Data Mining - Concepts and Techniques.

Much previous research has established that perceived ease of use is an important factor influencing user acceptance and usage behavior of information technologies. However, very little research has been conducted to understand how that perception forms and changes over time. The current work presents and tests an anchoring and adjustment-based theoretical model of the determinants of system-specific perceived ease of use. The model proposes control (internal and external--conceptualized as computer self-efficacy and facilitating conditions, respectively), intrinsic motivation (conceptualized as computer playfulness), and emotion (conceptualized as computer anxiety) as anchors that determine early perceptions about the ease of use of a new system. With increasing experience, it is expected that system-specific perceived ease of use, while still anchored to the general beliefs regarding computers and computer use, will adjust to reflect objective usability, perceptions of external control specific to the new system environment, and system-specific perceived enjoyment. The proposed model was tested in three different organizations among 246 employees using three measurements taken over a three-month period. The proposed model was strongly supported at all points of measurement, and explained up to 60% of the variance in system-specific perceived ease of use, which is twice as much as our current understanding. Important theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

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Determinants of Perceived Ease of Use: Integrating Control, Intrinsic Motivation, and Emotion into the Technology Acceptance Model

Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this research investigated gender differences in the overlooked context of individual adoption and sustained usage of technology in the workplace. User reactions and technology usage behavior were studied over a five-month period among 342 workers being introduced to a new software system. At all three points of measurement, compared to women, men's technology usage deci

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Why don't men ever stop to ask for directions? Gender, social influence, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior

https://aprender.ead.unb.br/pluginfile.php/110249/mod_folder/content/0/Artigos%20descartados/ART_2003_Legris,%20Ingham%20e%20Collerette_Why%20do%20people%20use%20information%20technology_A%20critical%20review%20of%20the%20technology%20acceptance%20model.pdf?forcedownload=1

Why do people use information technology?: a critical review of the technology acceptance model

How have Japanese companies become world leaders in the automotive and electronics industries, among others? What is the secret of their success? Two leading Japanese business experts, Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi, are the first to tie the success of Japanese companies to their ability to create new knowledge and use it to produce successful products and technologies. In The Knowledge-Creating Company, Nonaka and Takeuchi provide an inside look at how Japanese companies go about creating this new knowledge organizationally. The authors point out that there are two types of knowledge: explicit knowledge, contained in manuals and procedures, and tacit knowledge, learned only by experience, and communicated only indirectly, through metaphor and analogy. U.S. managers focus on explicit knowledge. The Japanese, on the other hand, focus on tacit knowledge. And this, the authors argue, is the key to their success--the Japanese have learned how to transform tacit into explicit knowledge. To explain how this is done--and illuminate Japanese business practices as they do so--the authors range from Greek philosophy to Zen Buddhism, from classical economists to modern management gurus, illustrating the theory of organizational knowledge creation with case studies drawn from such firms as Honda, Canon, Matsushita, NEC, Nissan, 3M, GE, and even the U.S. Marines. For instance, using Matsushita's development of the Home Bakery (the world's first fully automated bread-baking machine for home use), they show how tacit knowledge can be converted to explicit knowledge: when the designers couldn't perfect the dough kneading mechanism, a software programmer apprenticed herself withthe master baker at Osaka International Hotel, gained a tacit understanding of kneading, and then conveyed this information to the engineers. In addition, the authors show that, to create knowledge, the best management style is neither top-down nor bottom-up, but rather what they call "middle-up-down," in which the middle managers form a bridge between the ideals of top management and the chaotic realities of the frontline. As we make the turn into the 21st century, a new society is emerging. Peter Drucker calls it the "knowledge society," one that is drastically different from the "industrial society," and one in which acquiring and applying knowledge will become key competitive factors. Nonaka and Takeuchi go a step further, arguing that creating knowledge will become the key to sustaining a competitive advantage in the future. Because the competitive environment and customer preferences changes constantly, knowledge perishes quickly. With The Knowledge-Creating Company, managers have at their fingertips years of insight from Japanese firms that reveal how to create knowledge continuously, and how to exploit it to make successful new products, services, and systems.

The knowledge-creating company

This paper presents the results of a replication of construct measurement of perceived usefulness and ease of use. This replication extends the work of recent research which examined these constructs through structural equation modeling. This research uses a new data set for two different technologies in conducting the replication of the construct measurement. The results of the construct measurement for perceived usefulness and ease of use in this research are quite consistent with the results reported in recent research with minor variations. Perceived usefulness, and not ease of use, is a determinant of predicted future usage.

A Replication of Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use Measurement

Recently, Bayesian probabilistic models have been used for predicting software development effort. One of the reasons for the interest in the use of Bayesian probabilistic models, when compared to traditional point forecast estimation models, is that Bayesian models provide tools for risk estimation and allow decision-makers to combine historical data with subjective expert estimates. In this paper, we use a Bayesian network model and illustrate how a belief updating procedure can be used to incorporate decision-making risks. We develop a causal model from the literature and, using a data set of 33 real-world software projects, we illustrate how decision-making risks can be incorporated in the Bayesian networks. We compare the predictive performance of the Bayesian model with popular nonparametric neural-network and regression tree forecasting models and show that the Bayesian model is a competitive model for forecasting software development effort.

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A probabilistic model for predicting software development effort

An empirical application of the DeLone and McLean model in private sector organizations of Kuwait is presented. Seven organizations representing the seven sectors in the Kuwaiti Stock market participated. Certain direct associations between the variables in the original DeLone and McLean model were supported from initial correlation analysis. Subsequent regression analyses confirmed these associations. Information quality and system quality impact user satisfaction significantly. System usage has a significant influence on individual impact.

An Empirical Application of the Delone and Mclean Model in the Kuwaiti Private Sector

Software quality and IS project performance improvements from software development process maturity and IS implementation strategies

The capability maturity model (CMM) is part of several software process improvement (SPI), six sigma, and total quality management (TQM) initiatives in organizations. SPI and continuous quality improvements are associated with better return on investment (ROI) for organizations. The purpose of this empirical research is to study the impact of the CMM on certain critical factors in information systems implementation strategy, software quality and software project performance. Our findings are that CMM levels do associate with IS implementation strategies and higher CMM levels relate to higher software quality and project performance. We also conclude that information systems (IS) implementation strategies have a significant impact on software quality and project performance. While certain IS implementation strategies - executive commitment and prototyping - have a significant impact on both software quality and project performance, training had a significant effect only on software quality and simplicity has a significant effect only on project performance.

Girish H. Subramanian

Papers

A Replication of Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use Measurement

A probabilistic model for predicting software development effort

An Empirical Application of the Delone and Mclean Model in the Kuwaiti Private Sector

Software quality and IS project performance improvements from software development process maturity and IS implementation strategies

Software quality and IS project performance improvements from software development process maturity and IS implementation strategies