Goutam Saha

Bio: Goutam Saha is an academic researcher from North Eastern Hill University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Speaker recognition & Gene regulatory network. The author has an hindex of 13, co-authored 143 publications receiving 583 citations. Previous affiliations of Goutam Saha include Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur & West Bengal University of Technology.

A comparision between methods for generating differentially expressed genes from microarray data for prediction of disease

Abstract: Feature selection from microarray data has become an ever evolving area of research. Numerous techniques have widely been applied for extraction of genes which are expressed differentially in microarray data. Some of these comprise of studies related to fold-change approach, classical t-statistics and modified t-statistics. It has been found that the gene lists returned by these methods are dissimilar. In this work we compare the outputs of two different feature selection methods using three classifiers based on different algorithms namely the Random Forest Ensemble based method, the Support vector machine (SVM) and the KNN methods, using the prediction accuracy of the test datasets.

Smartphone based blood flow feature extraction and classification from Doppler spectrum images

Abstract: Ultrasound (US) Doppler spectrograms have been widely used for diagnosing vascular obstructions. This paper presents an Android smartphone based new approach for detecting the blood flow condition based on the US Doppler spectrogram images. A set of 59 spectrograms acquired from a US Doppler system is processed to extract features, and these non-redundant features are fed into a supervised classifier to determine the normal and abnormal blood flow. The classification is performed using the k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), Support vector machine (SVM), Naive Bayes (NB) and Multilayer perception (MLP) based classifiers. The SVM based classifier has shown superior performance, having an accuracy of 86.4 %, with a sensitivity and specificity of 96.4 % and 77.4 % respectively. The complete technique is implemented as an Android application and the results show the efficacy of the presented approach for the automated diagnosis of arterial diseases.

Linking flexibility of brain networks to cognitive development in preschool children

Abstract: Recent studies of functional connectivity networks (FCNs) suggest that the reconfiguration of brain network across time, both at rest and during task, is linked with cognition in human adults. In this study, we tested this prediction, i.e. cognitive ability is associated with a flexible brain network in preschool children of 3-4 years - a critical age, representing a ‘blossoming period’ for brain development. We recorded magnetoen-cephalogram (MEG) data from 88 preschoolers, and assessed their cognitive ability by a battery of cognitive tests. We estimated FCNs obtained from the source reconstructed MEG recordings, and characterized the temporal variability at each node using a novel path-based measure of temporal variability; the latter captures reconfiguration of the node’s interactions to the rest of the network across time. Using connectome predictive modeling, we demonstrated that the temporal variability of fronto-temporal nodes in the dynamic FCN can reliably predict out-of-scanner performance of short-term memory and attention distractability in novel participants. Further, we observed that the network-level temporal variability increased with age, while individual nodes exhibited an inverse relationship between temporal variability and node centrality. These results demonstrate that functional brain networks, and especially their reconfiguration ability, are important to cognition at an early but a critical stage of human brain development.

A Study on Abnormalities Detection Techniques from Echocardiogram

Abstract: Echocardiography is one of the most widely used tools in abnormalities detection in cardiac perspective. A person with difficulty in breathing or any symptoms that shows a weak heart is asked to follow the test. This test is vital and is done manually where a transducer is used to obtain a specific image that can visually locate the presence of abnormalities. Automated methodologies have emerged to solve the problem faced by manual treatment. This will help the physician to reduce misdiagnosis of echo images. This paper is based on the study of different existing techniques that can be used in the detection of abnormalities in cardiac system using echo images.

Mitigating the Effects of External Perturbations on a Gene Regulatory Network using Feedback Controllers

Abstract: Gene regulatory networks are generally robust in nature. However, unwanted perturbations arising out of extreme environmental conditions or external pathogen attacks may lead them to malfunction. Potentially, this can have an adverse effect on the biochemical functions of a living system. In this work, we have proposed a computational model based on negative feedback control to eliminate the effects of such unwanted perturbations. We have implemented the recurrent neural network formalism for modelling the underlying network dynamics from a given time-series gene expression dataset. The artificial bee colony optimisation technique has been employed for model parameter estimation. The controller used in this work is of the proportional-integral-derivative type. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first research works in this domain to consider a completely non-linear scenario. A 10-gene DREAM4 benchmark network has been considered in this work. The results obtained herein show that the proposed formalism can mitigate the unwanted effects of external disturbances effectively.

Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Cyclobutanes by Olefin [2+2] Photocycloaddition Reactions

Abstract: The [2 + 2] photocycloaddition is undisputedly the most important and most frequently used photochemical reaction. In this review, it is attempted to cover all recent aspects of [2 + 2] photocycloaddition chemistry with an emphasis on synthetically relevant, regio-, and stereoselective reactions. The review aims to comprehensively discuss relevant work, which was done in the field in the last 20 years (i.e., from 1995 to 2015). Organization of the data follows a subdivision according to mechanism and substrate classes. Cu(I) and PET (photoinduced electron transfer) catalysis are treated separately in sections 2 and 4, whereas the vast majority of photocycloaddition reactions which occur by direct excitation or sensitization are divided within section 3 into individual subsections according to the photochemically excited olefin.

The working brain (an introduction to neuropsychology)

Abstract: CLINICAL NEUROSURGERY Edited by Barnes Wordall. Vol. 18. (Pp. 557; illustrated; £8 25.) Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh. 1971. CLINICAL NEUROSURGERY Edited by G. T. Tindall. Vol. 19. (Pp. 598; illustrated; £12.) Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh. 1972. The Congress of Neurosurgeons began in 1951 on the initiative of a group of younger neurosurgeons. In the last 20 years its membership has grown from 69 to over 1,000, but it has retained its original intentions and virility by a constitution which ensured that the office bearers and organizers were always young men. Residents in training are encouraged to join, financial concessions make it possible for them to attend meetings, and these are organized as an educational exercise, by inviting established authorities to give lectures on selected topics, chosen to provide a balanced programme. As a result Clinical Neurosurgery is a valuable volume which all neurosurgeons look forward to each year; it is in quite a different class from the usual conference tome, full of brief and unconnected papers of widely varying quality. As the title suggests Clinical Neurosurgery includes excellent clinical reviews but the two recent volumes include also a section of seminars on fundamental research-in volume 18 on coma and sleep, in volume 19 on basic mechanisms of memory. It is also the custom to invite a senior neurosurgical citizen as guest of honour and his two or three papers afford an opportunity for historical and philosophical reflections as well as an experienced perspective on clinical and experimental work. Add to this the refreshing presidential address, from one of the (angry?) young men of neurosurgery and it will be clear that these volumes really do include something of interest for every neurosurgeon, whatever his own interests or prejudices. It is a relief to be able so warmly to recommend these books, when the question posed by so many other books is whether anyone would really want to read them. The most recent volume has a more consistent theme than former ones, and that is 'head injury'. It includes papers on mechanisms as revealed by animal experiment and by a pathologist who visited the scene of the accident before examining the brains of head injury fatalities. There are chapters on engineering and socio-psychological aspects of accident prevention, as well as down to earth clinical accounts of metabolic disorders, testing for acoustic vestibular 36 damage, and aspects of prognosis. This is a significant contribution to the literature on head injury.