scispace - formally typeset
Search or ask a question
Author

H A Bickerman

Bio: H A Bickerman is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Antitussive Agent. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 133 citations.


Cited by
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that respiratory viral infections that produce airway epithelial damage temporarily cause subjects to develop more bronchoconstriction after inhaling smaller doses of histamine than do healthy subjects and the fact that atropine prevents this response and that the threshold to cough is temporarily decreased is compatible with the hypothesis that airway tissue damage by infection exposes and "sensitizes" the rapidly adapting airway receptors to inhaled irritants.
Abstract: Inhalation of histamine diphosphate aerosol (16 per cent, 10 breaths) produced a 218 ± 546 per cent (mean ± SE) increase in airway resistance in 16 normal subjects with colds compared with a 305 ± 55 per cent increase in 11 healthy control subjects (P < 001) There was no significant difference in mean baseline airway resistance between the two groups Inhalation of saline produced no significant change in airway resistance in either group Isoproterenol hydrochloride (05 per cent, 1 breath) or atropine sulfate aerosol (02 per cent, 20 breaths) each reversed and prevented the increase in airway resistance by histamine, indicating that the bronchoconstriction was caused by smooth muscle contraction and that post-ganglionic, cholinergic pathways were involved in the mechanism In 6 subjects with colds, citric acid aerosol (10 per cent, 5 breaths) caused bronchoconstriction that lasted up to 30 sec after inhalation, a significantly greater effect than that observed in control subjects or in the same s

966 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cough is a recognised side-effect of ACE inhibitors; the observation that cough challenge is changed by these drugs in normal subjects implies a role for ACE in the cough reflex, possibly by metabolism of substrates other than angiotensin I.

728 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Cough can have profound effects on health status, which can be assessed by cough-specific health status questionnaires, and may be used to follow change in cough reflex sensitivity in an individual.
Abstract: ### Cough 1) All basic scientific articles should refer to cough as a three-phase motor act. For the purposes of acoustic recordings in clinical studies, however, cough should be described as a forced expulsive manoeuvre or manoeuvres against a closed glottis that are associated with a characteristic sound or sounds. 2) All scientific articles should include a clear definition of what the authors have used as their definition of cough. ### Capsaicin and citric acid inhalation cough challenge 1) The methodology for the performance of inhalation cough challenge should be standardised so as to facilitate universal interpretation and comparison of data generated by different laboratories. 2) Comprehensive normal ranges need to be developed using the standardised methodology advocated in the present document. 3) The single-breath concentration–response method using a flow-limited dosimeter is recommended for most experimental protocols. 4) Both C2 and C5 should be recorded. 5) Since there is wide inter-individual variation, cough challenge data have no intrinsic significance, but may usefully be used to follow change in cough reflex sensitivity in an individual. ### Cough induced by inhalation of aqueous solutions 1) Aerosolised aqueous solutions represent a useful experimental tool in cough research. 2) The cough challenge with ultrasonic distilled water (fog) is difficult to standardise since it is highly dependent upon nebuliser output. 3) Consideration should be given to potential adverse events, such as bronchoconstriction and cross-infection. ### Cough monitors 1) No cough monitor is currently the gold standard. 2) Monitors should be developed that are ambulatory, are capable of being digitally processed and permit prolonged (24-h) recording. 3) There is little to commend any particular method of quantifying cough over any other. ### Assessment of quality of life of patients with chronic cough 1) Cough can have profound effects on health status, which can be assessed by cough-specific health status questionnaires. 2) Cough visual analogue scale (VAS, 0–100 mm) should be used to assess cough severity in patients with chronic cough. 3) Patients with chronic cough should be assessed with cough-specific quality-of-life questionnaires in clinical studies. ### Animal models of cough 1) The most useful animal model of cough is …

595 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Nov 1973
TL;DR: In this paper, Sensory Irritation by Airborne Chemicals: Critical Reviews in Toxicology: Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 299-363, was discussed.
Abstract: (1973). Sensory Irritation by Airborne Chemicals. CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology: Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 299-363.

389 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data suggest that sensitized cough receptors may be involved in triggering reflex airway constriction in patients with asthma or bronchitis, and atropine sulfate, which would block such pathways, abolished the bronchoconstrictor effects of all the stimuli.
Abstract: Inhalation of aerosols of citric acid, histamine phosphate, or carbon dust, or air cooled to - 20 degrees C or rapid respiratory maneuvers (inspiration or expiration) results in an increase in airway resistance in some patients with asthma or bronchitis It has been shown previously in animals that stimulation of cough receptors results in bronchoconstriction through efferent cholinergic pathways In the patients studied, the administration of atropine sulfate, which would block such pathways, abolished the bronchoconstrictor effects of all the stimuli except large doses of histamine, which may exert a direct effect on airway smooth muscle These data suggest that sensitized cough receptors may be involved in triggering reflex airway constriction in such patients

362 citations