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Author

Guangling Jiao

Bio: Guangling Jiao is an academic researcher from Halifax. The author has contributed to research in topics: Shrimp & Fucoidan. The author has an hindex of 11, co-authored 15 publications receiving 1058 citations. Previous affiliations of Guangling Jiao include Ocean University of China & Chinese Ministry of Education.
Topics: Shrimp, Fucoidan, Oligosaccharide, Galactan, Agarose

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present paper will provide an update on the structural chemistry of the major sulfated polysaccharides synthesized by seaweeds including the galactans, ulvans, and fucans and the recent findings on the anticoagulant/antithrombotic, antiviral, immuno-inflammatory, antilipidemic and antioxidant activities of sulfated Polysaccharide and their potential for therapeutic application.
Abstract: Sulfated polysaccharides and their lower molecular weight oligosaccharide derivatives from marine macroalgae have been shown to possess a variety of biological activities. The present paper will review the recent progress in research on the structural chemistry and the bioactivities of these marine algal biomaterials. In particular, it will provide an update on the structural chemistry of the major sulfated polysaccharides synthesized by seaweeds including the galactans (e.g., agarans and carrageenans), ulvans, and fucans. It will then review the recent findings on the anticoagulant/antithrombotic, antiviral, immuno-inflammatory, antilipidemic and antioxidant activities of sulfated polysaccharides and their potential for therapeutic application.

834 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The identification, by various MS and chromatographic techniques, of an unexpected series of exclusively odd‐numbered oligosaccharide fragments from its hydrolytic products, which were derived from two‐step cleavages of the glycosidic bonds on either sides of the 3,6‐anhydrogalactose residues.
Abstract: Sulfated galactan kappa-carrageenan is a linear polysaccharide with a repeating disaccharide sequence of alternating 4-sulfated 3-linked galactose and 4-linked 3,6-anhydrogalactose units. In contrast to many examples of chemical hydrolysis of polysaccharides, mild acid treatment of kappa-carrageenan resulted in facile and highly specific cleavage. In this article, we report the identification, by various MS and chromatographic techniques, of an unexpected series of exclusively odd-numbered oligosaccharide fragments from its hydrolytic products. Detailed sequence analysis of the products indicated that all the oligosaccharide fragments have the 4-sulfated 3-linked galactose residues at both the reducing and the nonreducing ends. Further detailed investigation and analysis suggested that these odd-numbered oligosaccharides were derived from two-step cleavages of the glycosidic bonds on either sides of the 3,6-anhydrogalactose residues. Neutral galactan agarose also contains 3,6-anhydrogalactose and has a similar backbone sequence, and exhibited similar results upon mild acid hydrolysis. It is highly unusual to obtain exclusively odd-numbered oligosaccharides from polysaccharides composed of ordered disaccharide repeats.

117 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results showed that a fucoidan KW derived from brown algae Kjellmaniella crassifolia effectively blocked IAV infection in vitro with low toxicity and has the potential to be developed into a novel nasal drop or spray for prevention and treatment of influenza in the future.
Abstract: Development of novel anti-influenza A virus (IAV) drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity is critical for preparedness against influenza outbreaks. Herein, we investigated the anti-IAV activities and mechanisms of fucoidan in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that a fucoidan KW derived from brown algae Kjellmaniella crassifolia effectively blocked IAV infection in vitro with low toxicity. KW possessed broad anti-IAV spectrum and low tendency of induction of viral resistance, superior to the anti-IAV drug amantadine. KW was capable of inactivating virus particles before infection and blocked some stages after adsorption. KW could bind to viral neuraminidase (NA) and inhibit the activity of NA to block the release of IAV. KW also interfered with the activation of EGFR, PKCα, NF-κB, and Akt, and inhibited both IAV endocytosis and EGFR internalization in IAV-infected cells, suggesting that KW may also inhibit cellular EGFR pathway. Moreover, intranasal administration of KW markedly improved survival and decreased viral titers in IAV-infected mice. Therefore, fucoidan KW has the potential to be developed into a novel nasal drop or spray for prevention and treatment of influenza in the future.

93 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the red alga Furcellaria lumbricalis from the coast of the Prince Edward Island (PEI) in Atlantic Canada, was extracted with hot water and fractionated with 0.125 M KCl to obtain a carrageenan-like polysaccharide.

