sensing policies. The resulting closed-loop behavior is adaptive, distributed, asynchronous, and verifiably correct.

2,198 citations

Book ChapterDOI
Roy M. Howard1
01 Jan 2002
TL;DR: Chapter 8 establishes the relationship between the input and output power spectral densities of a linear system and the theory is extended to multiple input-multiple output systems.
Abstract: Chapter 8 establishes the relationship between the input and output power spectral densities of a linear system. Limitations on results are carefully detailed and the case of oscillator noise is considered. The theory is extended to multiple input-multiple output systems.

789 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a multi-agent system (MAS)-based distributed coordinated control strategies to balance the power and energy, stabilize voltage and frequency, achieve economic and coordinated operation among the MGs and MGCs.
Abstract: The increasing integration of the distributed renewable energy sources highlights the requirement to design various control strategies for microgrids (MGs) and microgrid clusters (MGCs). The multiagent system (MAS)-based distributed coordinated control strategies show the benefits to balance the power and energy, stabilize voltage and frequency, achieve economic and coordinated operation among the MGs and MGCs. However, the complex and diverse combinations of distributed generations (DGs) in MAS increase the complexity of system control and operation. In order to design the optimized configuration and control strategy using MAS, the topology models and mathematic models such as the graph topology model, noncooperative game model, the genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization algorithm are summarized. The merits and drawbacks of these control methods are compared. Moreover, since the consensus is a vital problem in the complex dynamical systems, the distributed MAS-based consensus protocols are systematically reviewed. On the other hand, the communication delay issue, which is inevitable no matter in the low- or high-bandwidth communication networks, is crucial to maintain the stability of the MGs and MGCs with fixed and random delays. Various control strategies to compensate the effect of communication delays have been reviewed, such as the neural network-based predictive control, the weighted average predictive control, the gain scheduling scheme, and synchronization schemes based on the multitimer model for the case of fixed communication delay, and the generalized predictive control, networked predictive control, model predictive control, Smith predictor, $H_{\infty}$ -based control, sliding mode control for the random communication delay scenarios. Furthermore, various control methods have been summarized to describe switching topologies in MAS with different objectives, such as the plug-in or plug-out of DGs in an MG, and the plug-in or plug-out of MGs in an MGC, and multiagent-based energy coordination and the economic dispatch of the MGC. Finally, the future research directions of the multiagent-based distributed coordinated control and optimization in MGs and MGCs are also presented.

246 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the possible multi-microgrid architectures to form a grid of microgrids and compared the different architectures in terms of cost, scalability, protection, reliability, stability, communications and business models.

163 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Different energy management strategies have been presented as energy management plays very important role in optimizing the size and rating of energy storage system and their maximum utilization.
Abstract: Due to inherent advantages of DC system over AC system such as compatibility with renewable energy sources, storage devices and modern loads, Direct Current Microgrid (DCMG) has been one of the key research areas from last few years. The power and energy management in the DCMG system has been a challenge for the researchers. MG structure and control strategies are the integrated part of the power and energy management system. This paper covers all the aspects of the control of DCMG, whether it is DC bus voltage, power or energy related. Different MG Structures with their comparative analysis has been given in this paper. Various control schemes: Basic control schemes like centralized, decentralized and distributed control and multilevel control scheme such as hierarchal control has been discussed. The Power management in grid-connected, Islanded mode and transition mode has been presented. Different energy management strategies have been presented as energy management plays very important role in optimizing the size and rating of energy storage system and their maximum utilization. The energy management of a battery and super capacitor based HESS in all configurations has also been discussed and finally, future trends in further research are presented.

151 citations