Author
Giovanni Principato
Bio: Giovanni Principato is an academic researcher from Marche Polytechnic University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Glutathione & Antioxidant. The author has an hindex of 14, co-authored 28 publications receiving 1095 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the effects of exposure to metals under and laboratory conditions were investigated in the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, including the concentrations of heavy metals, the level of glutathione, and the activity of several enzymes selected among glutathion-dependent oxidoreductases and hydrolases.
611 citations
TL;DR: The overall results indicated an oxidative challenge caused by ELF magnetic fields with particularly prompt and sensitive responses for catalase, glutathione reductase, and the overall capability to neutralize peroxyl radicals.
89 citations
TL;DR: Information on its subcellular distribution provides a deeper understanding of glutathione‐dependent processes and reflects the importance of compartmentalization in the regulation of specific cellular pathways.
Abstract: Glutathione is considered the major non-protein low molecular weight modulator of redox processes and the most important thiol reducing agent of the cell. The biosynthesis of glutathione occurs in the cytosol from its constituent amino acids, but this tripeptide is also present in the most important cellular districts, such as mitochondria, nucleus, and endoplasmic reticulum, thus playing a central role in several metabolic pathways and cytoprotection mechanisms. Indeed, glutathione is involved in the modulation of various cellular processes and, not by chance, it is a ubiquitous determinant for redox signaling, xenobiotic detoxification, and regulation of cell cycle and death programs. The balance between its concentration and redox state is due to a complex series of interactions between biosynthesis, utilization, degradation, and transport. All these factors are of great importance to understand the significance of cellular redox balance and its relationship with physiological responses and pathological conditions. The purpose of this review is to give an overview on glutathione cellular compartmentalization. Information on its subcellular distribution provides a deeper understanding of glutathione-dependent processes and reflects the importance of compartmentalization in the regulation of specific cellular pathways. © 2018 BioFactors, 45(2):152-168, 2019.
70 citations
TL;DR: Increased intake of strawberries for only 2weeks was shown to be sufficient to attenuate mononuclear cell mortality after ex vivo exposure to a single acuteoxidative challenge, but the analysis of DNA oxidative damage gave conflicting results.
49 citations
TL;DR: The overall results indicate that the Parsol 1789 compound does not protect human keratinocytes from UVA exposure under experimental conditions confirming previous findings on the lack of photoprotective efficiency of this sunscreen in contact with biologically relevant molecules.
46 citations
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TL;DR: The molecular regulators of senescence phenotypes and how they are used for identifying senescent cells in vitro and in vivo are described and the importance that these levels of regulations have in the development of therapeutic targets is highlighted.
1,218 citations
TL;DR: Caution should be taken in monitoring studies where mRNA levels of antioxidants could represent a snapshot of cell activity at a given time, not an effective endpoint of environmental pollutants, and conflicting results between molecular and biochemical responses are quite frequent.
640 citations
TL;DR: Evidence indicating that the permeability transition pore plays a role in pathophysiology, with specific emphasis on in vivo models of disease is discussed, including results based on genetic inactivation of putative permeability Transition pore components.
Abstract: The mitochondrial permeability transition pore is a high conductance channel whose opening leads to an increase of mitochondrial inner membrane permeability to solutes with molecular masses up to ≈ 1500 Da. In this review we trace the rise of the permeability transition pore from the status of in vitro artifact to that of effector mechanism of cell death. We then cover recent results based on genetic inactivation of putative permeability transition pore components, and discuss their meaning for our understanding of pore structure. Finally, we discuss evidence indicating that the permeability transition pore plays a role in pathophysiology, with specific emphasis on in vivo models of disease.
611 citations
TL;DR: Basic concepts about PTP structure, function and regulation within the framework of intracellular death signalling, and its role in disease pathogenesis are reviewed.
Abstract: Current research on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) and its role in cell death faces a paradox. Initially considered as an in vitro artifact of little pathophysiological relevance, in recent years the PTP has received considerable attention as a potential mechanism for the execution of cell death. The recent successful use of PTP desensitizers in several disease paradigms leaves little doubt about its relevance in pathophysiology; and emerging findings that link the PTP to key cellular signalling pathways are increasing the interest on the pore as a pharmacological target. Yet, recent genetic data have challenged popular views on the molecular nature of the PTP, and called into question many early conclusions about its structure. Here we review basic concepts about PTP structure, function and regulation within the framework of intracellular death signalling, and its role in disease pathogenesis.
493 citations
TL;DR: Investigation of the potential protective effects of vitamin E and beta-carotene alone or in combination against cadmium (Cd) toxicity demonstrated the beneficial influences ofitamin E, -carotenes alone and/or in combination in reducing the harmful effects of CdCl2.
492 citations