48 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive characterization of the triacylglycerols and astaxanthin esters that predominate in the shrimp oil is presented by using HPLC-HRMS and MS/MS, as well as 13C-NMR, which offers direct characterization of fatty acid molecules in their intact forms.
Abstract: Northern shrimp (Pandalus borealis) oil, which is rich in omega-3 fatty acids, was recovered from the cooking water of shrimp processing facilities. The oil contains significant amounts of omega-3 fatty acids in triglyceride form, along with substantial long-chain monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). It also features natural isomeric forms of astaxanthin, a nutritional carotenoid, which gives the oil a brilliant red color. As part of our efforts in developing value added products from waste streams of the seafood processing industry, we present in this paper a comprehensive characterization of the triacylglycerols (TAGs) and astaxanthin esters that predominate in the shrimp oil by using HPLC-HRMS and MS/MS, as well as 13C-NMR. This approach, in combination with FAME analysis, offers direct characterization of fatty acid molecules in their intact forms, including the distribution of regioisomers in TAGs. The information is important for the standardization and quality control, as well as for differentiation of composition features of shrimp oil, which could be sold as an ingredient in health supplements and functional foods.

26 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work highlights this rapidly advancing area of algal science with a particular focus on the key research required to assess better the health benefits of an alga or algal product.
Abstract: Global demand for macroalgal and microalgal foods is growing, and algae are increasingly being consumed for functional benefits beyond the traditional considerations of nutrition and health. There is substantial evidence for the health benefits of algal-derived food products, but there remain considerable challenges in quantifying these benefits, as well as possible adverse effects. First, there is a limited understanding of nutritional composition across algal species, geographical regions, and seasons, all of which can substantially affect their dietary value. The second issue is quantifying which fractions of algal foods are bioavailable to humans, and which factors influence how food constituents are released, ranging from food preparation through genetic differentiation in the gut microbiome. Third is understanding how algal nutritional and functional constituents interact in human metabolism. Superimposed considerations are the effects of harvesting, storage, and food processing techniques that can dramatically influence the potential nutritive value of algal-derived foods. We highlight this rapidly advancing area of algal science with a particular focus on the key research required to assess better the health benefits of an alga or algal product. There are rich opportunities for phycologists in this emerging field, requiring exciting new experimental and collaborative approaches.

933 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present paper will provide an update on the structural chemistry of the major sulfated polysaccharides synthesized by seaweeds including the galactans, ulvans, and fucans and the recent findings on the anticoagulant/antithrombotic, antiviral, immuno-inflammatory, antilipidemic and antioxidant activities of sulfated Polysaccharide and their potential for therapeutic application.
Abstract: Sulfated polysaccharides and their lower molecular weight oligosaccharide derivatives from marine macroalgae have been shown to possess a variety of biological activities. The present paper will review the recent progress in research on the structural chemistry and the bioactivities of these marine algal biomaterials. In particular, it will provide an update on the structural chemistry of the major sulfated polysaccharides synthesized by seaweeds including the galactans (e.g., agarans and carrageenans), ulvans, and fucans. It will then review the recent findings on the anticoagulant/antithrombotic, antiviral, immuno-inflammatory, antilipidemic and antioxidant activities of sulfated polysaccharides and their potential for therapeutic application.

834 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The various aspects of the investigation results of the bioactivities of polysaccharides were summarized, including its diversity pharmacological applications, such as immunoregulatory, anti-tumor,Anti-virus, antioxidation, and hypoglycemic activity, and their application in the treatment of disease are discussed.

687 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to provide information on the most recent developments in the chemistry of fucoidan/FCSPs emphasizing the significance of different extraction techniques for the structural composition and biological activity with particular focus on sulfate groups.
Abstract: Seaweeds—or marine macroalgae—notably brown seaweeds in the class Phaeophyceae, contain fucoidan. Fucoidan designates a group of certain fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides (FCSPs) that have a backbone built of (1→3)-linked α-l-fucopyranosyl or of alternating (1→3)- and (1→4)-linked α-l-fucopyranosyl residues, but also include sulfated galactofucans with backbones built of (1→6)-β-d-galacto- and/or (1→2)-β-d-mannopyranosyl units with fucose or fuco-oligosaccharide branching, and/or glucuronic acid, xylose or glucose substitutions. These FCSPs offer several potentially beneficial bioactive functions for humans. The bioactive properties may vary depending on the source of seaweed, the compositional and structural traits, the content (charge density), distribution, and bonding of the sulfate substitutions, and the purity of the FCSP product. The preservation of the structural integrity of the FCSP molecules essentially depends on the extraction methodology which has a crucial, but partly overlooked, significance for obtaining the relevant structural features required for specific biological activities and for elucidating structure-function relations. The aim of this review is to provide information on the most recent developments in the chemistry of fucoidan/FCSPs emphasizing the significance of different extraction techniques for the structural composition and biological activity with particular focus on sulfate groups.

547 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The main goal of this paper was to review the sources, natively biological activities, isolation, characterization, and the structural features of natively bioactive polysaccharides from wood species to maximally exploit their various valuable properties in previously unperceived applications.

463 citations